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Article ; Online: Establishing gold and platinum standards to 1 terapascal using shockless compression.

Fratanduono, D E / Millot, M / Braun, D G / Ali, S J / Fernandez-Pañella, A / Seagle, C T / Davis, J-P / Brown, J L / Akahama, Y / Kraus, R G / Marshall, M C / Smith, R F / O'Bannon, E F / McNaney, J M / Eggert, J H

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2021 Volume 372, Issue 6546, Page(s) 1063–1068

Abstract: New techniques are advancing the frontier of high-pressure physics beyond 1 terapascal, leading to new discoveries and offering stringent tests for condensed-matter theory and advanced numerical methods. However, the ability to absolutely determine the ... ...

Abstract	New techniques are advancing the frontier of high-pressure physics beyond 1 terapascal, leading to new discoveries and offering stringent tests for condensed-matter theory and advanced numerical methods. However, the ability to absolutely determine the pressure state remains challenging, and well-calibrated pressure-density reference materials are required. We conducted shockless dynamic compression experiments at the National Ignition Facility and the Z machine to obtain quasi-absolute, high-precision, pressure-density equation-of-state data for gold and platinum. We derived two experimentally constrained pressure standards to terapascal conditions. Establishing accurate experimental determinations of extreme pressure will facilitate better connections between experiments and theory, paving the way toward improving our understanding of material response to these extreme conditions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.abh0364
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Article ; Online: Laser-driven ramp-compression experiments on the national ignition facility.

Smith, Raymond F / Volz, Travis J / Celliers, Peter M / Braun, David G / Swift, Damian C / Gorman, Martin G / Briggs, Richard / Fernandez-Pañella, Amalia / Kirsch, Leo E / Marshall, Michelle C / McNaney, James M / Eggert, Jon H / Fratanduono, Dayne E / Ali, Suzanne J

The Review of scientific instruments

2023 Volume 94, Issue 8

Abstract: This report details the analyses and related uncertainties in measuring longitudinal-stress-density paths in indirect laser-driven ramp equation-of-state (EOS) experiments [Smith et al., Nat. Astron. 2(6), 452-458 (2018); Smith et al., Nature 511(7509), ... ...

Abstract	This report details the analyses and related uncertainties in measuring longitudinal-stress-density paths in indirect laser-driven ramp equation-of-state (EOS) experiments [Smith et al., Nat. Astron. 2(6), 452-458 (2018); Smith et al., Nature 511(7509), 330-333 (2014); Fratanduono et al., Science 372(6546), 1063-1068 (2021); and Fratanduono et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124(1), 015701 (2020)]. Experiments were conducted at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) located at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The NIF can deliver up to 2 MJ of laser energy over 30 ns and provide the necessary laser power and control to ramp compress materials to TPa pressures (1 TPa = 10 × 106 atmospheres). These data provide low-temperature solid-state EOS data relevant to the extreme conditions found in the deep interiors of giant planets. In these experiments, multi-stepped samples with thicknesses in the range of 40-120 µm experience an initial shock compression followed by a time-dependent ramp compression to peak pressure. Interface velocity measurements from each thickness combine to place a constraint on the Lagrangian sound speed as a function of particle velocity, which in turn allows for the determination of a continuous stress-density path to high levels of compressibility. In this report, we present a detailed description of the experimental techniques and measurement uncertainties and describe how these uncertainties combine to place a final uncertainty in both stress and density. We address the effects of time-dependent deformation and the sensitivity of ramp EOS techniques to the onset of phase transformations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/5.0150031
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Article ; Online: Shock Compression of Liquid Deuterium up to 1 TPa.

Fernandez-Pañella, A / Millot, M / Fratanduono, D E / Desjarlais, M P / Hamel, S / Marshall, M C / Erskine, D J / Sterne, P A / Haan, S / Boehly, T R / Collins, G W / Eggert, J H / Celliers, P M

Physical review letters

2019 Volume 122, Issue 25, Page(s) 255702

Abstract: We present laser-driven shock compression experiments on cryogenic liquid deuterium to 550 GPa along the principal Hugoniot and reflected-shock data up to 1 TPa. High-precision interferometric Doppler velocimetry and impedance-matching analysis were used ...

Abstract	We present laser-driven shock compression experiments on cryogenic liquid deuterium to 550 GPa along the principal Hugoniot and reflected-shock data up to 1 TPa. High-precision interferometric Doppler velocimetry and impedance-matching analysis were used to determine the compression accurately enough to reveal a significant difference as compared to state-of-the-art ab initio calculations and thus, no single equation of state model fully matches the principal Hugoniot of deuterium over the observed pressure range. In the molecular-to-atomic transition pressure range, models based on density functional theory calculations predict the maximum compression accurately. However, beyond 250 GPa along the principal Hugoniot, first-principles models exhibit a stiffer response than the experimental data. Similarly, above 500 GPa the reflected shock data show 5%-7% higher compression than predicted by all current models.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.255702
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Article ; Online: Measurement of Body-Centered Cubic Gold and Melting under Shock Compression.

