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Article ; Online: Draft genome sequence of Moroccan camelpox vaccine strain.

Bamouh, Z / Elkarhat, Z / Hamdi, J / Fellahi, S / Tadlaoui, K Omari / Fassi-Fihri, O / Elharrak, M

Microbiology resource announcements

2024 , Page(s) e0086923

Abstract: Prevention and control of camelpox can be achieved by efficient vaccination. A limited number of homologous attenuated vaccines have been commercialized. In this study, we report the draft genome sequence of camelpox virus vaccine strain "CAMPOX vaccine" ...

Abstract	Prevention and control of camelpox can be achieved by efficient vaccination. A limited number of homologous attenuated vaccines have been commercialized. In this study, we report the draft genome sequence of camelpox virus vaccine strain "CAMPOX vaccine" after 175 passages of attenuation in Vero cells.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2576-098X
ISSN (online)	2576-098X
DOI	10.1128/mra.00869-23
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Article ; Online: Biological markers of adipose tissue: Adipokines.

Bastard, Jean-Philippe / Dridi-Brahimi, Imane / Vatier, Camille / Fellahi, Soraya / Fève, Bruno

Annales d'endocrinologie

2024

Abstract: We currently have a large sum of clinical and experimental data documenting the involvement of numerous adipokines in the maintenance of energy homeostasis in healthy individuals and their dysregulation in diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome or ... ...

Abstract	We currently have a large sum of clinical and experimental data documenting the involvement of numerous adipokines in the maintenance of energy homeostasis in healthy individuals and their dysregulation in diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes. Despite the impressive discoveries made in this field over many years, much remains to be done before understanding all the physiological and pathological implications, and hoping for the development of other effective and safe therapeutic strategies. Two original adipokines will be taken as examples to illustrate these remarks, chemerin and neuregulin 4.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	299-9
ISSN	2213-3941 ; 0003-4266
ISSN (online)	2213-3941
ISSN	0003-4266
DOI	10.1016/j.ando.2024.04.002
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Article ; Online: C-reactive protein is more suitable than Serum Amyloid A to monitor crises and attack-free periods in Systemic Auto-Inflammatory Diseases.

Parentelli, Anne-Sophie / Lopes, Anne-Aurélie / Fellahi, Soraya / Savey, Léa / Bastard, Jean-Philippe / Georgin-Lavialle, Sophie

European journal of internal medicine

2024

Abstract: Background: With their broad presentations and no global biomarker to discriminate crises and attack-free periods, Systemic Auto-Inflammatory Diseases (SAID) are difficult to manage. This study assessed Serum Amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP) ... ...

Abstract	Background: With their broad presentations and no global biomarker to discriminate crises and attack-free periods, Systemic Auto-Inflammatory Diseases (SAID) are difficult to manage. This study assessed Serum Amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum calprotectin as potential biomarkers to monitor patients with SAID. Method: SAA (already studied in Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)), CRP and serum calprotectin were measured on SAID adult patients from Juvenile Inflammatory Rheumatism (JIR) cohort during their follow-up visits between 2020 and 2022. Crises and attack-free periods were clinically determined. Results: 96 measures, mainly from FMF (43 %) and Unclassified SAID (USAID) (37 %) patients were included. Using ROC curves, a threshold with sensitivity and specificity of/over 75 % was determined for SAA (9 mg/L) and CRP (9 mg/L) but not for serum calprotectin, not investigated further. With this threshold, the results were similar in FMF and USAID patients' subgroups. SAA and CRP showed a positive correlation with crises and attack-free periods in SAID patients (r = 0.4796, p < 0.001 and r = 0.5525, p < 0.001, respectively) as in FMF and USAID patients, with no significant difference between both markers in diagnosis value and ROC curves Area Under Curve (AUC) (p = 0.32). Only the CRP results were not influenced by obesity. Conclusion: SAA and CRP can discriminate crisis and attack-free periods in our cohort of SAID patients mainly composed of FMF and USAID patients. However, only CRP can be used regardless of body mass index. It is the first report of common biomarkers for all SAID, including USAID patients, with CRP widely accessible in routine worldwide.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1038679-8
ISSN	1879-0828 ; 0953-6205
ISSN (online)	1879-0828
ISSN	0953-6205
DOI	10.1016/j.ejim.2024.04.024
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Article: Backyard Poultry Flocks in Morocco: Demographic Characteristics, Husbandry Practices, and Disease and Biosecurity Management.

