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Article: Editorial: Engineered Targeted Cancer Immunotherapies.

Fantini, Massimo / Bei, Roberto

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) 953175

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2649216-7
ISSN	2234-943X
ISSN	2234-943X
DOI	10.3389/fonc.2022.953175
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Article ; Online: Corrigendum to "Telemedicine in inflammatory bowel disease from its origin to the post pandemic golden age: A narrative review" [Digestive and Liver Disease, Volume 56, Issue 1, January 2024, Pages 1-6].

Fantini, Massimo Claudio / Loddo, Erica / Di Petrillo, Amalia / Onali, Sara

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver

2024

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	1459373-7
ISSN	1878-3562 ; 1125-8055
ISSN (online)	1878-3562
ISSN	1125-8055
DOI	10.1016/j.dld.2024.03.017
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Article ; Online: Potentiation of natural killer cells to overcome cancer resistance to NK cell-based therapy and to enhance antibody-based immunotherapy.

Fantini, Massimo / Arlen, Philip Martin / Tsang, Kwong Yok

Frontiers in immunology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1275904

Abstract: Natural killer (NK) cells are cellular components of the innate immune system that can recognize and suppress the proliferation of cancer cells. NK cells can eliminate cancer cells through direct lysis, by secreting perforin and granzymes, or through ... ...

Abstract	Natural killer (NK) cells are cellular components of the innate immune system that can recognize and suppress the proliferation of cancer cells. NK cells can eliminate cancer cells through direct lysis, by secreting perforin and granzymes, or through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). ADCC involves the binding of the Fc gamma receptor IIIa (CD16), present on NK cells, to the constant region of an antibody already bound to cancer cells. Cancer cells use several mechanisms to evade antitumor activity of NK cells, including the accumulation of inhibitory cytokines, recruitment and expansion of immune suppressor cells such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), modulation of ligands for NK cells receptors. Several strategies have been developed to enhance the antitumor activity of NK cells with the goal of overcoming cancer cells resistance to NK cells. The three main strategies to engineer and boost NK cells cytotoxicity include boosting NK cells with modulatory cytokines, adoptive NK cell therapy, and the employment of engineered NK cells to enhance antibody-based immunotherapy. Although the first two strategies improved the efficacy of NK cell-based therapy, there are still some limitations, including immune-related adverse events, induction of immune-suppressive cells and further cancer resistance to NK cell killing. One strategy to overcome these issues is the combination of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that mediate ADCC and engineered NK cells with potentiated anti-cancer activity. The advantage of using mAbs with ADCC activity is that they can activate NK cells, but also favor the accumulation of immune effector cells to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Several clinical trials reported that combining engineered NK cells with mAbs with ADCC activity can result in a superior clinical response compared to mAbs alone. Next generation of clinical trials, employing engineered NK cells with mAbs with higher affinity for CD16 expressed on NK cells, will provide more effective and higher-quality treatments to cancer patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Immunotherapy ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Tumor Microenvironment
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275904
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Article ; Online: From inflammation to colitis-associated colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: Pathogenesis and impact of current therapies.

Fantini, Massimo Claudio / Guadagni, Ilaria

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver

2021 Volume 53, Issue 5, Page(s) 558–565

Abstract: The risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is higher in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Population-based data from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) estimate that the risk of CRC is approximately 2- to 3-fold that of the general population; ... ...

Abstract	The risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is higher in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Population-based data from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) estimate that the risk of CRC is approximately 2- to 3-fold that of the general population; patients with Crohn's disease appear to have a similar increased risk. However, the true extent of colitis-associated cancer (CAC) in undertreated IBD is unclear. Data suggest that the size (i.e., severity and extent) and persistence of the inflammatory process is largely responsible for the development of CRC in IBD. As patients with IBD and CRC have a worse prognosis than those without a history of IBD, the impact of current therapies for IBD on CAC is of importance. Chronic inflammation of the gut has been shown to increase the risk of developing CAC in both UC and CD. Therefore, control of inflammation is pivotal to the prevention of CAC. This review presents an overview of the current knowledge of CAC in IBD patients, focusing on the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of CAC and the potential for IBD drugs to interfere with the process of carcinogenesis by reducing the inflammatory process or by modulating pathways directly involved in carcinogenesis.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Carcinogenesis/immunology ; Causality ; Colitis, Ulcerative/complications ; Colitis-Associated Neoplasms/complications ; Disease Progression ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Signal Transduction
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1459373-7
ISSN	1878-3562 ; 1125-8055
ISSN (online)	1878-3562
ISSN	1125-8055
DOI	10.1016/j.dld.2021.01.012
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Article ; Online: [No title information]

Caprioli, Flavio / Fantini, Massimo Claudio / Marando, Francesca / Scaduto, Dario / Ravasio, Roberto

Global & regional health technology assessment

2024 Volume 11, Page(s) 55–67

Title translation	Costo per
Language	Italian
Publishing date	2024-03-07
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2963961-X
ISSN	2283-5733 ; 2284-2403
ISSN (online)	2283-5733
ISSN	2284-2403
DOI	10.33393/grhta.2024.2658
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Article ; Online: Telemedicine in inflammatory bowel disease from its origin to the post pandemic golden age: A narrative review.

