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Article: Pathomechanisms of Prenatally Programmed Adult Diseases.

Sulyok, Endre / Farkas, Balint / Bodis, Jozsef

2023 Volume 12, Issue 7

Abstract: Based on epidemiological observations Barker et al. put forward the hypothesis/concept that an adverse intrauterine environment (involving an insufficient nutrient supply, chronic hypoxia, stress, and toxic substances) is an important risk factor for the ...

Abstract	Based on epidemiological observations Barker et al. put forward the hypothesis/concept that an adverse intrauterine environment (involving an insufficient nutrient supply, chronic hypoxia, stress, and toxic substances) is an important risk factor for the development of chronic diseases later in life. The fetus responds to the unfavorable environment with adaptive reactions, which ensure survival in the short run, but at the expense of initiating pathological processes leading to adult diseases. In this review, the major mechanisms (including telomere dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, and cardiovascular-renal-endocrine-metabolic reactions) will be outlined, with a particular emphasis on the role of oxidative stress in the fetal origin of adult diseases.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox12071354
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Article ; Online: Pathomechanisms of Prenatally Programmed Adult Diseases

Sulyok, Endre / Farkas, Bálint / Bódis, József

Antioxidants. 2023 June 28, v. 12, no. 7

2023

Abstract	Based on epidemiological observations Barker et al. put forward the hypothesis/concept that an adverse intrauterine environment (involving an insufficient nutrient supply, chronic hypoxia, stress, and toxic substances) is an important risk factor for the development of chronic diseases later in life. The fetus responds to the unfavorable environment with adaptive reactions, which ensure survival in the short run, but at the expense of initiating pathological processes leading to adult diseases. In this review, the major mechanisms (including telomere dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, and cardiovascular–renal–endocrine–metabolic reactions) will be outlined, with a particular emphasis on the role of oxidative stress in the fetal origin of adult diseases.
Keywords	adults ; epigenetics ; fetus ; hypoxia ; oxidative stress ; risk factors ; telomeres ; toxicity
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0628
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox12071354
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Article ; Online: A magzatok intrapartum monitorizálásának lehetőségei elhízott várandósokban.

Rácz, Sándor / Kovács, Kálmán / Bódis, József / Farkas, Bálint

Orvosi hetilap

2022 Volume 163, Issue 33, Page(s) 1311–1317

Abstract: Obesity, as an epidemic, is one of the major public health challenges of the 21st century. It affects more and more people annually, and through its numerous negative psychological and physical effects as a risk factor it increases the morbidity and ... ...

Abstract	Obesity, as an epidemic, is one of the major public health challenges of the 21st century. It affects more and more people annually, and through its numerous negative psychological and physical effects as a risk factor it increases the morbidity and mortality of several diseases. It has a major impact on pregnancy; it is well established that both infertility and abortion is more common among obese women. During pregnancy, obesity increases the risk of intrapartum complications, affects the way of delivery, and has an impact on fetal development. Obesity puts an extra burden on the already overloaded maternal circulation, leading to electrophysiological deviations. Increased maternal fat tissue limits the assessment of fetal well-being during labor, which is external fetal monitoring (cardiotocography, CTG) nowadays. It has the advantage of being non-invasive, although subjectivity in the interpretation of the CTG trace and discrepancies in the analysis decreases the sensitivity and the reliability of the method. The current review aims to summarize what kind of intrapartum methods are currently available to have a better assessment of the fetal well-being, and to achieve better perinatal outcomes in the case of obese mothers. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(33): 1311-1317.
MeSH term(s)	Cardiotocography ; Female ; Humans ; Labor, Obstetric ; Obesity/complications ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Care ; Reproducibility of Results
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-14
Publishing country	Hungary
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	123879-6
ISSN	1788-6120 ; 0030-6002
ISSN (online)	1788-6120
ISSN	0030-6002
DOI	10.1556/650.2022.32540
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Article ; Online: Towards a Koopman theory for dynamical systems on completely regular spaces.

Farkas, Bálint / Kreidler, Henrik

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences

2020 Volume 378, Issue 2185, Page(s) 20190617

Abstract: The Koopman linearization of measure-preserving systems or topological dynamical systems on compact spaces has proven to be extremely useful. In this article, we look at dynamics given by continuous semiflows on completely regular spaces, which arise ... ...