Fagrach, Asma / Fellahi, Siham / Challioui, Mohammed Kamal / Arbani, Oumaima / El Zirani, Ibtissam / Kichou, Faouzi / Bouslikhane, Mohammed

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2023 Volume 13, Issue 2

Abstract: Backyard poultry farming is an important tool for poverty alleviation and food security in rural areas of Morocco. A descriptive epidemiologic survey was conducted in 286 backyard poultry flocks from the provinces of Khemisset and Skhirat-Temara to gain ... ...

Abstract	Backyard poultry farming is an important tool for poverty alleviation and food security in rural areas of Morocco. A descriptive epidemiologic survey was conducted in 286 backyard poultry flocks from the provinces of Khemisset and Skhirat-Temara to gain baseline data on the current status of backyard poultry flocks in Morocco as well as its potential implications on the transmission and spread of avian diseases. The findings indicated that 88.8% of flocks were raised in a mixed confinement system, with an average flock size of 30 birds (range 1-352). Chickens accounted for 83% of the overall reported birds. More than two-thirds of respondents (69%) kept chickens only, while the remaining flocks raising multiple bird species in total promiscuity. Diseases were the highest cause of mortality (84.7%), followed by predation (15.3%). According to 56.1% of the owners, respiratory symptoms were among the major disease signs reported, besides ectoparasite infestation. Flock health management revealed a lack of preventive vaccination, lack of veterinary consulting, lack of biosecurity practices, and irrational self-medication of diseased birds using antibiotics, pesticides, and hazardous chemicals that could be a significant health risk for consumers. The need for an outreach program about disease prevention and biosecurity practices, along with prophylactic campaigns, should be emphasized to further mitigate the risks of backyard poultry flocks on the commercial sector and public health.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13020202
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Article ; Online: First Report of Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Subtype H9N2 in African Houbara Bustards (

Bidoudan, Yassmina / Mouahid, Mohamed / Fassi Fihri, Ouafaa / Bollo, Enrico / Arbani, Oumayma / Ducatez, Mariette / Banni, Brahim / Tligui, Noursaid / Fellahi, Siham

Viruses

2023 Volume 15, Issue 12

Abstract: We report in this paper the first detection of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) subtype H9N2 in houbara bustards and in gamebirds in Morocco. Starting in 2019, an increase in mortality rates related to respiratory distress was recorded in these ... ...

Abstract	We report in this paper the first detection of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) subtype H9N2 in houbara bustards and in gamebirds in Morocco. Starting in 2019, an increase in mortality rates related to respiratory distress was recorded in these species. Necropsy of the specimens revealed fibrinous sinusitis and tracheitis with intra-bronchial fibrin casts, which are consistent with H9N2 infection in chickens; therefore, implication of the virus in these outbreaks was strongly suspected. Consequently, between January 2020 and June 2023, birds with respiratory signs were necropsied for pathological lesions, tissue samples were examined by histopathology, and samples of trachea, lungs, and cecal tonsils were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR for the detection of H9N2 virus. In addition, the sequencing of isolates was performed and lastly differential diagnosis with other respiratory pathogens was carried out. During the study period, 93 samples were collected from suspected H9N2 outbreaks, of which 30 tested positive for H9N2 virus: 23 Houbara bustards, 4 partridges, 2 quails, and 1 pheasant. Moreover, sequencing of the HA gene of the virus showed 97.33% nucleotide identity with strains reported previously in broilers in Morocco in 2017 and in 2022. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the Moroccan partridge isolates in the same cluster as viruses isolated in Morocco between 2016 and 2022, Algeria (2017), Burkina Faso (2017), Nigeria (2019), and Togo (2020). Additionally, 10 house sparrows from the premises of these birds were examined for the presence of H9N2 virus, revealing a 30% positivity rate. In conclusion, LPAIV H9N2 is circulating in houbara bustards and gamebirds in Morocco, and house sparrows might be a possible source of the infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of LPAI H9N2 in the African species of houbara bustards worldwide and in gamebirds in Morocco.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Influenza in Birds/epidemiology ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/genetics ; Chickens ; Morocco/epidemiology ; Coinfection/epidemiology ; Coinfection/veterinary ; Phylogeny ; Quail ; Galliformes
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v15122374
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Article: Salmonella enterica

Farhat, Mouad / Khayi, Slimane / Berrada, Jaouad / Mouahid, Mohamed / Ameur, Najia / El-Adawy, Hosny / Fellahi, Siham

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1

Abstract: Salmonella ... ...

Abstract	Salmonella enterica
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2681345-2
ISSN	2079-6382
ISSN	2079-6382
DOI	10.3390/antibiotics13010023
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Article ; Online: First Seroprevalence Survey of Avian Reovirus in Broiler Breeders Chicken Flocks in Morocco.

