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  1. Article ; Online: Exact Quench Dynamics of the Floquet Quantum East Model at the Deterministic Point.

    Bertini, Bruno / De Fazio, Cecilia / Garrahan, Juan P / Klobas, Katja

    Physical review letters

    2024  Volume 132, Issue 12, Page(s) 120402

    Abstract: We study the nonequilibrium dynamics of the Floquet quantum East model (a Trotterized version of the kinetically constrained quantum East spin chain) at its "deterministic point," where evolution is defined in terms of CNOT permutation gates. We solve ... ...

    Abstract We study the nonequilibrium dynamics of the Floquet quantum East model (a Trotterized version of the kinetically constrained quantum East spin chain) at its "deterministic point," where evolution is defined in terms of CNOT permutation gates. We solve exactly the thermalization dynamics for a broad class of initial product states by means of "space evolution." We prove: (i) the entanglement of a block of spins grows at most at one-half the maximal speed allowed by locality (i.e., half the speed of dual-unitary circuits); (ii) if the block of spins is initially prepared in a classical configuration, speed of entanglement is a quarter of the maximum; (iii) thermalization to the infinite temperature state is reached exactly in a time that scales with the size of the block.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.120402
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Online: Exact "hydrophobicity" in deterministic circuits

    Klobas, Katja / De Fazio, Cecilia / Garrahan, Juan P.

    dynamical fluctuations in the Floquet-East model

    2023  

    Abstract: We study the dynamics of a classical circuit corresponding to a discrete-time deterministic kinetically constrained East model. We show that -- despite being deterministic -- this "Floquet-East" model displays pre-transition behaviour, which is a ... ...

    Abstract We study the dynamics of a classical circuit corresponding to a discrete-time deterministic kinetically constrained East model. We show that -- despite being deterministic -- this "Floquet-East" model displays pre-transition behaviour, which is a dynamical equivalent of the hydrophobic effect in water. By means of exact calculations we prove: (i) a change in scaling with size in the probability of inactive space-time regions (akin to the "energy-entropy" crossover of the solvation free energy in water), (ii) a first-order phase transition in the dynamical large deviations, (iii) the existence of the optimal geometry for local phase separation to accommodate space-time solutes, and (iv) a dynamical analog of "hydrophobic collapse". We discuss implications of these exact results for circuit dynamics more generally.

    Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures
    Keywords Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ; Nonlinear Sciences - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases
    Subject code 612
    Publishing date 2023-05-12
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and genotyping of

    Vacca, Paola / Fazio, Cecilia / Neri, Arianna / Ambrosio, Luigina / Carannante, Anna / Lista, Florigio / Fillo, Silvia / Ciammaruconi, Andrea / Fortunato, Antonella / Stefanelli, Paola

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2024  Volume 14, Page(s) 1272123

    Abstract: Background: In Italy the introduction of meningococcal C conjugate vaccine in 2005 has led to a significant reduction of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused by : Methods: Bacterial isolates and biological samples (blood or cerebrospinal fluid) ...

    Abstract Background: In Italy the introduction of meningococcal C conjugate vaccine in 2005 has led to a significant reduction of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused by
    Methods: Bacterial isolates and biological samples (blood or cerebrospinal fluid) from invasive meningococcal cases are collected and characterized at the National Reference Laboratory for IMD of Istituto Superiore di Sanità. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by MIC Test Strip Method and interpreted according to the EUCAST breakpoints guideline. Genotypic characteristics, including multi locus sequence typing (MLST), finetype, and antimicrobial resistance target genes were performed and analyzed using the PubMLST database. Genomic comparison of core genome MLST (cgMLST) of MenC genomes was also carried out.
    Results: From 2000 to 2020, a total of 665 MenC isolates were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility and 301 for genotyping. Over two decades, almost all MenC isolates resulted susceptible to antimicrobials with few isolates resulting resistant to ciprofloxacin (
    Conclusion: Wider application of the genomic analysis and monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility represent key aspects of IMD surveillance and to monitor the continued evolution of these hyperinvasive strains.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1272123
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: FHbp variants among meningococci of serogroup B in Italy: Evolution and selective pressure, 2014-2017.