Abstract	The Koopman linearization of measure-preserving systems or topological dynamical systems on compact spaces has proven to be extremely useful. In this article, we look at dynamics given by continuous semiflows on completely regular spaces, which arise naturally from solutions of PDEs. We introduce Koopman semigroups for these semiflows on spaces of bounded continuous functions. As a first step we study their continuity properties as well as their infinitesimal generators. We then characterize them algebraically (via derivations) and lattice theoretically (via Kato's equality). Finally, we demonstrate-using the example of attractors-how this Koopman approach can be used to examine properties of dynamical systems. This article is part of the theme issue 'Semigroup applications everywhere'.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208381-4
ISSN	1471-2962 ; 0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952 ; 1364-503X
ISSN (online)	1471-2962
ISSN	0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952 ; 1364-503X
DOI	10.1098/rsta.2019.0617
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Article ; Online: The Role of L-Arginine-NO System in Female Reproduction: A Narrative Review.

Bodis, Jozsef / Farkas, Balint / Nagy, Bernadett / Kovacs, Kalman / Sulyok, Endre

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 23

Abstract: Accumulating evidence are available on the involvement of l-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) system in complex biological processes and numerous clinical conditions. Particular attention was made to reveal the association of l-arginine and methylarginines to ... ...

Abstract	Accumulating evidence are available on the involvement of l-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) system in complex biological processes and numerous clinical conditions. Particular attention was made to reveal the association of l-arginine and methylarginines to outcome measures of women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). This review attempts to summarize the expression and function of the essential elements of this system with particular reference to the different stages of female reproduction. A literature search was performed on the PubMed and Google Scholar systems. Publications were selected for evaluation according to the results presented in the Abstract. The regulatory role of NO during the period of folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation, fertilization, embryogenesis, implantation, placentation, pregnancy, and delivery was surveyed. The major aspects of cellular l-arginine uptake via cationic amino acid transporters (CATs), arginine catabolism by nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) to NO and l-citrulline and by arginase to ornithine, and polyamines are presented. The importance of NOS inhibition by methylated arginines and the redox-sensitive elements of the process of NO generation are also shown. The l-arginine-NO system plays a crucial role in all stages of female reproduction. Insufficiently low or excessively high rates of NO generation may have adverse influences on IVF outcome.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Arginine/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism ; Arginase/metabolism ; Ornithine/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Arginine (94ZLA3W45F) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Arginase (EC 3.5.3.1) ; Ornithine (E524N2IXA3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms232314908
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Article ; Online: Validation and translation of the Hungarian version of the Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire (APFQ-H).

Hock, Márta / Tiringer, István / Ambrus, Eszter / Németh, Zoltán / Farkas, Bálint

International urogynecology journal

2022 Volume 34, Issue 6, Page(s) 1187–1194

Abstract: Introduction and hypothesis: The aims of the study were the translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of self-administered Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire (APFQ) on a Hungarian population.: Methods: The validation was performed in 294 ... ...

Abstract	Introduction and hypothesis: The aims of the study were the translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of self-administered Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire (APFQ) on a Hungarian population. Methods: The validation was performed in 294 women over 18 who agreed to answer the Hungarian version of the APFQ. The validation of the questionnaire included evaluation of content/face validity, internal consistency, construct validity, test-retest reproducibility, discriminant validity and convergent validity. Results: Acceptable and good internal consistency was observed in all four dimensions [McDonald's ω (95% confidence interval) coefficients were > 0.7 for each dimension: bladder 0.888, bowel 0.790, prolapse 0.895 and sexual function 0.738]. Test-retest analyses revealed high reproducibility with intraclass correlation coefficients (bladder 0.83, bowel 0.92, prolapse 0.96 and sexual function 0.87). Prolapse symptom score correlated significantly with Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q), and bladder score correlated significantly with the results of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ UI SF) (convergent validity). Scores distinguished between patients with pelvic floor disorders and controls (high discriminant validity). Conclusions: Hungarian version of the self-administered APFQ is a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating symptom severity and impact of pelvic floor dysfunction on the quality of life of Hungarian women.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Australia ; Hungary ; Pelvic Floor ; Pelvic Floor Disorders/diagnosis ; Pelvic Organ Prolapse/diagnosis ; Quality of Life ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urinary Incontinence/diagnosis ; Translating
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	1050631-7
ISSN	1433-3023 ; 0937-3462
ISSN (online)	1433-3023
ISSN	0937-3462
DOI	10.1007/s00192-022-05322-2
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Article ; Online: Female urethral dilatation (bougierung): a case report.

