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Article: Assessment of Quality and Readability of Information Provided by ChatGPT in Relation to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury.

Fahy, Stephen / Oehme, Stephan / Milinkovic, Danko / Jung, Tobias / Bartek, Benjamin

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1

Abstract: The aim of our study was to evaluate the potential role of Artificial Intelligence tools like ChatGPT in patient education. To do this, we assessed both the quality and readability of information provided by ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 in relation to Anterior ... ...

Abstract	The aim of our study was to evaluate the potential role of Artificial Intelligence tools like ChatGPT in patient education. To do this, we assessed both the quality and readability of information provided by ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 in relation to Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury and treatment. ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 were used to answer common patient queries relating to ACL injuries and treatment. The quality of the information was assessed using the DISCERN criteria. Readability was assessed with the use of seven readability formulae: the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Grade Level, the Flesch Reading Ease Score, the Raygor Estimate, the SMOG, the Fry, the FORCAST, and the Gunning Fog. The mean reading grade level (RGL) was compared with the recommended 8th-grade reading level, the mean RGL among adults in America. The perceived quality and mean RGL of answers given by both ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 was also compared. Both ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 yielded DISCERN scores suggesting "good" quality of information, with ChatGPT 4 slightly outperforming 3.5. However, readability levels for both versions significantly exceeded the average 8th-grade reading level for American patients. ChatGPT 3.5 had a mean RGL of 18.08, while the mean RGL of ChatGPT 4 was 17.9, exceeding the average American reading grade level by 10.08 grade levels and 9.09 grade levels, respectively. While ChatGPT can provide both reliable and good quality information on ACL injuries and treatment options, the readability of the content may limit its utility. Additionally, the consistent lack of source citation represents a significant area of concern for patients and clinicians alike. If AI is to play a role in patient education, it must reliably produce information which is accurate, easily comprehensible, and clearly sourced.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662248-8
ISSN	2075-4426
ISSN	2075-4426
DOI	10.3390/jpm14010104
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Are international medical graduates well supported by the emergency medicine community in Australasia? Yes.

Fahy, Stephen

Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA

2016 Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 594–595

MeSH term(s)	Australasia ; Emergency Medicine/manpower ; Foreign Medical Graduates ; Humans ; Social Support
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-10
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2161824-0
ISSN	1742-6723 ; 1742-6731 ; 1035-6851
ISSN (online)	1742-6723
ISSN	1742-6731 ; 1035-6851
DOI	10.1111/1742-6723.12669
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Article ; Online: Return to Sport After Operative Fixation of Midshaft Clavicle Fractures in Professional Jockeys.

Fahy, Stephen / Ó Doinn, Tiarnán / Peters, Nina / Pugh, Jennifer / Fox, Ciara / Kenny, Patrick

Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine

2023

Abstract: Objective: Clavicle fractures are the most commonly observed fracture sustained in professional horse racing. This study is the first to report on time lost from injury and functional recovery after surgical fixation of midshaft clavicle fractures in ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Clavicle fractures are the most commonly observed fracture sustained in professional horse racing. This study is the first to report on time lost from injury and functional recovery after surgical fixation of midshaft clavicle fractures in professional jockeys. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Professional Horse Racing Ireland; Patients (or Participants): Professional Jockeys in Ireland with midshaft clavicular fractures managed with Open Reduction Internal Fixation. Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors or Independent Variables): Operative fixation with Open Reduction Internal Fixation. Main outcome measures: Assessment of postoperative Quick Disabilities of Arm Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) score and Patient Reported Outcome Measures assessing for associated complications and time to return to competition among professional athletes. Results: Between 07/06/2013 and 29/09/2022, 22 patients met the predetermined inclusion criteria. Ninety-five percent of patients returned to competition at their preinjury level, one patient failed to return to competition for reasons unrelated to his injury. The mean time for return to competition was 68.14 days postinjury. Few complications were reported, whereas functional recovery was excellent across the cohort, with an average QuickDASH score of 0.85 (0.0-2.3). Conclusions: Plate fixation of midshaft clavicle fractures is effective and safe in the setting of professional horse racing. Ninety-five percent of patients can be expected to return within 14 weeks of injury. Patients returning at less than 7 weeks after injury had no adverse outcomes, suggesting a potential role for more aggressive rehabilitation postoperatively and ultimately, a quicker return to competition.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1062530-6
ISSN	1536-3724 ; 1050-642X
ISSN (online)	1536-3724
ISSN	1050-642X
DOI	10.1097/JSM.0000000000001151
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Book ; Online: Effect of strain and many-body corrections on the band inversions and topology of bismuth

König, Christian / Greer, James C. / Fahy, Stephen

2021

Abstract: The electronic band structure of Bi is calculated using state of the art electronic structure methods, including density functional theory and G$_0$W$_0$ quasiparticle approximations. The delicate ordering of states at the L point of the Brillouin zone, ... ...