    Lo Presti, Alessandra / Carannante, Anna / Fazio, Cecilia / Neri, Arianna / Vacca, Paola / Ambrosio, Luigina / Lista, Florigio / Fillo, Silvia / Stefanelli, Paola

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) e0277976

    Abstract: Background: Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus) is the causative agent of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). Meningococcus of serogroup B (MenB) is one of the main serogroup causing IMD. MenB strains may be prevented by meningococcal B vaccines. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus) is the causative agent of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). Meningococcus of serogroup B (MenB) is one of the main serogroup causing IMD. MenB strains may be prevented by meningococcal B vaccines. In particular, vaccines with Factor H-binding protein (FHbp), classified into two subfamilies (A or B) or in three variants (v1, v2 or v3), are those available. The objective of the study was to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of FHbp subfamilies A and B (variants v1, v2 or v3) genes and proteins, together with their evolution patterns and selective pressure.
    Materials and methods: Overall, alignments of FHbp nucleotide and protein sequence from 155 MenB samples collected in different parts of Italy, from 2014 to 2017, were analyzed by ClustalW. JModeltest and the Smart Model Selection software were used for the statistical selection of the best-fit substitution models for nucleotide and protein alignments. Site-specific positive and negative selection were estimated through the HYPHY package. The phylogenetic signal was investigated with the likelihood mapping method. The Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic reconstructions were performed with Phyml.
    Results: The phylogenic analysis identified different clusters within the FHbp subfamily A and B variants, confirming sequence diversity. The pattern of selective pressure in our study indicated that subfamily B FHbp sequences are subjected to greater variations and positive selective pressure respect to subfamily A, with 16 positively supported selected sites identified.
    Conclusion: The study pointed out the need for continued genomic surveillance for meningococci to monitor selective pressure and amino acidic changes. Monitoring the genetic diversity and molecular evolution of FHbp variants may be useful to investigate genetic diversity which may emerge over time.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Neisseria meningitidis/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Antigens, Bacterial/genetics ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Complement Factor H/genetics ; Serogroup ; Phylogeny ; Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup B/genetics ; Meningococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Meningococcal Infections/genetics ; Meningococcal Vaccines ; Italy
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Proteins ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Carrier Proteins ; Complement Factor H (80295-65-4) ; Meningococcal Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0277976
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Evaluating the effect of targeted strategies as control tools for hypervirulent meningococcal C outbreaks: a case study from Tuscany, Italy, 2015 to 2016.

    Guzzetta, Giorgio / Ajelli, Marco / Miglietta, Alessandro / Fazio, Cecilia / Neri, Arianna / Merler, Stefano / Rezza, Giovanni / Stefanelli, Paola

    Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 19

    Abstract: BackgroundMeningococcus ( ...

    Abstract BackgroundMeningococcus (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Italy/epidemiology ; Meningococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Meningococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Meningococcal Infections/microbiology ; Meningococcal Vaccines ; Neisseria meningitidis ; Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup C
    Chemical Substances Meningococcal Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-11
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1338803-4
    ISSN 1560-7917 ; 1025-496X
    ISSN (online) 1560-7917
    ISSN 1025-496X
    DOI 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.19.2200650
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Did social distancing measures deployed for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 control have an impact on invasive meningococcal disease?

    Stefanelli, Paola / Fazio, Cecilia / Vacca, Paola / Neri, Arianna / Ambrosio, Luigina / Rezza, Giovanni

    Pathogens and global health

    2021  Volume 116, Issue 4, Page(s) 263–265

    Abstract: We investigated the impact of social distancing measures, used to contain or mitigate SARS-CoV-2 spread, on the transmission of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Italy. To this end, the temporal correlation between the implementation of lockdown ... ...

    Abstract We investigated the impact of social distancing measures, used to contain or mitigate SARS-CoV-2 spread, on the transmission of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Italy. To this end, the temporal correlation between the implementation of lockdown measures in 2020 and IMD incidence was evaluated. A dramatic decline of IMD incidence was observed, suggesting that the measures applied to contain SARS-CoV-2 in Italy affected other infectious diseases transmitted through direct contact and droplets, at least in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control ; Humans ; Meningococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Meningococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Physical Distancing ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2625162-0
    ISSN 2047-7732 ; 2047-7724
    ISSN (online) 2047-7732
    ISSN 2047-7724
    DOI 10.1080/20477724.2021.1995657
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Estimates of the reproductive numbers and demographic reconstruction of outbreak associated with C:P1.5–1,10–8:F3–6:ST–11(cc11) Neisseria meningitidis strains

    Lo Presti, Alessandra / Vacca, Paola / Neri, Arianna / Fazio, Cecilia / Ambrosio, Luigina / Rezza, Giovanni / Stefanelli, Paola

    Infection, genetics, and evolution. 2020 Oct., v. 84

    2020  

    Abstract: Neisseria meningitidis can cause sporadic cases and outbreaks of invasive disease, including meningitis and sepsis. The meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) is the second most common serogroup in Italy after MenB. In this study we have estimated the ... ...