Farkas, Balint / Szakacs, Miklos

Journal of medical case reports

2018 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 382

Abstract: Background: Primary bladder neck obstruction is a rare clinical entity, reported to be responsible for 2.7-8% of lower urinary tract symptoms. It can lead to various urinary storage and voiding symptoms. The mainstay of treatment of female urethral ... ...

Abstract	Background: Primary bladder neck obstruction is a rare clinical entity, reported to be responsible for 2.7-8% of lower urinary tract symptoms. It can lead to various urinary storage and voiding symptoms. The mainstay of treatment of female urethral strictures is urethral dilatation. Despite the long history of this method, it is unclear how far the female urethra should be dilated in correlation with residual urine volume. Case presentation: A 79-year-old Caucasian woman presented to our institute with urgency (12-15 times/day), nocturia (3 times/night), and reoccurring urinary tract infections. A physical examination revealed no anatomical malformation in her genital organs, 150 mL post-void urine retention, and a significant narrowing in the mid-segment of the urethra (4 mm). After informed consent, our patient underwent urethral dilatation ranging from Ch9 (3 mm) to Ch39 (13 mm), and reported no symptoms at the 4-week follow-up, with no post-void residual urine. Conclusions: The relatively low (around 50%) success rate of urethral dilatation might be improved by the utilization of wider dilatators, and the relaxation of the pubourethral ligament, achieved by a gentle downward saggital push during the intervention, although long-term studies with a large number of participants are necessary to prove our hypothesis.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Dilatation ; Female ; Humans ; Nocturia/etiology ; Nocturia/prevention & control ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethral Stricture/physiopathology ; Urethral Stricture/surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction/complications ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction/physiopathology ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction/surgery ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2269805-X
ISSN	1752-1947 ; 1752-1947
ISSN (online)	1752-1947
ISSN	1752-1947
DOI	10.1186/s13256-018-1900-z
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Article ; Online: Can we define excess vaginal space? - Genital hiatus size and prolapse severity are correlated with cube pessary size.

Nemeth, Zoltan / Farkas, Nelli / Farkas, Balint

European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology

2020 Volume 253, Page(s) 61–64

Abstract: Objective: Prior studies demonstrated a positive association between increased genital hiatus (GH), advanced prolapse stage and levator ani muscle injury. Moreover wide GH is an established risk factor for recurrent pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Since ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Prior studies demonstrated a positive association between increased genital hiatus (GH), advanced prolapse stage and levator ani muscle injury. Moreover wide GH is an established risk factor for recurrent pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Since excess vaginal space is not yet a dimension to estimate in Pelvic Organ Prolapse, we hypothesized that excess vaginal space has a positive correlation with increased GH and could be a new aspect for the assessment of the severity of POP and underlying pelvic muscle damage. We attempted to quantify excess vaginal space by different volumes of different cube pessary sizes. Study design: In a prospective study, 716 symptomatic POP patients without any prior operations were enrolled from January 2011 to December 2017. All patients suffered from stage 2 POP or greater, where either the anterior, middle or posterior compartments or combinations of these were affected. As a conservative self-therapy, space-filling (Dr. Arabin®) cube pessaries were fitted. The size of each was individually adapted for each woman. For data analysis we used Spearman correlation test and Nonparametric statistical test. Results: All patients included in the study were asymptomatic one week after fitting the pessary. We revealed a positive significant correlation between the genital hiatus (GH) and the size of the cube pessary (ƍ = 0.777,p ≤ 0.001). We also found a positive significant correlation between the size of the cube pessaries and the POP-Q stage. We also managed to find significant differences between cube pessary sizes and corresponding GH values. Conclusions: Cube pessary sizes may indicate the amount of excess vaginal space. Since excess vaginal space significantly correlates with the increase of the genital hiatus, it could be consider - as well as GH - as a marker for advanced prolapse stage, and a risk factor for the recurrence of pelvic organ prolapse.More studies are needed to identify factors related to excess vaginal space.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Pelvic Floor/diagnostic imaging ; Pelvic Organ Prolapse/therapy ; Pessaries ; Prospective Studies ; Vagina/diagnostic imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-02
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	190605-7
ISSN	1872-7654 ; 0301-2115 ; 0028-2243
ISSN (online)	1872-7654
ISSN	0301-2115 ; 0028-2243
DOI	10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.07.046
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Article: Tissue Sodium Accumulation: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications.