Briggs, R / Coppari, F / Gorman, M G / Smith, R F / Tracy, S J / Coleman, A L / Fernandez-Pañella, A / Millot, M / Eggert, J H / Fratanduono, D E

Physical review letters

2019 Volume 123, Issue 4, Page(s) 45701

Abstract: We combined laser shock compression with in situ x-ray diffraction to probe the crystallographic state of gold (Au) on its principal shock Hugoniot. Au has long been recognized as an important calibration standard in diamond anvil cell experiments due to ...

Abstract	We combined laser shock compression with in situ x-ray diffraction to probe the crystallographic state of gold (Au) on its principal shock Hugoniot. Au has long been recognized as an important calibration standard in diamond anvil cell experiments due to the stability of its face-centered cubic (fcc) structure to extremely high pressures (P >600 GPa at 300 K). This is in contrast to density functional theory and first principles calculations of the high-pressure phases of Au that predict a variety of fcc-like structures with different stacking arrangements at intermediate pressures. In this Letter, we probe high-pressure and high-temperature conditions on the shock Hugoniot and observe fcc Au at 169 GPa and the first evidence of body-centered cubic (bcc) Au at 223 GPa. Upon further compression, the bcc phase is observed in coexistence with liquid scattering as the Hugoniot crosses the Au melt curve before 322 GPa. The results suggest a triple point on the Au phase diagram that lies very close to the principal shock Hugoniot near ∼220 GPa.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.045701
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Article ; Online: Probing the Solid Phase of Noble Metal Copper at Terapascal Conditions.

Fratanduono, D E / Smith, R F / Ali, S J / Braun, D G / Fernandez-Pañella, A / Zhang, S / Kraus, R G / Coppari, F / McNaney, J M / Marshall, M C / Kirch, L E / Swift, D C / Millot, M / Wicks, J K / Eggert, J H

Physical review letters

2020 Volume 124, Issue 1, Page(s) 15701

Abstract: Ramp compression along a low-temperature adiabat offers a unique avenue to explore the physical properties of materials at the highest densities of their solid form, a region inaccessible by single shock compression. Using the National Ignition Facility ... ...

Abstract	Ramp compression along a low-temperature adiabat offers a unique avenue to explore the physical properties of materials at the highest densities of their solid form, a region inaccessible by single shock compression. Using the National Ignition Facility and OMEGA laser facilities, copper samples were ramp compressed to peak pressures of 2.30 TPa and densities of nearly 30 g/cc, providing fundamental information regarding the compressibility and phase of copper at pressures more than 5 times greater than previously explored. Through x-ray diffraction measurements, we find that the ambient face-centered-cubic structure is preserved up to 1.15 TPa. The ramp compression equation-of-state measurements shows that there are no discontinuities in sound velocities up to 2.30 TPa, suggesting this phase is likely stable up to the peak pressures measured, as predicted by first-principal calculations. The high precision of these quasiabsolute measurements enables us to provide essential benchmarks for advanced computational studies on the behavior of dense monoatomic materials under extreme conditions that constitute a stringent test for solid-state quantum theory. We find that both density-functional theory and the stabilized jellium model, which assumes that the ionic structure can be replaced by an ionic charge distribution by constant positive-charge background, reproduces our data well. Further, our data could serve to establish new international secondary scales of pressure in the terapascal range that is becoming experimentally accessible with advanced static and dynamic compression techniques.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.015701
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Book ; Online: A structural study of hcp and liquid iron under shock compression up to 275 GPa

Singh, Saransh / Briggs, Richard / Gorman, Martin G. / Benedict, Lorin X. / Wu, Christine J. / Hamel, Sebastien / Coleman, Amy L. / Coppari, Federica / Fernandez-Panella, Amalia / McGuire, Christopher / Sims, Melissa / Wicks, June K. / Eggert, Jon H. / Fratanduono, Dayne E. / Smith, Raymond F.

2023

Abstract: We combine nanosecond laser shock compression with \emph{in-situ} picosecond X-ray diffraction to provide structural data on iron up to 275 GPa. We constrain the extent of hcp-liquid coexistence, the onset of total melt, and the structure within the ... ...

Abstract	We combine nanosecond laser shock compression with \emph{in-situ} picosecond X-ray diffraction to provide structural data on iron up to 275 GPa. We constrain the extent of hcp-liquid coexistence, the onset of total melt, and the structure within the liquid phase. Our results indicate that iron, under shock compression, melts completely by 258(8) GPa. A coordination number analysis indicates that iron is a simple liquid at these pressure-temperature conditions. We also perform texture analysis between the ambient body-centered-cubic (bcc) $\alpha$, and the hexagonal-closed-packed (hcp) high-pressure $\epsilon-$phase. We rule out the Rong-Dunlop orientation relationship (OR) between the $\alpha$ and $\epsilon-$phases. However, we cannot distinguish between three other closely related ORs: Burger's, Mao-Bassett-Takahashi, and Potter's OR. The solid-liquid coexistence region is constrained from a melt onset pressure of 225(3) GPa from previously published sound speed measurements and full melt (246.5(1.8)-258(8) GPa) from X-ray diffraction measurements, with an associated maximum latent heat of melting of 623 J/g. This value is lower than recently reported theoretical estimates and suggests that the contribution to the earth's geodynamo energy budget from heat release due to freezing of the inner core is smaller than previously thought. Melt pressures for these nanosecond shock experiments are consistent with gas gun shock experiments that last for microseconds, indicating that the melt transition occurs rapidly.
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Subject code	660
Publishing date	2023-04-16
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: In situ observation of a phase transition in silicon carbide under shock compression using pulsed x-ray diffraction