    Abstract Neisseria meningitidis can cause sporadic cases and outbreaks of invasive disease, including meningitis and sepsis. The meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) is the second most common serogroup in Italy after MenB. In this study we have estimated the reproductive numbers and the demographic reconstruction on the genomes of invasive N. meningitidis C:P1.5–1,10–8:F3–6:ST–11(cc11) strains isolated in Italy in 2012 – 2017, a period that includes the outbreak in Tuscany.The genomes of N. meningitidis were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform, through the whole genome sequencing (WGS) method and were analyzed by the core genome MLST (cgMLST) approach, using the BIGSdb Genome Comparator tool implemented on the PubMLST website. A Bayesian method was applied to study population dynamics across the entire N. meningitidis dataset. The basic reproduction number R₀, which indicates the average number of secondary cases generated by a single primary case, was calculated using a Bayesian method, on the dataset and on the two subsets. The effective reproduction number R(t), defined as the average number of secondary cases per infectious case in a population, made up of susceptible and non-susceptible hosts was studied on the Tuscany dataset, with a Bayesian method.An increase in the effective number of the N. meningitidis infections was observed between 2013 and 2016. The estimated R₀ parameter was 1.31 (95% HPD: 1.03 – 1.64), 1.22 (95% HPD: 0.90 – 1.64) and 1.4 (95% HPD: 0.91 – 1.9) for the entire dataset, first and second subset, respectively. The BDSKY estimated an initial R(t) of about 2.0 (95% HPD: 0.04 – 5.0), which showed a growing trend at the end of 2014, reaching an average value of 3.22 in 2015, and then declining below 1 from the year 2016.Monitoring the effective reproduction number can help to inform future vaccination strategies. The increase in the reproductive number for the Tuscany dataset, was consistent with the amplification event that led to the Tuscany outbreak. Subsequently, the intervention that led to the decline of the cases was followed, suggesting a high effectiveness of the vaccination campaign.
    Keywords Bayesian theory ; Internet ; Neisseria meningitidis ; basic reproduction number ; data collection ; evolution ; genome ; meningitis ; population dynamics ; reproduction ; serotypes ; vaccination ; Italy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-10
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 2037068-4
    ISSN 1567-1348
    ISSN 1567-1348
    DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104360
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Evaluation of the national surveillance system for invasive meningococcal disease, Italy, 2015-2018.

    Andrianou, Xanthi D / Riccardo, Flavia / Caporali, Maria Grazia / Fazio, Cecilia / Neri, Arianna / Vacca, Paola / Ambrosio, Luigina / Pezzotti, Patrizio / Stefanelli, Paola

    PloS one

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e0244889

    Abstract: Enhanced laboratory-based surveillance of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Italy was only assessed indirectly by numerically comparing surveillance data cases with hospital discharge records (HDR). In this study, we evaluated the completeness, ... ...

    Abstract Enhanced laboratory-based surveillance of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Italy was only assessed indirectly by numerically comparing surveillance data cases with hospital discharge records (HDR). In this study, we evaluated the completeness, timeliness and sensitivity of the IMD surveillance in Italy from 2015 to 2018. Completeness and timeliness were described at the national and subnational level. A capture-recapture analysis was conducted to evaluate the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) using HDR as the external source with a combination of deterministic and probabilistic approaches. The characteristics of the unmatched vs. matched cases were compared using multivariable Poisson modeling. Overall, the completeness of data improved, except for specific variables. Timeliness of notifications also improved to a median of 4 days from onset to reporting. For the years 2015-2017, the sensitivity of the surveillance was estimated at 71.4% and the PPV at 77.5%, changing to 80.6% and 66.9% respectively after removing cases with a secondary meningitis diagnosis. We noted substantial sub-national differences. In 2018 sensitivity was 66.5% (135/203) and the PPV was 79.4% (135/170). The adjusted relative risk of being unmatched in 2015-2017 was higher in cases that were ≥60 years, had missing information or symptom onset in December. The IMD surveillance system overall performs well with completeness and timeliness improving in time. Specific challenges identified for individual variables should guide further improvement. Notwithstanding limitations posed by the comparison database, sensitivity and PPV are promising. The study highlights that promoting etiological ascertainment in people ≥60 years and addressing sub-national challenges are the main current challenges to address.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Female ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Male ; Meningococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Severity of Illness Index
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0244889
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Evaluation of Meningococcal Serogroup C Bactericidal Antibodies after Primary Vaccination: A Multicentre Study, Italy.