Sulyok, Endre / Farkas, Bálint / Nagy, Bernadett / Várnagy, Ákos / Kovács, Kálmán / Bódis, József

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 4

Abstract: Excessive sodium intake has been well established as a risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular and renal diseases. Its adverse effects are achieved by renal sodium retention and related volume expansion and by inducing low-grade ...

Abstract	Excessive sodium intake has been well established as a risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular and renal diseases. Its adverse effects are achieved by renal sodium retention and related volume expansion and by inducing low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) in the target tissues. This review presents the recent concept of nonosmotic sodium storage in the skin interstitium, the subsequent dissociation of sodium and volume homeostasis, and the cellular response to the increased tissue sodium concentration. Furthermore, data are shown on the sodium barrier and buffering potential of the endothelial glycocalyx that may protect the functional integrity of the endothelium when it is challenged by an increased sodium load. Finally, examples will be given of the involvement of oxygen free radicals (OFR) in sodium-induced tissue damage, and some clinical entities will be mentioned that are causally associated with sodium/volume retention and OS.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox11040750
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Article ; Online: A kismedencei szervek süllyedésének és a női terheléses vizeletvesztésnek a konzervatív és sebészi kezelése Magyarországon.

Kolumbán, Szilárd / Kovács, Kálmán / Majoros, Attila / Németh, Zoltán / Bódis, József / Farkas, Bálint

Orvosi hetilap

2022 Volume 163, Issue 52, Page(s) 2072–2078

Abstract: Introduction and objective: As clinical guidelines are available for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence, but not pelvic organ prolapse, in Hungary, the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse varies widely throughout the country and is not ... ...

Title translation	Conservative and surgical treatments performed for symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence in Hungary.
Abstract	Introduction and objective: As clinical guidelines are available for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence, but not pelvic organ prolapse, in Hungary, the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse varies widely throughout the country and is not standardized. Due to the establishment of the Hungarian Continence and Urogynecological Association, we aimed to determine current conservative and surgical treatment trends and strategies for these conditions in Hungary and compare them with international practice. Method: An online questionnaire consisting of 20 multiple-choice, checkbox, multiple-choice grid, and short-answer items was sent to 40 urology and 65 gynecology departments in Hungary in September and October 2021. Results: The overall response rate was 24.76%. Almost all (96.15%) respondents reported that conservative treatment options were offered as first-line therapy to patients with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse. For symptomatic anterior-wall prolapse, anterior repair, and laparoscopic sacrohysteropexy/sacrocolpopexy were the preferred surgical options (by 28.96% and 27.42% of respondents, respectively). For apical prolapse, laparoscopic sacrofixation was the first-choice treatment (35.88%). For stress urinary incontinence, mid-urethral sling insertion with a transobturator (61.53%) or retropubic (15%) approach was the preferred intervention. Conclusion: The low overall response rate in this study alone reflects the current condition of Hungarian urogynecology. Our findings might provide a good basis for the improvement and refinement of diagnosis and therapy for female urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in the country. As Hungary is a new affiliated partner of the European Urogynecological Association, we hope that this goal can be achieved soon. In addition, a curriculum for urogynecological specialization is needed. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(52): 2072-2078.
Language	Hungarian
Publishing date	2022-12-25
Publishing country	Hungary
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123879-6
ISSN	1788-6120 ; 0030-6002
ISSN (online)	1788-6120
ISSN	0030-6002
DOI	10.1556/650.2022.32681
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