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Article ; Online: A qualitative evaluation of stakeholder perspectives on sustainable financing strategies for 'priority' adolescent sexual and reproductive health interventions in Ghana.

Otieku, Evans / Fenny, Ama P / Achala, Daniel M / Ataguba, John E

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 373

Abstract: Background: Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) interventions are underfunded in Ghana. We explored stakeholder perspectives on innovative and sustainable financing strategies for priority ASRH interventions in Ghana.: Methods: Using ... ...

Abstract	Background: Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) interventions are underfunded in Ghana. We explored stakeholder perspectives on innovative and sustainable financing strategies for priority ASRH interventions in Ghana. Methods: Using qualitative design, we interviewed 36 key informants to evaluate sustainable financing sources for ASRH interventions in Ghana. Thematic content analysis of primary data was performed. Study reporting followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. Results: Proposed conventional financing strategies included tax-based, need-based, policy-based, and implementation-based approaches. Unconventional financing strategies recommended involved getting religious groups to support ASRH interventions as done to mobilize resources for the Ghana COVID-19 Trust Fund during the global pandemic. Other recommendations included leveraging existing opportunities like fundraising through annual adolescent and youth sporting activities to support ASRH interventions. Nonetheless, some participants believed financial, material, and non-material resources must complement each other to sustain funding for priority ASRH interventions. Conclusion: There are various sustainable financing strategies to close the funding gap for ASRH interventions in Ghana, but judicious management of financial, material, and non-material resources is needed to sustain priority ASRH interventions in Ghana.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Reproductive Health ; Ghana ; Sexual Behavior ; Adolescent Health ; Reproductive Health Services
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050434-2
ISSN	1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
ISSN (online)	1472-6963
ISSN	1472-6963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-024-10743-4
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Live to 70 Years and Older or Suffer in Silence: Understanding Health Insurance Status Among the Elderly Under the NHIS in Ghana.

Fenny, Ama P

Journal of aging & social policy

2017 Volume 29, Issue 4, Page(s) 352–370

Abstract: Ghana has introduced a National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). Embedded in the NHIS is a policy to exempt poor and vulnerable groups from premiums and user fees. There has been some debate as to why the start-off age for exemption among the elderly is ... ...

Abstract	Ghana has introduced a National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). Embedded in the NHIS is a policy to exempt poor and vulnerable groups from premiums and user fees. There has been some debate as to why the start-off age for exemption among the elderly is 70 years. Ghana has a shorter life expectancy than middle- and high-income countries and its current age of retirement is 60 years. This study explores the financial and social implications of continuing to charge premiums to people aged 60 to 69 years. Based on the analysis of data from a representative household survey, it is recommended that the exemption policy should be expanded to include all vulnerable elderly persons, regardless of age.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1545-0821
ISSN (online)	1545-0821
DOI	10.1080/08959420.2017.1328919
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Strategies for financing social health insurance schemes for providing universal health care: a comparative analysis of five countries.

Fenny, Ama P / Yates, Robert / Thompson, Rachel

Global health action

2021 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 1868054

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Background
MeSH term(s)	Ethiopia ; Ghana ; Healthcare Financing ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Kenya ; Rwanda ; Tanzania ; Universal Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2540569-X
ISSN	1654-9880 ; 1654-9880
ISSN (online)	1654-9880
ISSN	1654-9880
DOI	10.1080/16549716.2020.1868054
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Ghana's path to an industrial-led growth

Fenny, Ama P

International journal of economics and finance Vol. 9, No. 11 , p. 22-34

the role of decentralisation policies

2017 Volume 9, Issue 11, Page(s) 22–34

Author's details	Ama P. Fenny
Keywords	industrialisation ; decentralisation ; local institutions ; Ghana
Language	English
Publishing place	Toronto
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2531850-0 ; 2492503-2
ISSN	1916-9728 ; 1916-971X
ISSN (online)	1916-9728
ISSN	1916-971X
Database	ECONomics Information System

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Article ; Online: Antibiotics stewardship in Ghana: a cross-sectional study of public knowledge, attitudes, and practices among communities.

Jimah, Tamara / Fenny, Ama P / Ogunseitan, Oladele A

One health outlook

2020 Volume 2, Page(s) 12

Abstract: Background: Antibiotic resistance is a major contributing factor to global morbidity and mortality and is associated with inappropriate medication use. However, the level of antibiotic consumption and knowledge about antibiotic resistance in Ghana is ... ...