    Neri, Arianna / Fabiani, Massimo / Barbui, Anna Maria / Vocale, Caterina / Miglietta, Alessandro / Fazio, Cecilia / Carannante, Anna / Palmieri, Annapina / Vacca, Paola / Ambrosio, Luigina / Stefanelli, Paola

    Vaccines

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 5

    Abstract: Here, we evaluated over time in different cohorts of children vaccinated against serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis, the presence of antibodies with neutralizing activity. A total of 348 sera samples of enrolled children by year since vaccination (<1 ... ...

    Abstract Here, we evaluated over time in different cohorts of children vaccinated against serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis, the presence of antibodies with neutralizing activity. A total of 348 sera samples of enrolled children by year since vaccination (<1 year- up to 5 years), starting from February 2016 to December 2017, were collected in three collaborating centers. Meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) antibody titers were measured with a serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) assay using rabbit complement (rSBA) following standard operating procedures. The cut-off of rSBA titer ≥ 8 is considered the correlate of protection. We observed a significantly declining of bactericidal rSBA titers by 23% every year, for every 1-year from vaccination (Adjusted PR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.71−0.84). The proportions of children with bactericidal antibodies, immunized with the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate (MCC) vaccine, declined from 67.7% (95% CI: 48.6−83.3%) one year after vaccination, to 36.7% (95% CI: 19.9−56.1%) five years after vaccination (chi-square for linear trend, p < 0.001). Children vaccinated with the tetravalent meningococcal serogroup ACWY vaccine resulted in a high proportion of bactericidal rSBA MenC titer ≥ 1:8 (90.6%, 95% CI: 79.3−96.9%) after a mean time of seven months. Overall, the results provide some evidences on the evaluation of meningococcal serogroup C bactericidal antibodies after primary vaccination.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines10050778
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Primary septic arthritis of the knee caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B in an elderly patient. Case report and review of the literature.

    Longo, Benedetta / Fazio, Cecilia / Meini, Simone / Neri, Arianna / Andreoli, Elisabetta / Vacca, Paola / Salamone, Domenico / Sani, Spartaco / Mura, Maddalena / Bracalente, Irene / Venturini, Luigi / Andreini, Roberto / Ambrosio, Luigina / Carannante, Anna / Stefanelli, Paola

    Infection

    2022  Volume 51, Issue 2, Page(s) 499–506

    Abstract: Purpose: Primary meningococcal arthritis (PMA) represents an uncommon clinical presentation of meningococcal infection, mainly reported among young people. Herein, a case of PMA of the knee in an elderly patient is described.: Case presentation: On ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Primary meningococcal arthritis (PMA) represents an uncommon clinical presentation of meningococcal infection, mainly reported among young people. Herein, a case of PMA of the knee in an elderly patient is described.
    Case presentation: On January 2022, an 87-year-old patient arrived at hospital with continuous fever persisting for three days and a picture of pain, swelling, redness, and warmth of her left knee. An arthrocentesis was promptly performed and the inoculated synovial fluid turned positive with numerous Gram-negative diplococci at the microscopic examination. The identification of bacteria was done in 48 h using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) MS systems (VITEK
    Review of the literature: A total of 41 cases of PMA caused by N. meningitidis was reported in the literature, but only four occurred in elderly. To our knowledgements, no cases of PMA caused by MenB were previously reported among patients of more than 65 years of age.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Adolescent ; Aged, 80 and over ; Serogroup ; Neisseria meningitidis ; Meningococcal Infections/diagnosis ; Meningococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Meningococcal Infections/microbiology ; Knee Joint ; Arthritis, Infectious/diagnosis ; Arthritis, Infectious/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Infectious/microbiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-01
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Review ; Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 185104-4
    ISSN 1439-0973 ; 0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
    ISSN (online) 1439-0973
    ISSN 0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
    DOI 10.1007/s15010-022-01928-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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