Fantini, Massimo Claudio / Loddo, Erica / Petrillo, Amalia Di / Onali, Sara

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver

2023 Volume 56, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–6

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic intestinal inflammatory disorder encompassing ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease can be disabling and often requires lifelong treatment and follow-up. Digital health technologies and distance-management ... ...

Abstract	Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic intestinal inflammatory disorder encompassing ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease can be disabling and often requires lifelong treatment and follow-up. Digital health technologies and distance-management tools are less costly alternatives for IBD management and clinical monitoring. This review discusses how telephone/videoconference appointments enable treatment optimization from an early disease stage, provide complementary value-based patient care and educational resources, and allow consistent follow-up with a high standard of care. Replacing/supplementing traditional clinical consultations with telemedicine reduces healthcare utilization costs and the need for in-person consultations. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the evolution of telemedicine in IBD, with several studies conducted since 2020 reporting high levels of patient satisfaction. Home-based injectable formulations coupled with telemedicine may become permanently embedded in healthcare systems in the post-pandemic period. While telemedicine consultations are well-accepted by many patients with IBD, they do not suit all patients or are not preferred (e.g., by elderly who do not have the means or ability to understand the associated technology). Ultimately, use of telemedicine should be decided by the patient and careful consideration is required to ensure that the patient is willing and capable of a successful remote visit.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Pandemics ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/therapy ; Telemedicine ; Health Care Costs ; Patient Satisfaction
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1459373-7
ISSN	1878-3562 ; 1125-8055
ISSN (online)	1878-3562
ISSN	1125-8055
DOI	10.1016/j.dld.2023.05.035
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Article ; Online: Inhibitory Effect of Quercetin on Oxidative Endogen Enzymes: A Focus on Putative Binding Modes.

Olla, Stefania / Siguri, Chiara / Fais, Antonella / Era, Benedetta / Fantini, Massimo Claudio / Di Petrillo, Amalia

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 20

Abstract: Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of the body to neutralize them by anti-oxidant defense systems. Cells can produce ROS during physiological processes, ... ...

Abstract	Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of the body to neutralize them by anti-oxidant defense systems. Cells can produce ROS during physiological processes, but excessive ROS can lead to non-specific and irreversible damage to biological molecules, such as DNA, lipids, and proteins. Mitochondria mainly produce endogenous ROS during both physiological and pathological conditions. Enzymes like nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX), xanthine oxidase (XO), lipoxygenase (LOX), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and monoamine oxidase (MAO) contribute to this process. The body has enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense systems to neutralize ROS. The intake of bioactive phenols, like quercetin (Que), can protect against pro-oxidative damage by quenching ROS through a non-enzymatic system. In this study, we evaluate the ability of Que to target endogenous oxidant enzymes involved in ROS production and explore the mechanisms of action underlying its anti-oxidant properties. Que can act as a free radical scavenger by donating electrons through the negative charges in its phenolic and ketone groups. Additionally, it can effectively inhibit the activity of several endogenous oxidative enzymes by binding them with high affinity and specificity. Que had the best molecular docking results with XO, followed by MAO-A, 5-LOX, NOX, and MPO. Que's binding to these enzymes was confirmed by subsequent molecular dynamics, revealing different stability phases depending on the enzyme bound. The 500 ns simulation showed a net evolution of binding for NOX and MPO. These findings suggest that Que has potential as a natural therapy for diseases related to oxidative stress.
MeSH term(s)	Quercetin/pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Oxidative Stress ; Xanthine Oxidase/metabolism ; Monoamine Oxidase/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Quercetin (9IKM0I5T1E) ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Antioxidants ; Xanthine Oxidase (EC 1.17.3.2) ; Monoamine Oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms242015391
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Article ; Online: GPR120/FFAR4: A Potential New Therapeutic Target for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Di Petrillo, Amalia / Kumar, Amit / Onali, Sara / Favale, Agnese / Fantini, Massimo Claudio

Inflammatory bowel diseases

2023 Volume 29, Issue 12, Page(s) 1981–1989

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease, whose major forms are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gut due to the loss of tolerance toward antigens normally contained in the gut lumen. G protein-coupled receptor ( ... ...