Abstract	Background: Antibiotic resistance is a major contributing factor to global morbidity and mortality and is associated with inappropriate medication use. However, the level of antibiotic consumption and knowledge about antibiotic resistance in Ghana is inadequately quantified. Our study identifies strategies for improved stewardship of antibiotics to prevent the proliferation of resistant pathogens by assessing the level of antibiotic knowledge, attitudes, and consumption behaviors by region, gender, age, and education in rural and urban Ghana. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 12 communities in the urban Greater Accra and rural Upper West regions of Ghana. A questionnaire survey was administered to 400 individuals aged 18 years and older in selected locations during September-October 2018 to collect data on individual knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning antibiotics and antibiotic resistance. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate the association between demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitudes, and related behaviors. Results: Over 30% (125/400) had not received a doctor's prescription during their last illness. Seventy percent (278/400) had taken at least one antibiotic in the year prior to the survey. The top five frequently used antibiotics were Conclusion: Antibiotic knowledge, attitudes, and use varied significantly across demographics, suggesting a context-specific approach to developing effective community interventions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2524-4655
ISSN (online)	2524-4655
DOI	10.1186/s42522-020-00021-8
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Alarming Levels of Multidrug Resistance in Aerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from the Nasopharynx of Healthy Under-Five Children in Accra, Ghana.

Osei, Mary-Magdalene / Dayie, Nicholas T K D / Azaglo, Godfred S K / Tettey, Elizabeth Y / Nartey, Edmund T / Fenny, Ama P / Manzi, Marcel / Kumar, Ajay M V / Labi, Appiah-Korang / Opintan, Japheth A / Sampane-Donkor, Eric

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 17

Abstract: Nasopharyngeal carriage of aerobic Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) may precede the development of invasive respiratory infections. We assessed the prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage of aerobic GNB and their antimicrobial resistance patterns among healthy ... ...

Abstract	Nasopharyngeal carriage of aerobic Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) may precede the development of invasive respiratory infections. We assessed the prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage of aerobic GNB and their antimicrobial resistance patterns among healthy under-five children attending seven selected day-care centres in the Accra metropolis of the Greater Accra region of Ghana from September to December 2016. This cross-sectional study analysed a total of 410 frozen nasopharyngeal samples for GNB and antimicrobial drug resistance. The GNB prevalence was 13.9% (95% CI: 10.8-17.6%). The most common GNB were
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Bacillus ; Bacteria, Aerobic ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli ; Ghana/epidemiology ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/epidemiology ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Nasopharynx/microbiology ; beta-Lactamases
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph191710927
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Treatment-seeking behaviour and social health insurance in Africa: the case of Ghana under the National Health Insurance Scheme.

Fenny, Ama P / Asante, Felix A / Enemark, Ulrika / Hansen, Kristian S

Global journal of health science

2014 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 296–314

Abstract: Health insurance is attracting more and more attention as a means for improving health care utilization and protecting households against impoverishment from out-of-pocket expenditures. Currently about 52 percent of the resources for financing health ... ...

Abstract	Health insurance is attracting more and more attention as a means for improving health care utilization and protecting households against impoverishment from out-of-pocket expenditures. Currently about 52 percent of the resources for financing health care services come from out of pocket sources or user fees in Africa. Therefore, Ghana serves as in interesting case study as it has successfully expanded coverage of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). The study aims to establish the treatment-seeking behaviour of households in Ghana under the NHI policy. The study relies on household data collected from three districts in Ghana covering the 3 ecological zones namely the coastal, forest and savannah.Out of the 1013 who sought care in the previous 4 weeks, 60% were insured and 71% of them sought care from a formal health facility. The results from the multinomial logit estimations show that health insurance and travel time to health facility are significant determinants of health care demand. Overall, compared to the uninsured, the insured are more likely to choose formal health facilities than informal care including self-medication when ill. We discuss the implications of these results as the concept of the NHIS grows widely in Ghana and serves as a good model for other African countries.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Ghana ; Health Expenditures ; Health Services Accessibility ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Theoretical ; National Health Programs ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-10-27
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2491737-0
ISSN	1916-9744 ; 1916-9736
ISSN (online)	1916-9744
ISSN	1916-9736
DOI	10.5539/gjhs.v7n1p296
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Article ; Online: Quality of uncomplicated malaria case management in Ghana among insured and uninsured patients.

