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  1. Article ; Online: The advancing mycelial frontier of ectomycorrhizal fungi.

    Fernandez, Christopher W

    The New phytologist

    2021  Volume 230, Issue 4, Page(s) 1296–1299

    MeSH term(s) Droughts ; Forests ; Fungi ; Mycelium ; Mycorrhizae ; Pinus ; Pinus sylvestris ; Quercus ; Soil
    Chemical Substances Soil
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 208885-x
    ISSN 1469-8137 ; 0028-646X
    ISSN (online) 1469-8137
    ISSN 0028-646X
    DOI 10.1111/nph.17281
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  2. Article ; Online: Interventional cardiologist perceptions about PCI without surgical backup-Results of an international survey.

    Fernandez, Christopher M / Shroff, Adhir R / Vidovich, Mladen I

    Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions

    2023  Volume 103, Issue 1, Page(s) 20–29

    Abstract: Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) without surgical backup is becoming increasingly common in the United States. Additionally, a recent SCAI expert consensus document has liberalized recommendations for performing PCI without cardiac ... ...

    Abstract Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) without surgical backup is becoming increasingly common in the United States. Additionally, a recent SCAI expert consensus document has liberalized recommendations for performing PCI without cardiac surgery on site (SOS).
    Aims: The current study sought to understand practice patterns and operator preferences with regard to performing PCI without SOS.
    Methods: Two internet-based surveys were distributed to interventional cardiologists worldwide. Survey items asked about operator demographics, procedural preferences when performing PCI without SOS, self-judged personality traits, and history of malpractice.
    Results: Between March 2021 and May 2021, 517 interventional cardiologists completed the survey; 341 of whom perform elective PCI without SOS (no-SOS operators), and 176 who perform elective PCI with surgical backup (SOS operators). Most operators were male 473 (91.5%). There was a greater proportion of SOS operators in academic practice (86 vs. 75, p < 0.001) and greater proportion of no-SOS operators in hospital-owned practices (158 vs. 56, p < 0.001). Lesion characteristics (left main, chronic total occlusions, and need for atherectomy) were the most important procedural attributes for no-SOS operators, and international operators reported higher comfort levels with PCI on high-risk lesions. Cumulative personality profile scores were similar between SOS and no-SOS operators. SOS operators expressed more concern with legal ramifications of performing PCI without SOS (2.57 vs. 2.34, p = 0.049).
    Conclusions: In the absence of surgical backup, lesion characteristics were the most important consideration for PCI patient selection for operators worldwide. Compared to the United States, international operators were more confident in performing high-risk PCI without surgical backup.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; United States ; Female ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects ; Cardiologists ; Treatment Outcome ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Hospitals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1459995-8
    ISSN 1522-726X ; 1522-1946
    ISSN (online) 1522-726X
    ISSN 1522-1946
    DOI 10.1002/ccd.30930
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    Zs.A 1226: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  3. Article ; Online: Artificial intelligence and sleep: Advancing sleep medicine.

    Watson, Nathaniel F / Fernandez, Christopher R

    Sleep medicine reviews

    2021  Volume 59, Page(s) 101512

    Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) allows analysis of "big data" combining clinical, environmental and laboratory based objective measures to allow a deeper understanding of sleep and sleep disorders. This development has the potential to transform sleep ... ...

    Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) allows analysis of "big data" combining clinical, environmental and laboratory based objective measures to allow a deeper understanding of sleep and sleep disorders. This development has the potential to transform sleep medicine in coming years to the betterment of patient care and our collective understanding of human sleep. This review addresses the current state of the field starting with a broad definition of the various components and analytic methods deployed in AI. We review examples of AI use in screening, endotyping, diagnosing, and treating sleep disorders and place this in the context of precision/personalized sleep medicine. We explore the opportunities for AI to both facilitate and extend providers' clinical impact and present ethical considerations regarding AI derived prognostic information. We cover early adopting specialties of AI in the clinical realm, such as radiology and pathology, to provide a road map for the challenges sleep medicine is likely to face when deploying this technology. Finally, we discuss pitfalls to ensure clinical AI implementation proceeds in the safest and most effective manner possible.
    MeSH term(s) Artificial Intelligence ; Humans ; Precision Medicine ; Radiology ; Sleep ; Sleep Wake Disorders/diagnosis ; Sleep Wake Disorders/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1414211-9
    ISSN 1532-2955 ; 1087-0792
    ISSN (online) 1532-2955
    ISSN 1087-0792
    DOI 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101512
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    Zs.A 5901: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article: Intermittent Blurry Vision: An Unexpected Presentation of Cushing's Syndrome Due to Primary Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia (PBMAH).