Achhal Elkadmiri, Ahmed / Zhari, Amal / Aitlaydi, Noura / Bouslikhane, Mohammed / Fagrach, Asma / Mouahid, Mohamed / Fellahi, Siham

Viruses

2023 Volume 15, Issue 6

Abstract: Avian reovirus (ARV) is a prevalent infectious agent that has the potential to cause respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses in poultry, leading to substantial financial losses in the poultry sector. Until now, there have been no investigations ... ...

Abstract	Avian reovirus (ARV) is a prevalent infectious agent that has the potential to cause respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses in poultry, leading to substantial financial losses in the poultry sector. Until now, there have been no investigations conducted to examine the epidemiological status of ARV infections in Morocco. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of ARV infections with respect to area, types of chickens (broiler breeder, and broiler), vaccination status, and age of chickens. A total of 826 serum samples were collected from 36 broiler and broiler breeder flocks, with 14 of them being unvaccinated, fromsix different regions of Morocco, namely Casablanca-Settat, Rabat-Salé-Kénitra, Tanger-Tétouan-Al Hoceïma, Oriental, Marrakech-Safi, and Fez-Meknès between 2021 and 2022.These serum samples were screened using a commercial indirect ELISA ARV antibody test kit (IDEXX REO). The study found that all tested flocks were positive for ARV-specific antibodies, indicating that the virus was present in these flocks. Out of the 826 serum samples tested, 782 were positive for ARV-specific antibodies. The overall prevalence of ARV infections in breeder and broiler flocks was calculated to be 94.6% ± 0.78. To summarize, the current study provides evidence of the widespread distribution of ARV infections in Morocco, suggesting that the poultry industry in the country is highly infected with ARV.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chickens ; Orthoreovirus, Avian ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Morocco/epidemiology ; Poultry Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v15061318
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Article: Prevalence of major infectious diseases in backyard chickens from rural markets in Morocco.

Fagrach, Asma / Arbani, Oumaima / Karroute, Oumaima / El-Ftouhy, Fatima Zahra / Kichou, Faouzi / Bouslikhane, Mohammed / Fellahi, Siham

Veterinary world

2023 Volume 16, Issue 9, Page(s) 1897–1906

Abstract: Background and aim: Raising backyard chickens is a common practice in Morocco, mainly in rural or periurban areas. Constraints due to devastating avian diseases have been recognized as a major limiting factor in backyard poultry production. Consequently, ...

Abstract	Background and aim: Raising backyard chickens is a common practice in Morocco, mainly in rural or periurban areas. Constraints due to devastating avian diseases have been recognized as a major limiting factor in backyard poultry production. Consequently, these flocks could potentially be implicated as reservoirs for poultry diseases. However, there is a considerable lack of information on disease prevalence in this production system, and the risk represented by these small flocks remains under debate. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and identify related risk factors of a range of bacterial and viral pathogens of outstanding importance for the economy and public health in backyard poultry in Morocco. Materials and methods: A total of 712 sera samples and 258 cloacal swabs were collected from 712 backyard chickens from 15 rural markets in the Khemisset and Skhirat-Temara provinces. None of the sampled chickens received any vaccination. Sera samples were screened for antibodies against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 subtype (LPAI H9N2) using a hemagglutination-inhibition test, against bursal infectious disease virus (IBDV) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and against Results: The seroprevalences in backyard chickens for NDV, LPAI H9N2, IBDV, IBV, MG, and MS were 52.1% (371/712), 63.5% (452/712), 84.7% (603/712), 82.2% (585/712), 58% (413/712), and 74.8% (533/712), respectively. Based on the RT-PCR results, 2.3% (2/86), 62.8% (54/86), 2.3% (2/86), 63.9% (55/86), 40.7% (35/86), and 29.1% (25/86) of the pools were positive for NDV, H9N2 LPAI, IBDV, IBV, MG, and MS, respectively. Multiple coinfections (H9N2-IBV-MG), (H9N2-IBV-MS), or (IBV-MG-MS) were observed in 15.1%, 8.5%, and 8.5% of the tested samples, respectively. Conclusion: The results show that backyard chicken flocks and rural markets have the potential to serve as reservoirs or amplifiers for poultry pathogens and could pose a risk to the commercial poultry sector. This highlights the need for a comprehensive and adapted vaccination plan for backyard chickens, and extension of efforts to increase flock owners' awareness of avian diseases and incite the implementation of biosecurity measures at the farm level.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-21
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2456277-4
ISSN	2231-0916 ; 0972-8988
ISSN (online)	2231-0916
ISSN	0972-8988
DOI	10.14202/vetworld.2023.1897-1906
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Article ; Online: Assessing the Efficacy of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccines (Double-Insert vHVT-IBD-ND and Single-Insert vHVT-ND) Followed by a Vaccination with a Live Newcastle Disease Vaccine Against a Moroccan Velogenic Newcastle Disease Challenge in Commercial Broilers.