Abstract	Inflammatory bowel disease, whose major forms are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gut due to the loss of tolerance toward antigens normally contained in the gut lumen. G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 120 has gained considerable attention as a potential therapeutic target for metabolic disorders due to its implication in the production of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 and the secretion of cholecystokinin. Recent studies have also highlighted the role of GPR120 in regulating immune system activity and inflammation. GPR120, expressed by intestinal epithelial cells, proinflammatory macrophages, enteroendocrine L cells, and CD4+ T cells, suppresses proinflammatory and enhances anti-inflammatory cytokine production, suggesting that GPR120 might have a pivotal role in intestinal inflammation and represent a possible therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease. This narrative review aims at summarizing the role of GPR120 in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis through the analysis of the most recent studies.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/drug therapy ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Enteroendocrine Cells
Chemical Substances	Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1340971-2
ISSN	1536-4844 ; 1078-0998
ISSN (online)	1536-4844
ISSN	1078-0998
DOI	10.1093/ibd/izad161
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Article: Quercetin and its derivates as antiviral potentials: A comprehensive review

Di Petrillo, Amalia / Orrù, Germano / Fais, Antonella / Fantini, Massimo C.

Phytotherapy research. 2022 Jan., v. 36, no. 1

2022

Abstract: Quercetin, widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, is a flavonoid known for its antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, and antiinflammatory properties. Several studies highlight the potential use of quercetin as an antiviral, due to its ability to ... ...

Abstract	Quercetin, widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, is a flavonoid known for its antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, and antiinflammatory properties. Several studies highlight the potential use of quercetin as an antiviral, due to its ability to inhibit the initial stages of virus infection, to be able to interact with proteases important for viral replication, and to reduce inflammation caused by infection. Quercetin could also be useful in combination with other drugs to potentially enhance the effects or synergistically interact with them, in order to reduce their side effects and related toxicity. Since there is no comprehensive compilation about antiviral activities of quercetin and derivates, the aim of this review is providing a summary of their antiviral activities on a set of human viral infections along with mechanisms of action. Thus, the following family of viruses are examined: Flaviviridae, Herpesviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Coronaviridae, Hepadnaviridae, Retroviridae, Picornaviridae, Pneumoviridae, and Filoviridae.
Keywords	Coronaviridae ; Filoviridae ; Flaviviridae ; Hepadnaviridae ; Herpesviridae ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Picornaviridae ; Pneumoviridae ; Retroviridae ; antioxidants ; humans ; inflammation ; phytotherapy ; proteinases ; quercetin ; research ; toxicity ; virus replication ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-01
Size	p. 266-278.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Document type	Article
Note	REVIEW
ZDB-ID	639136-9
ISSN	1099-1573 ; 0951-418X
ISSN (online)	1099-1573
ISSN	0951-418X
DOI	10.1002/ptr.7309
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Quercetin and its derivates as antiviral potentials: A comprehensive review.

Di Petrillo, Amalia / Orrù, Germano / Fais, Antonella / Fantini, Massimo C

Phytotherapy research : PTR

2021 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 266–278

Abstract	Quercetin, widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, is a flavonoid known for its antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, and antiinflammatory properties. Several studies highlight the potential use of quercetin as an antiviral, due to its ability to inhibit the initial stages of virus infection, to be able to interact with proteases important for viral replication, and to reduce inflammation caused by infection. Quercetin could also be useful in combination with other drugs to potentially enhance the effects or synergistically interact with them, in order to reduce their side effects and related toxicity. Since there is no comprehensive compilation about antiviral activities of quercetin and derivates, the aim of this review is providing a summary of their antiviral activities on a set of human viral infections along with mechanisms of action. Thus, the following family of viruses are examined: Flaviviridae, Herpesviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Coronaviridae, Hepadnaviridae, Retroviridae, Picornaviridae, Pneumoviridae, and Filoviridae.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Flavonoids/pharmacology ; Humans ; Quercetin/pharmacology ; Quercetin/therapeutic use ; Virus Diseases/drug therapy ; Virus Replication
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Flavonoids ; Quercetin (9IKM0I5T1E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	639136-9
ISSN	1099-1573 ; 0951-418X
ISSN (online)	1099-1573
ISSN	0951-418X
DOI	10.1002/ptr.7309
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