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Article ; Online: Health effects of low emission and congestion charging zones: a systematic review.

Chamberlain, Rosemary C / Fecht, Daniela / Davies, Bethan / Laverty, Anthony A

The Lancet. Public health

2023 Volume 8, Issue 7, Page(s) e559–e574

Abstract: Low emission zones (LEZs) and congestion charging zones (CCZs) have been implemented in several cities globally. We systematically reviewed the evidence on the effects of these air pollution and congestion reduction schemes on a range of physical health ... ...

Abstract	Low emission zones (LEZs) and congestion charging zones (CCZs) have been implemented in several cities globally. We systematically reviewed the evidence on the effects of these air pollution and congestion reduction schemes on a range of physical health outcomes. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, IDEAS, Greenfile, and Transport Research International Documentation databases from database inception to Jan 4, 2023. We included studies that evaluated the effect of implementation of a LEZ or CCZ on air pollution-related health outcomes (cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, birth outcomes, dementia, lung cancer, diabetes, and all-cause) or road traffic injuries (RTIs) using longitudinal study designs and empirical health data. Two authors independently assessed papers for inclusion. Results were narratively synthesised and visualised using harvest plots. Risk of bias was assessed using the Graphic Appraisal Tool for Epidemiological studies. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022311453). Of 2279 studies screened, 16 were included, of which eight assessed LEZs and eight assessed CCZs. Several LEZ studies identified positive effects on air pollution-related outcomes, with reductions in some cardiovascular disease subcategories found in five of six studies investigating this outcome, although results for other health outcomes were less consistent. Six of seven studies on the London CCZ reported reductions in total or car RTIs, although one study reported an increase in cyclist and motorcyclist injuries and one reported an increase in serious or fatal injuries. Current evidence suggests LEZs can reduce air pollution-related health outcomes, with the most consistent effect on cardiovascular disease. Evidence on CCZs is mainly limited to London but suggests that they reduce overall RTIs. Ongoing evaluation of these interventions is necessary to understand longer term health effects.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Longitudinal Studies ; Lung Neoplasms ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Cities
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2468-2667
ISSN (online)	2468-2667
DOI	10.1016/S2468-2667(23)00120-2
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Article ; Online: Lighting in the Home and Health: A Systematic Review.

Osibona, Oluwapelumi / Solomon, Bethlehem D / Fecht, Daniela

International journal of environmental research and public health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 2

Abstract: Poor housing is an important determinant of poor health. One key aspect of housing quality is lighting. Light is important for visual performance and safety, and also plays a vital role in regulating human physiological functions. This review aims to ... ...

Abstract	Poor housing is an important determinant of poor health. One key aspect of housing quality is lighting. Light is important for visual performance and safety, and also plays a vital role in regulating human physiological functions. This review aims to synthesise existing evidence on the relationship between lighting in the home and health and recommends areas for future research. Three databases were searched for relevant literature using pre-defined inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Extracted data were qualitatively synthesised according to type of lighting (natural light, artificial light and light at night) and stratified by broad health domains (physical, mental and sleep health). Of the 4043 records retrieved, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. There was considerable heterogeneity in light exposure metrics used and specific health outcome assessed by the studies. Lighting in the home can negatively affect health but the current evidence base is limited to a small number of studies in different domains of light and health. Further research surrounding specific health outcomes is required to better inform housing quality assessments and lighting practises in the home.
MeSH term(s)	Housing ; Humans ; Lighting ; Sleep
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph18020609
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Article ; Online: Does It Measure Up? A Comparison of Pollution Exposure Assessment Techniques Applied across Hospitals in England.

de Preux, Laure / Rizmie, Dheeya / Fecht, Daniela / Gulliver, John / Wang, Weiyi

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 5

Abstract: Weighted averages of air pollution measurements from monitoring stations are commonly assigned as air pollution exposures to specific locations. However, monitoring networks are spatially sparse and fail to adequately capture the spatial variability. ... ...

Abstract	Weighted averages of air pollution measurements from monitoring stations are commonly assigned as air pollution exposures to specific locations. However, monitoring networks are spatially sparse and fail to adequately capture the spatial variability. This may introduce bias and exposure misclassification. Advanced methods of exposure assessment are rarely practicable in estimating daily concentrations over large geographical areas. We propose an accessible method using temporally adjusted land use regression models (daily LUR). We applied this to produce daily concentration estimates for nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and particulate matter in a healthcare setting across England and compared them against geographically extrapolated measurements (inverse distance weighting) from air pollution monitors. The daily LUR estimates outperformed IDW. The precision gains varied across air pollutants, suggesting that, for nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter, the health effects may be underestimated. The results emphasised the importance of spatial heterogeneity in investigating the societal impacts of air pollution, illustrating improvements achievable at a lower computational cost.
MeSH term(s)	Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; England ; Hospitals ; Environmental Monitoring/methods
Chemical Substances	Nitrogen Dioxide (S7G510RUBH) ; Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20053852
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Article ; Online: Brownfield land and health: A systematic review of the literature.