Fellahi, Siham / Rawi, Taoufik / Fagrach, Asma / Berrada, Lamiae / Delvecchio, Andrea / Touzani, Charifa Drissi / Houadfi, Mohammed El / Kichou, Faouzi / Lemiere, Stéphane

Avian diseases

2023 Volume 66, Issue 4, Page(s) 396–403

Abstract: The advent of turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vector vaccine technology (vHVT) has made a huge improvement in the prevention and control of several poultry diseases. The objective of this study was to compare, under experimental conditions, the protection ... ...

Abstract	The advent of turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vector vaccine technology (vHVT) has made a huge improvement in the prevention and control of several poultry diseases. The objective of this study was to compare, under experimental conditions, the protection conferred by different vaccination programs based on an HVT double-insert (infectious bursal disease {IBD] and Newcastle disease [ND]) vector vaccine (vHVT-IBD-ND) and an HVT single-insert (vHVT-ND) vector vaccine followed by a vaccination with a live ND vaccine at Day 1 only or at Days 1 and 14. Commercial broilers were vaccinated by the recombinant ND virus vaccines subcutaneously at 1 day old, in the hatchery, and challenged at 30 days of age using the Moroccan ND virus velogenic viscerotropic JEL strain. The results showed that the tested vaccine induced 95% to 100% clinical protection against mortality and clinical signs. The humoral immune response to vaccination was detected from 3 wk of age using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and hemagglutination inhibition tests. ND challenge virus shedding was significantly reduced in the vaccinated birds as compared to controls. Significant reduction of the cloacal shedding suggests that the vHVT-IBD-ND vaccine stimulates actively the immunity against the tested ND challenge virus. No significant differences were found between the vaccination programs based on vHVT-IBD-ND or on vHVT-ND.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Newcastle disease virus ; Newcastle Disease ; Chickens ; Viral Vaccines ; Poultry Diseases ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; Vaccination/veterinary ; Antibodies, Viral
Chemical Substances	Viral Vaccines ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; Antibodies, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	40871-2
ISSN	1938-4351 ; 0005-2086
ISSN (online)	1938-4351
ISSN	0005-2086
DOI	10.1637/aviandiseases-D-22-00045
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Article ; Online: Pathogenicity and molecular characterization of Mycoplasma bovis isolate from calves in Morocco.

Semmate, Noha / Elkharat, Zouhair / Bamouh, Zahra / Touzani, Charifa Drissi / Fellahi, Siham / Fihri, Ouafaa Fassi / Elharrak, Mehdi

Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology

2023 Volume 54, Issue 3, Page(s) 2477–2484

Abstract: Bovine respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) represents a major health problem for cattle worldwide that causes considerable financial losses. This study reports for the first time the molecular and pathogenic characterization of a ... ...

Abstract	Bovine respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) represents a major health problem for cattle worldwide that causes considerable financial losses. This study reports for the first time the molecular and pathogenic characterization of a strain of M. bovis isolated from a dead local calf with respiratory symptoms in Morocco. M. bovis was isolated from lung tissue, purified by cloning, and subtyped using MLST analysis. Experimental infection was conducted in naïve calves to evaluate pathogenicity. The isolate was identified as a new subtype ST-204 that shares similarities with the 2019-2021 Spanish strains (ST-169, ST-170, ST-171) and the 2018 Algeria isolate (ST-4). Experimental infection resulted in fever and respiratory symptoms with serous nasal discharge. At postmortem, lung lesions of congestion and hepatization were observed with lymph node enlargement and foci of necrosis. The study confirms the high pathogenicity of the isolate and the important role of M. bovis in bovine respiratory disease.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Mycoplasma bovis/genetics ; Mycoplasma Infections/veterinary ; Mycoplasma Infections/microbiology ; Virulence ; Morocco ; Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Cattle Diseases/microbiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-14
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2017175-4
ISSN	1678-4405 ; 1517-8382
ISSN (online)	1678-4405
ISSN	1517-8382
DOI	10.1007/s42770-023-01061-8
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