Abstract	The electronic band structure of Bi is calculated using state of the art electronic structure methods, including density functional theory and G$_0$W$_0$ quasiparticle approximations. The delicate ordering of states at the L point of the Brillouin zone, which determines the topological character of the electronic bands, is investigated in detail. The effect on the bands of strain, changing the structural parameters of the rhombohedral crystal structure, is shown to be important in determining this ordering and the resulting topological character.
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Publishing date	2021-02-03
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Book ; Online: Electronic properties of bismuth nanostructures

König, Christian / Greer, James C. / Fahy, Stephen

2021

Abstract: The passivation of thin Bi(1 1 1) films with hydrogen and oxide capping layers is investigated from first principles. Considering termination-related changes of the crystal structure, we show how the bands and density of states are affected. In the ... ...

Abstract	The passivation of thin Bi(1 1 1) films with hydrogen and oxide capping layers is investigated from first principles. Considering termination-related changes of the crystal structure, we show how the bands and density of states are affected. In the context of the much discussed semimetal-to-semiconductor transition and the band topology of the bulk material, we consider the effects of confinement in the whole Brillouin zone and go beyond standard density functional theory by including many-body interactions via the G$_0$W$_0$ approximation. The conductivity of unterminated films is calculated via the Boltzmann transport equation using the simple constant relaxation time approximation and compared to experimental observations that have suggested a two-channel model.
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Publishing date	2021-04-16
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article: Assessing the Attitudes, Awareness, and Behavioral Alterations of Patients Awaiting Total Hip Arthroplasty During the COVID-19 Crisis.

Fahy, Stephen / Moore, Joss / Kelly, Michael / Irwin, Shane / Kenny, Paddy

Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 2151459320969377

Abstract: Background: COVID-19 has placed a huge burden on healthcare systems which has led to widespread cancellation elective surgical care. Ireland is recovering from the first wave of COVID-19 and as such the expeditious return of elective surgical care is ... ...

Abstract	Background: COVID-19 has placed a huge burden on healthcare systems which has led to widespread cancellation elective surgical care. Ireland is recovering from the first wave of COVID-19 and as such the expeditious return of elective surgical care is important. This is the first study to examine the attitudes of patients to undergoing total joint arthroplasty during the COVID-19 crisis. Methods: A prospective qualitative study was undertaken in our institution during the week 13/05/2020-20/05/2020. 65 patients completed a questionnaire assessing attitudes, awareness, and behavioral changes associated with COVID-19, a Charlson Comorbidity Index, modified-Harris Hip Score, and a Short Form-12 score. Results: 86% of patients felt that they were at little to no risk of COVID-19 infection. The majority of patients were happy to proceed with surgery at the current level of COVID-19 related threat (86%). Patients with higher mHHS were more likely to postpone their operation than those with lower mHHS scores. Our cohort had low patient reported outcome measures in both mHHS and SF-12, indicating the significant burden of hip osteoarthritis on both physical and mental health. Conclusion: Patients reported a significant disease-related impairment of physical function and subsequent deterioration in mental health as a result of hip osteoarthritis. Patients with worse hip function, as measured by the mHHS are more willing to proceed with surgery than those with superior hip function. This offers a potential mechanism by which to triage patients once elective surgical pathways reopen in the coming months.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2589094-3
ISSN	2151-4593 ; 2151-4585
ISSN (online)	2151-4593
ISSN	2151-4585
DOI	10.1177/2151459320969377
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Article ; Online: Analysing the variation in volume and nature of trauma presentations during COVID-19 lockdown in Ireland.

Fahy, Stephen / Moore, Joss / Kelly, Michael / Flannery, Olivia / Kenny, Paddy

Bone & joint open

2020 Volume 1, Issue 6, Page(s) 261–266

Abstract: Aims: Europe has found itself at the epicentre of the COVID-19 pandemic. Naturally, this has placed added strain onto healthcare systems internationally. It was feared that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic could overrun the Irish healthcare system. ... ...

Abstract	Aims: Europe has found itself at the epicentre of the COVID-19 pandemic. Naturally, this has placed added strain onto healthcare systems internationally. It was feared that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic could overrun the Irish healthcare system. As such, the Irish government opted to introduce a national lockdown on the 27 March 2020 in an attempt to stem the flow of admissions to hospitals. Similar lockdowns in the UK and New Zealand have resulted in reduced emergency department presentations and trauma admissions. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the national lockdown on trauma presentations to a model-3 hospital in Dublin, Ireland. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. All emergency department presentations between 27 March 2019 to 27 April 2020 and 27 March 2020 to 27 April 2020 were cross-referenced against the National Integrated Medical Imaging System-Picture Archiving Communication System (NIMIS-PACS) radiology system to identify those with radiologically proven skeletal trauma. These patients were grouped according to sex, age, discharge outcome, mechanism of injury, and injury location. Results: A 21% decrease in radiologically proven trauma was observed on comparison with the same time-period last year. Additionally, a 40% reduction in trauma admissions was observed during the COVID-19 lockdown. A 60% reduction in sports-related injuries and road traffic accident-related injuries was noted during the national lockdown. However, a 17% increase was observed in patients sustaining trauma because of domestic accidents. Conclusion: Variation was observed in both the volume and nature of trauma presentations during the COVID-19 lockdown. As would be expected, a reduction was seen in the number of injuries resulting from outdoor activities. Interestingly, increased rates of domestic injuries were seen during this period which could represent an unintended consequence of the prolonged period of lockdown.Cite this article:
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2633-1462
ISSN (online)	2633-1462
DOI	10.1302/2046-3758.16.BJO-2020-0040.R1
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Book ; Online: The origin of the lattice thermal conductivity enhancement at the ferroelectric phase transition in GeTe