    Fernandez, Christopher / Bhatia, Smriti / Rucker, Ariana / Celio, Lee

    Cureus

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 5, Page(s) e25017

    Abstract: Cushing's syndrome (CS) is an uncommon endocrine disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to elevated glucocorticoids, with 10-15 million annual cases per the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Exogenous and endogenous causes can further be ...

    Abstract Cushing's syndrome (CS) is an uncommon endocrine disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to elevated glucocorticoids, with 10-15 million annual cases per the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Exogenous and endogenous causes can further be divided into adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) dependent (i.e Cushing's Disease) or ACTH independent. ACTH-independent CS can be caused by primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) representing less than 1% cases of CS. We report a case of a woman presenting with chronic resistant hypertension, episodic blurry vision, weight gain and wasting of extremities. She was diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome due to PBMAH. Our patient's presentation was unusual as she presented at 40 years old, 10 years earlier than expected for PBMAH; and primarily with complaints of episodic blurry vision. Her symptoms also progressed rapidly as signs and symptoms largely presented over the course of 12 months, however responded well to surgical resection.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.25017
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  5. Article ; Online: The continuing relevance of "older" mycorrhiza literature: insights from the work of John Laker Harley (1911-1990).

    Koide, Roger T / Fernandez, Christopher W

    Mycorrhiza

    2018  Volume 28, Issue 7, Page(s) 577–586

    Abstract: To new generations of scientists beginning their careers in research, we strongly recommend the practice of reading older literature. To illustrate the value of doing so, we highlight six insights of one of the most influential mycorrhiza researchers of ... ...

    Abstract To new generations of scientists beginning their careers in research, we strongly recommend the practice of reading older literature. To illustrate the value of doing so, we highlight six insights of one of the most influential mycorrhiza researchers of the twentieth century, Jack Harley. These insights concerning mycotrophy, the new niche, the sheath, C cycling, N cycling, and mutualism were published prior to 1975 and so may have escaped the notice of many, but they laid the groundwork for some of the most important research of today.
    MeSH term(s) Botany/history ; History, 20th Century ; Mycology/history ; Mycorrhizae/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-16
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1087945-6
    ISSN 1432-1890 ; 0940-6360
    ISSN (online) 1432-1890
    ISSN 0940-6360
    DOI 10.1007/s00572-018-0854-8
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  6. Article: Does Smoking Cannabis Increase the Risk of Barrett's Esophagus?

    Levy, Joshua / Buhl, Keith / Fernandez, Christopher / Kumaraswamy, Jayaram

    Cureus

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) e6913

    Abstract: Millions of Americans smoke cannabis every day. With the recent legalization of cannabis in many states, the number of Americans who smoke cannabis is expected to climb even higher. This case report presents a chronic cannabis smoker who developed severe ...

    Abstract Millions of Americans smoke cannabis every day. With the recent legalization of cannabis in many states, the number of Americans who smoke cannabis is expected to climb even higher. This case report presents a chronic cannabis smoker who developed severe Barrett's esophagus at a young age. A 41-year-old African American male presented with an exacerbation of nausea and vomiting. The patient reported that he smoked cannabis two to three times daily for the past 20 years. Upper endoscopy and subsequent histology analysis displayed long-segment Barrett's esophagus indefinite for dysplasia. The patient was encouraged to cease cannabis use and have a follow-up endoscopy in 3-6 months. Barrett's esophagus is rare in African Americans; however, with the increase in the prevalence of cannabis smoking, endoscopic surveillance guidelines may need to be modified to include younger African Americans who chronically smoke cannabis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.6913
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  7. Article ; Online: Climate change-induced stress disrupts ectomycorrhizal interaction networks at the boreal-temperate ecotone.

