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  1. Article ; Online: Analytical Challenges and Opportunities For Indoor Air Chemistry Field Studies.

    Farmer, Delphine K

    Analytical chemistry

    2019  Volume 91, Issue 6, Page(s) 3761–3767

    Abstract: Despite the vast time humans spend indoors, indoor air is far less well chemically characterized than the outdoor atmosphere. Advanced instrumentation for measurement of reactive trace gases, particles, and surfaces is enabling a renaissance in indoor ... ...

    Abstract Despite the vast time humans spend indoors, indoor air is far less well chemically characterized than the outdoor atmosphere. Advanced instrumentation for measurement of reactive trace gases, particles, and surfaces is enabling a renaissance in indoor chemistry; this Feature highlights the challenges and opportunities for analytical chemistry in the built environment.
    MeSH term(s) Air/analysis ; Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical/instrumentation ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical/methods ; Gases/analysis ; Limit of Detection
    Chemical Substances Gases
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1508-8
    ISSN 1520-6882 ; 0003-2700
    ISSN (online) 1520-6882
    ISSN 0003-2700
    DOI 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00277
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Unintended Consequences of Air Cleaning Chemistry.

    Collins, Douglas B / Farmer, Delphine K

    Environmental science & technology

    2021  Volume 55, Issue 18, Page(s) 12172–12179

    Abstract: Amplified interest in maintaining clean indoor air associated with the airborne transmission risks of SARS-CoV-2 have led to an expansion in the market for commercially available air cleaning systems. While the optimal way to mitigate indoor air ... ...

    Abstract Amplified interest in maintaining clean indoor air associated with the airborne transmission risks of SARS-CoV-2 have led to an expansion in the market for commercially available air cleaning systems. While the optimal way to mitigate indoor air pollutants or contaminants is to control (remove) the source, air cleaners are a tool for use when absolute source control is not possible. Interventions for indoor air quality management include physical removal of pollutants through ventilation or collection on filters and sorbent materials, along with chemically reactive processes that transform pollutants or seek to deactivate biological entities. This perspective intends to highlight the perhaps unintended consequences of various air cleaning approaches via indoor air chemistry. Introduction of new chemical agents or reactive processes can initiate complex chemistry that results in the release of reactive intermediates and/or byproducts into the indoor environment. Since air cleaning systems are often continuously running to maximize their effectiveness and most people spend a vast majority of their time indoors, human exposure to both primary and secondary products from air cleaners may represent significant exposure risk. This
    MeSH term(s) Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Ventilation
    Chemical Substances Air Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.1c02582
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  3. Article ; Online: A Chemical Perspective on Climate: Emerging Research into Atmospheric Chemistry Impacts on Earth's Radiative Balance.

    Farmer, Delphine K / Prather, Kimberly A

    Accounts of chemical research

    2020  Volume 53, Issue 11, Page(s) 2496–2497

    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1483291-4
    ISSN 1520-4898 ; 0001-4842
    ISSN (online) 1520-4898
    ISSN 0001-4842
    DOI 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00577
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  4. Article ; Online: Measuring Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchange of Short-Lived Climate Forcers and Their Precursors.

    Farmer, Delphine K / Riches, Mj

    Accounts of chemical research

    2020  Volume 53, Issue 8, Page(s) 1427–1435

    Abstract: Exchange of reactive trace gases over the biosphere is a key source of reactive organic carbon to the atmosphere and thus influences the formation of both ozone ( ... ...

    Abstract Exchange of reactive trace gases over the biosphere is a key source of reactive organic carbon to the atmosphere and thus influences the formation of both ozone (O
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1483291-4
    ISSN 1520-4898 ; 0001-4842
    ISSN (online) 1520-4898
    ISSN 0001-4842
    DOI 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00203
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Real-Time Measurement of Herbicides in the Atmosphere: A Case Study of MCPA and 2,4-D during Field Application.

    Murschell, Trey / Farmer, Delphine K

    Toxics

    2019  Volume 7, Issue 3

    Abstract: Atmospheric sources of herbicides enable short- and long-range transport of these compounds to off-target areas but the concentrations and mechanisms are poorly understood due, in part, to the challenge of detecting these compounds in the atmosphere. We ... ...