Fenny, Ama P / Hansen, Kristian S / Enemark, Ulrika / Asante, Felix A

International journal for equity in health

2014 Volume 13, Page(s) 63

Abstract: Introduction: The National Health Insurance Act, 2003 (Act 650) established the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Ghana with the aim of increasing access to health care and improving the quality of basic health care services for all citizens. ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The National Health Insurance Act, 2003 (Act 650) established the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Ghana with the aim of increasing access to health care and improving the quality of basic health care services for all citizens. The main objective is to assess the effect of health insurance on the quality of case management for patients with uncomplicated malaria, ascertaining any significant differences in treatment between insured and non-insured patients. Method: A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 523 respondents diagnosed with malaria and prescribed malaria drugs from public and private health facilities in 3 districts across Ghana's three ecological zones. Collected information included initial examinations performed on patients (temperature, weight, age, blood pressure and pulse); observations of malaria symptoms by trained staff, laboratory tests conducted and type of drugs prescribed. Insurance status of patients, age, gender, education level and occupation were asked in the interviews. Results: Of the 523 patients interviewed, only 40 (8%) were uninsured. Routine recording of the patients' age, weight, and temperature was high in all the facilities. In general, assessments needed to identify suspected malaria were low in all the facilities with hot body/fever and headache ranking the highest and convulsion ranking the lowest. Parasitological assessments in all the facilities were also very low. All patients interviewed were prescribed ACTs which is in adherence to the drug of choice for malaria treatment in Ghana. However, there were no significant differences in the quality of malaria treatment given to the uninsured and insured patients. Conclusion: Adherence to the standard protocol of malaria treatment is low. This is especially the case for parasitological confirmation of all suspected malaria patients before treatment with an antimalarial as currently recommended for the effective management of malaria in the country. The results show that about 16 percent of total sample were parasitologically tested. Effective management of the disease demands proper diagnosis and treatment and therefore facilities need to be adequately supplied with RDTs or be equipped with well functioning laboratories to provide adequate testing.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antimalarials/therapeutic use ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Case Management/standards ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Ghana ; Guideline Adherence/standards ; Humans ; Insurance, Health/statistics & numerical data ; Malaria/drug therapy ; Male ; Medically Uninsured/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Patient Satisfaction ; Quality of Health Care/standards ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Antimalarials
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-07-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2092056-8
ISSN	1475-9276 ; 1475-9276
ISSN (online)	1475-9276
ISSN	1475-9276
DOI	10.1186/s12939-014-0063-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Who uses outpatient healthcare services under Ghana's health protection scheme and why?

Fenny, Ama P / Asante, Felix A / Arhinful, Daniel K / Kusi, Anthony / Parmar, Divya / Williams, Gemma

BMC health services research

2016 Volume 16, Page(s) 174

Abstract: Background: The National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) was launched in Ghana in 2003 with the main objective of increasing utilisation to healthcare by making healthcare more affordable. Previous studies on the NHIS have repeatedly highlighted that ... ...

Abstract	Background: The National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) was launched in Ghana in 2003 with the main objective of increasing utilisation to healthcare by making healthcare more affordable. Previous studies on the NHIS have repeatedly highlighted that cost of premiums is one of the major barriers for enrollment. However, despite introducing premium exemptions for pregnant women, older people, children and indigents, many Ghanaians are still not active members of the NHIS. In this paper we investigate why there is limited success of the NHIS in improving access to healthcare in Ghana and whether social exclusion could be one of the limiting barriers. The study explores this by looking at the Social, Political, Economic and Cultural (SPEC) dimensions of social exclusion. Methods: Using logistic regression, the study investigates the determinants of health service utilisation using SPEC variables including other variables. Data was collected from 4050 representative households in five districts in Ghana covering the 3 ecological zones (coastal, forest and savannah) in Ghana. Results: Among 16,200 individuals who responded to the survey, 54 % were insured. Out of the 1349 who sought health care, 64 % were insured and 65 % of them had basic education and 60 % were women. The results from the logistic regressions show health insurance status, education and gender to be the three main determinants of health care utilisation. Overall, a large proportion of the insured who reported ill, sought care from formal health care providers compared to those who had never insured in the scheme. Conclusion: The paper demonstrates that the NHIS presents a workable policy tool for increasing access to healthcare through an emphasis on social health protection. However, affordability is not the only barrier for access to health services. Geographical, social, cultural, informational, political, and other barriers also come into play.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Ambulatory Care/economics ; Ambulatory Care/utilization ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Delivery of Health Care/economics ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Ghana ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Medically Uninsured/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; National Health Programs/economics ; Outpatients/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Poverty/statistics & numerical data ; Public Policy ; Social Distance ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1472-6963
ISSN (online)	1472-6963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-016-1429-z
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The health-related impacts and costs of violence against women and girls on survivors, households and communities in Ghana.

Alvarado, Gina / Fenny, Ama P / Dakey, Samuel / Mueller, Jennifer L / O'Brien-Milne, Lila / Crentsil, Aba O / Duvvury, Nata / Scriver, Stacey / Schwenke, Chloe

Journal of public health in Africa

2018 Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 860

Abstract: Past research on violence in Ghana primarily discusses domestic violence and some types of sexual violence, but lacks a comprehensive analysis of violence against women and girls (VAWG) and its wider costs and impacts. Our study on the social costs of ... ...

Abstract	Past research on violence in Ghana primarily discusses domestic violence and some types of sexual violence, but lacks a comprehensive analysis of violence against women and girls (VAWG) and its wider costs and impacts. Our study on the social costs of VAWG is a unique contribution, which aims to fill that gap. Through indepth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) with adult women and men, we explored the health impact of VAWG and the resulting social and economic consequences on survivors, their families and their communities. The research, which took place in the Eastern, Central, and Greater Accra regions of Ghana, points to several physical and mental health outcomes among survivors including physical injuries and disability, as well as impacts on mental health such as anxiety and suicidal ideation. Many VAWG survivors also experience stigma and social isolation. Our findings also reveal that survivors' families can bear various social and economic costs. Lack of public and private service provision and shelters for survivors heighten these impacts. Without institutional support for survivors, families and communities absorb these costs of VAWG.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-01
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2574977-8
ISSN	2038-9930 ; 2038-9922
ISSN (online)	2038-9930
ISSN	2038-9922
DOI	10.4081/jphia.2018.860
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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