    Fernandez, Christopher W / Mielke, Louis / Stefanski, Artur / Bermudez, Raimundo / Hobbie, Sarah E / Montgomery, Rebecca A / Reich, Peter B / Kennedy, Peter G

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2023  Volume 120, Issue 34, Page(s) e2221619120

    Abstract: The interaction networks formed by ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) and their tree hosts, which are important to both forest recruitment and ecosystem carbon and nutrient retention, may be particularly susceptible to climate change at the boreal-temperate ... ...

    Abstract The interaction networks formed by ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) and their tree hosts, which are important to both forest recruitment and ecosystem carbon and nutrient retention, may be particularly susceptible to climate change at the boreal-temperate forest ecotone where environmental conditions are changing rapidly. Here, we quantified the compositional and functional trait responses of EMF communities and their interaction networks with two boreal (
    MeSH term(s) Mycorrhizae ; Ecosystem ; Climate Change ; Forests ; Trees/physiology ; Pinus/microbiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2221619120
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    Zs.A 1148: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  8. Article ; Online: Use of Intravascular Ultrasound and Coronary Angiography to Measure the Prevalence of Myocardial Bridge in Heart Transplant Patients.

    Medina, Frank / Estrada, Andy / Fernandez, Christopher / Balkhy, Husam / Kim, Gene / Shah, Atman / Nathan, Sandeep / Paul, Jonathan / Kalathiya, Rohan / Blair, John

    The American journal of cardiology

    2023  Volume 205, Page(s) 176–181

    Abstract: Myocardial bridge (MB) detection rates vary across methods and most studies that have assessed MB include symptomatic patients. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a sensitive tool for MB detection and donor hearts may serve as a surrogate measure of ... ...

    Abstract Myocardial bridge (MB) detection rates vary across methods and most studies that have assessed MB include symptomatic patients. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a sensitive tool for MB detection and donor hearts may serve as a surrogate measure of asymptomatic patients. We used IVUS and coronary angiography to measure MB prevalence in heart transplant patients during routine follow-up invasive coronary assessments. This was a retrospective, single-center study of heart transplant patients who received follow-up coronary assessments at the University of Chicago Heart and Vascular Center between December 2014 and December 2021. A single experienced interventional cardiologist assessed incidental findings of MB in IVUS and coronary angiography. Detection rates were compared with meta-analysis-reported prevalence. Of 129 patients, IVUS-detected MB in 87 patients (67.4%), whereas coronary angiography detected 41 (31.8%). All MB found by coronary angiography were detected by IVUS. Some level of cardiac allograft vasculopathy was found in 92 patients (71.3%). Our IVUS-detected MB prevalence was greater than meta-analysis-reported pooled prevalence across all methods: autopsy, computed tomography angiography, and coronary angiography (67.4% [95% confidence interval [CI] 59.4 to 75.5] vs 42% [95% CI 30 to 55]; 22% [95% CI 18 to 25]; 6% [95% CI 5 to 8], p ≤0.005). The difference between our observed IVUS-detected MB prevalence and meta-analysis autopsy reported MB prevalence was 1.25 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.40). In conclusion, the high prevalence of MB recorded in donor hearts emphasizes the need to further investigate the causes of chest pain in patients who are found to have MB.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Heart Transplantation ; Coronary Angiography ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Tissue Donors ; Ultrasonography, Interventional
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80014-4
    ISSN 1879-1913 ; 0002-9149
    ISSN (online) 1879-1913
    ISSN 0002-9149
    DOI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.07.173
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    Ui IV Zs.73: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article: Warming drives a ‘hummockification’ of microbial communities associated with decomposing mycorrhizal fungal necromass in peatlands

    Maillard, François / Fernandez, Christopher W. / Mundra, Sunil / Heckman, Katherine A. / Kolka, Randall K. / Kauserud, Håvard / Kennedy, Peter G.