    Abstract Atmospheric sources of herbicides enable short- and long-range transport of these compounds to off-target areas but the concentrations and mechanisms are poorly understood due, in part, to the challenge of detecting these compounds in the atmosphere. We present chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry as a sensitive, real-time technique to detect chlorinated phenoxy acid herbicides in the atmosphere, using measurements during and after application over a field at Colorado State University as a case study. Gas-phase 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) mixing ratios were greatest during application (up to 20 ppt
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2733883-6
    ISSN 2305-6304 ; 2305-6304
    ISSN (online) 2305-6304
    ISSN 2305-6304
    DOI 10.3390/toxics7030040
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Atmospheric OH oxidation chemistry of trifluralin and acetochlor.

    Murschell, Trey / Farmer, Delphine K

    Environmental science. Processes & impacts

    2019  Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) 650–658

    Abstract: Trifluralin and acetochlor are two nitrogen-containing current use herbicides. While both herbicides have been observed in the atmosphere and have the potential to undergo atmospheric oxidation before deposition to off-target areas, the atmospheric ... ...

    Abstract Trifluralin and acetochlor are two nitrogen-containing current use herbicides. While both herbicides have been observed in the atmosphere and have the potential to undergo atmospheric oxidation before deposition to off-target areas, the atmospheric photooxidation chemistry of these species is poorly understood. We use an oxidative flow reactor to expose the two herbicides to increasing concentrations of OH radicals, detecting pesticides and products using an iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometer. We identify new oxidation products and propose photooxidation mechanisms for trifluralin and acetochlor. Both herbicides contain reduced organic nitrogen atoms, and their OH oxidation produces isocyanic acid. While aerosol was observed in the flow reactor only for acetochlor, our results indicate that OH oxidation of neither herbicide would contribute to secondary organic aerosol formation under typical ambient atmospheric conditions. However, high wall losses of both pesticides in the flow reactor suggests that partitioning to pre-existing aerosol may occur and enable subsequent transport in the atmosphere.
    MeSH term(s) Aerosols ; Air Pollutants/chemistry ; Atmosphere ; Herbicides/chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Toluidines/chemistry ; Trifluralin/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Aerosols ; Air Pollutants ; Herbicides ; Toluidines ; acetochlor (8L08WMO94K) ; Trifluralin (C8BX46QL7K)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703814-2
    ISSN 2050-7895 ; 2050-7887
    ISSN (online) 2050-7895
    ISSN 2050-7887
    DOI 10.1039/c8em00507a
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 7401: Show issues

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  7. Article ; Online: From the HOMEChem frying pan to the outdoor atmosphere: chemical composition, volatility distributions and fate of cooking aerosol.

    Pothier, Matson A / Boedicker, Erin / Pierce, Jeffrey R / Vance, Marina / Farmer, Delphine K

    Environmental science. Processes & impacts

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 314–325

    Abstract: Cooking organic aerosol (COA) is frequently observed in urban field studies. Like other forms of organic aerosol, cooking emissions partition between gas and particle phases; a quantitative understanding of the species volatility governing this ... ...

    Abstract Cooking organic aerosol (COA) is frequently observed in urban field studies. Like other forms of organic aerosol, cooking emissions partition between gas and particle phases; a quantitative understanding of the species volatility governing this partitioning is essential to model the transport and fate of COA. However, few cooking-specific volatility measurements are available, and COA is often assumed to be semi-volatile. We use measurements from a thermodenuder coupled to an aerosol chemical speciation monitor during the HOMEChem study to investigate the chemical components and volatility of near-source COA. We found that fresh emissions of COA have three chemical components: a biomass burning-like component (COA
    MeSH term(s) Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution ; Atmosphere ; Aerosols/chemistry ; Cooking
    Chemical Substances Air Pollutants ; Aerosols
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703814-2
    ISSN 2050-7895 ; 2050-7887
    ISSN (online) 2050-7895
    ISSN 2050-7887
    DOI 10.1039/d2em00250g
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  8. Article ; Online: Indoor air: sources, chemistry and health effects.