Wang, Weiyi / Dack, Sarah / Mudway, Ian / Walder, Holly / Davies, Bethan / Kamanyire, Robie / Fecht, Daniela

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 8, Page(s) e0289470

Abstract: Background: Brownfield land is vacant or derelict land that was previously used for industrial or commercial purposes. Brownfield land is increasingly being targeted for housing development, however, depending on the previous use and remediation ... ...

Abstract	Background: Brownfield land is vacant or derelict land that was previously used for industrial or commercial purposes. Brownfield land is increasingly being targeted for housing development, however, depending on the previous use and remediation activity, it might pose potential risks to the health of residents on or in the vicinity of redeveloped sites. This systematic review of the literature synthesises the empirical evidence on the associations between brownfield land and health. Methods: We systematically searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Global Health, Web of Science, Scopus and GreenFile using a study protocol registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022286826). The search strategy combined the keywords "brownfield" and its interchangeable terms such as "previously developed land", and any health outcomes such as "respiratory diseases" and "mortality". Publications identified from the search were screened for eligibility by two authors, and data were extracted from the selected articles. Study quality was assessed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: Of the 1,987 records retrieved, 6 studies met the inclusion criteria; 3 ecological studies, 2 cross-sectional studies, and 1 longitudinal study. There was considerable heterogeneity in the exposure metrics and health outcomes assessed. All studies found significant positive associations between brownfield land proximity or density with at least one health relevant outcome, including poorer self-reported general health, increased mortality rates, increased birth defects, increased serum metal levels, and accelerated immune ageing. Conclusions: Brownfield land may negatively affect the health of nearby residents. The epidemiological evidence on health effects associated with brownfield land in local communities, however, remains inconclusive and limited. Further studies are required to build the evidence base to inform future housing policies and urban planning.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Housing ; Industry
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0289470
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Article: Short-Term Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure and Emergency Hospital Admissions for Asthma in Children: A Case-Crossover Analysis in England.

Wang, Weiyi / Gulliver, John / Beevers, Sean / Freni Sterrantino, Anna / Davies, Bethan / Atkinson, Richard W / Fecht, Daniela

Journal of asthma and allergy

2024 Volume 17, Page(s) 349–359

Abstract: Background: There is an increasing body of evidence associating short-term ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO: Methods: We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study including 111,766 emergency hospital admissions for asthma in children (aged 0-14 ... ...

Abstract	Background: There is an increasing body of evidence associating short-term ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO Methods: We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study including 111,766 emergency hospital admissions for asthma in children (aged 0-14 years) between 1st January 2011 and 31st December 2015 in England. Daily NO Results: For each 10 µg/m³ increase in NO Significance: Short-term exposure to NO
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-09
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2494877-9
ISSN	1178-6965
ISSN	1178-6965
DOI	10.2147/JAA.S448600
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Article ; Online: Characterising populations living close to intensive farming and composting facilities in England

Douglas, Philippa / Fecht, Daniela / Jarvis, Deborah

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.. 2021 June, v. 15, no. 3 p.40-40

2021

Abstract: Bioaerosol exposure has been linked to adverse respiratory conditions. Intensive farming and composting facilities are important anthropogenic sources of bioaerosols. We aimed to characterise populations living close to intensive farming and composting ... ...

Abstract	Bioaerosol exposure has been linked to adverse respiratory conditions. Intensive farming and composting facilities are important anthropogenic sources of bioaerosols. We aimed to characterise populations living close to intensive farming and composting facilities. We also infer whether the public are becoming more concerned about anthropogenic bioaerosol emissions, using reports of air pollution related incidents attributed to facilities. We mapped the location of 1,257 intensive farming and 310 composting facilities in England in relation to the resident population and its characteristics (sex and age), area characteristics (deprivation proxy and rural/urban classification) and school locations stratified by pre-defined distance bands from these bioaerosol sources. We also calculated the average number of air pollution related incidents per year per facility. We found that more than 16% of the population and 15% of schools are located within 4,828 m of an intensive farming facility or 4,000 m of a composting facility; few people (0.01 %) live very close to these sites and tend to be older people. Close to composting facilities, populations are more likely to be urban and more deprived. The number of incidents were attributed to a small proportion of facilities; population characteristics around these facilities were similar. Results indicate that populations living near composting facilities (particularly>250 to ⩽ 4,000 m) are mostly located in urban areas (80%–88% of the population), which supports the need for more community health studies to be conducted. Results could also be used to inform risk management strategies at facilities with higher numbers of incidents.
Keywords	air pollution ; bioaerosols ; community health ; people ; risk management ; England
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-06
Size	p. 40.
Publishing place	Higher Education Press
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2662203-8
ISSN	2095-221X ; 2095-2201
ISSN (online)	2095-221X
ISSN	2095-2201
DOI	10.1007/s11783-020-1332-z
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Z 7938: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Environment, cancer and inequalities-The urgent need for prevention.