Dangić, Đorđe / Hellman, Olle / Fahy, Stephen / Savić, Ivana

2020

Abstract: The proximity to structural phase transitions in IV-VI thermoelectric materials is one of the main reasons for their large phonon anharmonicity and intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity $\kappa$. However, the $\kappa$ of GeTe increases at the ... ...

Abstract	The proximity to structural phase transitions in IV-VI thermoelectric materials is one of the main reasons for their large phonon anharmonicity and intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity $\kappa$. However, the $\kappa$ of GeTe increases at the ferroelectric phase transition near $700$ K. Using first-principles calculations with the temperature dependent effective potential method, we show that this rise in $\kappa$ is the consequence of negative thermal expansion in the rhombohedral phase and increase in the phonon lifetimes in the high-symmetry phase. Negative thermal expansion increases phonon group velocities, which counteracts enhanced anharmonicity of phonon modes and boosts $\kappa$ close to the phase transition in the rhombohedral phase. A drastic decrease in the anharmonic force constants in the cubic phase increases the phonon lifetimes and $\kappa$. Strong anharmonicity near the phase transition induces non-Lorentzian shapes of the phonon power spectra. To account for these effects, we implement a novel method of calculating $\kappa$ based on the Green-Kubo approach and find that the Boltzmann transport equation underestimates $\kappa$ near the phase transition. Our findings elucidate the influence of structural phase transitions on $\kappa$ and provide guidance for design of better thermoelectric materials.
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Subject code	539
Publishing date	2020-12-15
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: First-principles calculation of femtosecond symmetry-breaking atomic forces in photoexcited bismuth.

Murray, Éamonn D / Fahy, Stephen

Physical review letters

2015 Volume 114, Issue 5, Page(s) 55502

Abstract: We present a first-principles method for the calculation of the polarization-dependent atomic forces resulting from optical excitation in a solid. We calculate the induced force driving the E(g) phonon mode in bismuth immediately after absorption of ... ...

Abstract	We present a first-principles method for the calculation of the polarization-dependent atomic forces resulting from optical excitation in a solid. We calculate the induced force driving the E(g) phonon mode in bismuth immediately after absorption of polarized light. When radiation with polarization perpendicular to the c axis is absorbed, the photoexcited charge density breaks the threefold rotational symmetry, leading to an atomic force component perpendicular to the axis. We calculate the initial excited electronic distribution as a function of photon energy and polarization and find the resulting atomic force components parallel and perpendicular to the axis. The magnitude of the calculated force is in excellent agreement with that derived from recent measurements of the amplitude of E(g) atomic motion and the decay time of several femtoseconds for the driving force.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.055502
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Book ; Online: Temperature induced band convergence, intervalley scattering and thermoelectric transport in p-type PbTe

D'Souza, Ransell / Querales-Flores, José D. / Cao, Jiang / Fahy, Stephen / Savić, Ivana

2022

Abstract: Achieving high valley degeneracy (i.e. "band convergence") in a material usually results in considerably enhanced thermoelectric properties. However, it is still unclear why this strategy of designing efficient thermoelectric materials is so successful, ... ...

Abstract	Achieving high valley degeneracy (i.e. "band convergence") in a material usually results in considerably enhanced thermoelectric properties. However, it is still unclear why this strategy of designing efficient thermoelectric materials is so successful, since the benefit of increased density of states may be severely degraded by intervalley scattering. Using first-principles calculations, we investigate these effects in $p$-type PbTe, where temperature induces alignment of the $L$ and $\Sigma$ valleys at $\sim$~620~K. We explicitly show that the thermoelectric power factor and figure of merit peak near the band convergence temperature. The figure of merit maximum is larger than those of the individual $L$ and $\Sigma$ valleys. Surprisingly, intervalley scattering does not considerably affect the figure of merit near the band convergence temperature and optimal doping conditions, although it reduces the power factor by almost a factor of 2. Our results suggest that band convergence will significantly increase the figure of merit if intervalley scattering is roughly proportional to the density of states and the lattice thermal conductivity is considerably lower than the electronic thermal conductivity, even if intervalley scattering is strong. Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, Journal publication
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Materials Science ; Physics - Computational Physics
Subject code	530
Publishing date	2022-05-27
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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