    Farmer, Delphine K / Vance, Marina E

    Environmental science. Processes & impacts

    2019  Volume 21, Issue 8, Page(s) 1227–1228

    MeSH term(s) Air Pollutants/chemistry ; Air Pollutants/toxicity ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Air Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703814-2
    ISSN 2050-7895 ; 2050-7887
    ISSN (online) 2050-7895
    ISSN 2050-7887
    DOI 10.1039/c9em90035g
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  9. Article: Unintended Consequences of Air Cleaning Chemistry

    Collins, Douglas B. / Farmer, Delphine K.

    Environmental science & technology. 2021 Aug. 31, v. 55, no. 18

    2021  

    Abstract: Amplified interest in maintaining clean indoor air associated with the airborne transmission risks of SARS-CoV-2 have led to an expansion in the market for commercially available air cleaning systems. While the optimal way to mitigate indoor air ... ...

    Abstract Amplified interest in maintaining clean indoor air associated with the airborne transmission risks of SARS-CoV-2 have led to an expansion in the market for commercially available air cleaning systems. While the optimal way to mitigate indoor air pollutants or contaminants is to control (remove) the source, air cleaners are a tool for use when absolute source control is not possible. Interventions for indoor air quality management include physical removal of pollutants through ventilation or collection on filters and sorbent materials, along with chemically reactive processes that transform pollutants or seek to deactivate biological entities. This perspective intends to highlight the perhaps unintended consequences of various air cleaning approaches via indoor air chemistry. Introduction of new chemical agents or reactive processes can initiate complex chemistry that results in the release of reactive intermediates and/or byproducts into the indoor environment. Since air cleaning systems are often continuously running to maximize their effectiveness and most people spend a vast majority of their time indoors, human exposure to both primary and secondary products from air cleaners may represent significant exposure risk. This Perspective highlights the need for further study of chemically reactive air cleaning and disinfection methods before broader adoption.
    Keywords Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; air ; air quality ; airborne transmission ; disinfection ; humans ; markets ; people ; risk ; sorbents
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0831
    Size p. 12172-12179.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.1c02582
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: Atmospheric OH oxidation chemistry of trifluralin and acetochlor

    Murschell, Trey / Farmer, Delphine K

    Environmental science. 2019 Apr. 17, v. 21, no. 4

    2019  

    Abstract: Trifluralin and acetochlor are two nitrogen-containing current use herbicides. While both herbicides have been observed in the atmosphere and have the potential to undergo atmospheric oxidation before deposition to off-target areas, the atmospheric ... ...

    Abstract Trifluralin and acetochlor are two nitrogen-containing current use herbicides. While both herbicides have been observed in the atmosphere and have the potential to undergo atmospheric oxidation before deposition to off-target areas, the atmospheric photooxidation chemistry of these species is poorly understood. We use an oxidative flow reactor to expose the two herbicides to increasing concentrations of OH radicals, detecting pesticides and products using an iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometer. We identify new oxidation products and propose photooxidation mechanisms for trifluralin and acetochlor. Both herbicides contain reduced organic nitrogen atoms, and their OH oxidation produces isocyanic acid. While aerosol was observed in the flow reactor only for acetochlor, our results indicate that OH oxidation of neither herbicide would contribute to secondary organic aerosol formation under typical ambient atmospheric conditions. However, high wall losses of both pesticides in the flow reactor suggests that partitioning to pre-existing aerosol may occur and enable subsequent transport in the atmosphere.
    Keywords acetochlor ; aerosols ; environmental science ; free radicals ; hydroxyl radicals ; ionization ; organic nitrogen ; photooxidation ; spectrometers ; trifluralin
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0417
    Size p. 650-658.
    Publishing place The Royal Society of Chemistry
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2703814-2
    ISSN 2050-7895 ; 2050-7887
    ISSN (online) 2050-7895
    ISSN 2050-7887
    DOI 10.1039/c8em00507a
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 7401: Show issues

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