Vineis, Paolo / Fecht, Daniela

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)

2018 Volume 103, Page(s) 317–326

Abstract: The proportion of total deaths attributable to environmental factors is estimated to be 23% of global deaths and 22% of global disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) according to one review. These estimates encompass all environmental agents including ... ...

Abstract	The proportion of total deaths attributable to environmental factors is estimated to be 23% of global deaths and 22% of global disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) according to one review. These estimates encompass all environmental agents including infectious agents but excluding behavioural factors. The authors of the review also estimated that 16% (95% CI: 7-41%) of cancer deaths are attributable to environmental risk factors (and 36% [95% CI: 17-52%] for lung cancer). In this article, we focus on the reasons why epidemiology is often unable to account for the whole burden of environmental carcinogens. The experience of air pollution is particularly instructive. While in the 1970s and early 1980s, air pollution was considered as a relatively marginal exposure in terms of attributable risks, the most recent estimate is that it accounts for 7.6% of global deaths and 4.2% of global DALYs world-wide (with East and South Asia accounting for 59% of the total). According to a review, ambient fine particulate matter air pollution contributed to 17.1% of ischaemic heart disease, 14.2% of cerebrovascular disease, 16.5% of lung cancer, 24.7% of low respiratory infections, and 27.1% of COPD mortality in 2015. Estimates for cancer as a whole are not available. The change in appreciation of the role of air pollution has been mainly due to the refinement of exposure assessment methods and the new generations of longitudinal studies. Mechanistic evidence via omic technologies is now rapidly increasing, thus lending credibility to previous epidemiological ('black box') associations. Much less is known about other environmental contaminants, some of which are widespread and pervasive, thus suggesting the need for the same rigourous methods as those applied to air pollution. Finally, a crucial issue remains inequality across different population groups, with uneven exposure to hazards and acquired susceptibilities due to multiple concomitant exposures and poorer health status.
MeSH term(s)	Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Humans ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Socioeconomic Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	82061-1
ISSN	1879-0852 ; 0277-5379 ; 0959-8049 ; 0964-1947
ISSN (online)	1879-0852
ISSN	0277-5379 ; 0959-8049 ; 0964-1947
DOI	10.1016/j.ejca.2018.04.018
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Zs.A 456: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 583: Show issues

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Article: Associations of air pollution with COVID-19 positivity, hospitalisations, and mortality: Observational evidence from UK Biobank

Sheridan, Charlotte / Klompmaker, Jochem / Cummins, Steven / James, Peter / Fecht, Daniela / Roscoe, Charlotte

Environmental pollution. 2022 Sept. 01, v. 308

2022

Abstract: Individual-level studies with adjustment for important COVID-19 risk factors suggest positive associations of long-term air pollution exposure (particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide) with COVID-19 infection, hospitalisations and mortality. The evidence, ...

Abstract	Individual-level studies with adjustment for important COVID-19 risk factors suggest positive associations of long-term air pollution exposure (particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide) with COVID-19 infection, hospitalisations and mortality. The evidence, however, remains limited and mechanisms unclear. We aimed to investigate these associations within UK Biobank, and to examine the role of underlying chronic disease as a potential mechanism. UK Biobank COVID-19 positive laboratory test results were ascertained via Public Health England and general practitioner record linkage, COVID-19 hospitalisations via Hospital Episode Statistics, and COVID-19 mortality via Office for National Statistics mortality records from March–December 2020. We used annual average outdoor air pollution modelled at 2010 residential addresses of UK Biobank participants who resided in England (n = 424,721). We obtained important COVID-19 risk factors from baseline UK Biobank questionnaire responses (2006–2010) and general practitioner record linkage. We used logistic regression models to assess associations of air pollution with COVID-19 outcomes, adjusted for relevant confounders, and conducted sensitivity analyses. We found positive associations of fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) with COVID-19 positive test result after adjustment for confounders and COVID-19 risk factors, with odds ratios of 1.05 (95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.02, 1.08), and 1.05 (95% CI = 1.01, 1.08), respectively. PM 2.5 and NO 2 were positively associated with COVID-19 hospitalisations and deaths in minimally adjusted models, but not in fully adjusted models. No associations for PM₁₀ were found. In analyses with additional adjustment for pre-existing chronic disease, effect estimates were not substantially attenuated, indicating that underlying chronic disease may not fully explain associations. We found some evidence that long-term exposure to PM₂.₅ and NO₂ was associated with a COVID-19 positive test result in UK Biobank, though not with COVID-19 hospitalisations or deaths.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; air pollution ; chronic diseases ; chronic exposure ; hospitals ; laboratory experimentation ; mortality ; nitrogen dioxide ; particulates ; public health ; questionnaires ; regression analysis ; England
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0901
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119686
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Z 4136: Show issues