    The new phytologist. 2022 June, v. 234, no. 6

    2022  

    Abstract: Dead fungal mycelium (necromass) represents a critical component of soil carbon (C) and nutrient cycles. Assessing how the microbial communities associated with decomposing fungal necromass change as global temperatures rise will help in determining how ... ...

    Abstract Dead fungal mycelium (necromass) represents a critical component of soil carbon (C) and nutrient cycles. Assessing how the microbial communities associated with decomposing fungal necromass change as global temperatures rise will help in determining how these belowground organic matter inputs contribute to ecosystem responses. In this study, we characterized the structure of bacterial and fungal communities associated with multiple types of decaying mycorrhizal fungal necromass incubated within mesh bags across a 9°C whole ecosystem temperature enhancement in a boreal peatland. We found major taxonomic and functional shifts in the microbial communities present on decaying mycorrhizal fungal necromass in response to warming. These changes were most pronounced in hollow microsites, which showed convergence towards the necromass‐associated microbial communities present in unwarmed hummocks. We also observed a high colonization of ericoid mycorrhizal fungal necromass by fungi from the same genera as the necromass. These results indicate that microbial communities associated with mycorrhizal fungal necromass decomposition are likely to change significantly with future climate warming, which may have strong impacts on soil biogeochemical cycles in peatlands. Additionally, the high enrichment of congeneric fungal decomposers on ericoid mycorrhizal necromass may help to explain the increase in ericoid shrub dominance in warming peatlands.
    Keywords climate ; ecosystems ; mycelium ; mycorrhizal fungi ; necromass ; organic matter ; peatlands ; shrubs ; soil ; soil carbon ; temperature
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-06
    Size p. 2032-2043.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 208885-x
    ISSN 1469-8137 ; 0028-646X
    ISSN (online) 1469-8137
    ISSN 0028-646X
    DOI 10.1111/nph.17755
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Decelerated carbon cycling by ectomycorrhizal fungi is controlled by substrate quality and community composition.

    Fernandez, Christopher W / See, Craig R / Kennedy, Peter G

    The New phytologist

    2019  Volume 226, Issue 2, Page(s) 569–582

    Abstract: Interactions between symbiotic ectomycorrhizal (EM) and free-living saprotrophs can result in significant deceleration of leaf litter decomposition. While this phenomenon is widely cited, its generality remains unclear, as both the direction and ... ...

    Abstract Interactions between symbiotic ectomycorrhizal (EM) and free-living saprotrophs can result in significant deceleration of leaf litter decomposition. While this phenomenon is widely cited, its generality remains unclear, as both the direction and magnitude of EM fungal effects on leaf litter decomposition have been shown to vary among studies. Here we explicitly examine how contrasting leaf litter types and EM fungal communities may lead to differential effects on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. Specifically, we measured the response of soil nutrient cycling, litter decay rates, litter chemistry and fungal community structure to the reduction of EM fungi (via trenching) with a reciprocal litter transplant experiment in adjacent Pinus- or Quercus-dominated sites. We found clear evidence of EM fungal suppression of C and N cycling in the Pinus-dominated site, but no suppression in the Quercus-dominated site. Additionally, in the Pinus-dominated site, only the Pinus litter decay rates were decelerated by EM fungi and were associated with decoupling of litter C and N cycling. Our results support the hypothesis that EM fungi can decelerate C cycling via N competition, but strongly suggest that the 'Gadgil effect' is dependent on both substrate quality and EM fungal community composition. We argue that understanding tree host traits as well as EM fungal functional diversity is critical to a more mechanistic understanding of how EM fungi mediate forest soil biogeochemical cycling.
    MeSH term(s) Carbon ; Carbon Cycle ; Fungi ; Mycorrhizae ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology ; Trees
    Chemical Substances Soil ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 208885-x
    ISSN 1469-8137 ; 0028-646X
    ISSN (online) 1469-8137
    ISSN 0028-646X
    DOI 10.1111/nph.16269
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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