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Article: The built environment as determinant of childhood obesity: A systematic literature review

Malacarne, Diego / Handakas, Evangelos / Robinson, Oliver / Pineda, Elisa / Saez, Marc / Chatzi, Leda / Fecht, Daniela

Obesity reviews. 2022 Jan., v. 23 Suppl S1

2022

Abstract: We evaluated the epidemiological evidence on the built environment and its link to childhood obesity, focusing on environmental factors such as traffic noise and air pollution, as well as physical factors potentially driving obesity‐related behaviors, ... ...

Abstract	We evaluated the epidemiological evidence on the built environment and its link to childhood obesity, focusing on environmental factors such as traffic noise and air pollution, as well as physical factors potentially driving obesity‐related behaviors, such as neighborhood walkability and availability and accessibility of parks and playgrounds. Eligible studies were (i) conducted on human children below the age of 18 years, (ii) focused on body size measurements in childhood, (iii) examined at least one built environment characteristic, (iv) reported effect sizes and associated confidence intervals, and (v) were published in English language. A z test, as alternative to the meta‐analysis, was used to quantify associations due to heterogeneity in exposure and outcome definition. We found strong evidence for an association of traffic‐related air pollution (nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxides exposure, p < 0.001) and built environment characteristics supportive of walking (street intersection density, p < 0.01 and access to parks, p < 0.001) with childhood obesity. We identified a lack of studies that account for interactions between different built environment exposures or verify the role and mechanism of important effect modifiers such as age.
Keywords	air pollution ; body size ; childhood ; childhood obesity ; humans ; meta-analysis ; nitrogen ; nitrogen dioxide ; traffic
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-01
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2147980-X
ISSN	1467-789X ; 1467-7881
ISSN (online)	1467-789X
ISSN	1467-7881
DOI	10.1111/obr.13385
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Zs.A 5908: Show issues

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Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Mapping the co-benefits of climate change action to issues of public concern in the UK: a narrative review.

Jennings, Neil / Fecht, Daniela / De Matteis, Sara

The Lancet. Planetary health

2020 Volume 4, Issue 9, Page(s) e424–e433

Abstract: To avoid a 1·5°C rise in global temperatures above preindustrial levels, the next phase of reductions in greenhouse gas emissions will need to be comparatively rapid. Linking the co-benefits of climate action to wider issues that the public are concerned ...

Abstract	To avoid a 1·5°C rise in global temperatures above preindustrial levels, the next phase of reductions in greenhouse gas emissions will need to be comparatively rapid. Linking the co-benefits of climate action to wider issues that the public are concerned about can help decision makers to prioritise decarbonisation options that increase the chance of public support for such changes, while ensuring that a just transition is delivered. We identified key issues of concern to the UK public by use of Ipsos MORI public opinion data from 2007 to 2020 and used these data to guide a narrative review of academic and grey literature on the co-benefits of climate change action for the UK. Correspondence with civil servants, third sector organisations, and relevant academics allowed us to identify omissions and to ensure policy relevance of the recommendations. This evidence-based Review of the various co-benefits of climate change action for the UK identifies four main areas: health and the National Health Service; security; economy and unemployment; and poverty, housing, and inequality. Associated trade-offs are also discussed. City-level and regional-level governments are particularly well placed to incorporate co-benefits into their decision making because it is at this scale that co-benefits most clearly manifest, and where interventions can have the most immediate effects.
MeSH term(s)	Climate Change ; Environmental Policy/legislation & jurisprudence ; Housing ; Humans ; Policy Making ; Public Opinion ; Socioeconomic Factors ; State Medicine ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2542-5196
ISSN (online)	2542-5196
DOI	10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30167-4
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