Tracy, S. / Smith, R. / Wicks, J. / Fratanduono, D. / Gleason, A. / Bolme, C. / Prakapenka, V. / Speziale, S. / Appel, K. / Fernandez-Pañella, A. / Lee, H. / MacKinnon, A. / Tavella, F. / Eggert, J. / Duffy, T.

Physical Review B

2019

Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Thermal conductivity measurements of proton-heated warm dense aluminum.

McKelvey, A / Kemp, G E / Sterne, P A / Fernandez-Panella, A / Shepherd, R / Marinak, M / Link, A / Collins, G W / Sio, H / King, J / Freeman, R R / Hua, R / McGuffey, C / Kim, J / Beg, F N / Ping, Y

Scientific reports

2017 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 7015

Abstract: Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution, and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. In the warm dense ... ...

Abstract	Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution, and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. In the warm dense matter regime, experimental data are very scarce so that many theoretical models remain untested. Here we present the first thermal conductivity measurements of aluminum at 0.5-2.7 g/cc and 2-10 eV, using a recently developed platform of differential heating. A temperature gradient is induced in a Au/Al dual-layer target by proton heating, and subsequent heat flow from the hotter Au to the Al rear surface is detected by two simultaneous time-resolved diagnostics. A systematic data set allows for constraining both thermal conductivity and equation-of-state models. Simulations using Purgatorio model or Sesame S27314 for Al thermal conductivity and LEOS for Au/Al release equation-of-state show good agreement with data after 15 ps. Discrepancy still exists at early time 0-15 ps, likely due to non-equilibrium conditions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-017-07173-0
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Article ; Online: Imaging at an x-ray absorption edge using free electron laser pulses for interface dynamics in high energy density systems.

Beckwith, M A / Jiang, S / Schropp, A / Fernandez-Pañella, A / Rinderknecht, H G / Wilks, S C / Fournier, K B / Galtier, E C / Xing, Z / Granados, E / Gamboa, E / Glenzer, S H / Heimann, P / Zastrau, U / Cho, B I / Eggert, J H / Collins, G W / Ping, Y

The Review of scientific instruments

2017 Volume 88, Issue 5, Page(s) 53501

Abstract: Tuning the energy of an x-ray probe to an absorption line or edge can provide material-specific measurements that are particularly useful for interfaces. Simulated hard x-ray images above the Fe K-edge are presented to examine ion diffusion across an ... ...

Abstract	Tuning the energy of an x-ray probe to an absorption line or edge can provide material-specific measurements that are particularly useful for interfaces. Simulated hard x-ray images above the Fe K-edge are presented to examine ion diffusion across an interface between Fe
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/1.4982166
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Conference proceedings ; Online: High-pressure phase transition in silicon carbide under shock loading using ultrafast x-ray diffraction

Tracy, S. / Smith, R. / Wicks, J. / Fratanduono, D. / Gleason, A. / Bolme, C. / Speziale, S. / Appel, K. / Prakapenka, V. / Fernandez Panella, A. / Lee , H. / MacKinnon, A. / Eggert, J. / Duffy, T.

Abstracts

2017

Abstract: The behavior of silicon carbide (SiC) under shock loading was investigated through a series of time-resolved pump-probe x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. SiC is found at impact sites and has been put forward as a possible constituent in the proposed ... ...

Abstract	The behavior of silicon carbide (SiC) under shock loading was investigated through a series of time-resolved pump-probe x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. SiC is found at impact sites and has been put forward as a possible constituent in the proposed class of extra-solar planets known as carbon planets. Previous studies have used wave profile measurements to identify a phase transition under shock loading near 1 Mbar, but crystal structure information was not obtained. We have carried out an in situ XRD study of shock-compressed SiC using the Matter in Extreme Conditions instrument of the Linac Coherent Light Source. The femtosecond time resolution of the x-ray free electron laser allows for the determination of time-dependent atomic arrangements during shock loading and release. Two high-powered lasers were used to generate ablation-driven compression waves in the samples. Time scans were performed using the same drive conditions and nominally identical targets. For each shot in a scan, XRD data was collected at a different probe time after the shock had entered the SiC. Probe times extended up to 40 ns after release. Scans were carried out for peak pressures of 120 and 185 GPa. Our results demonstrate that SiC transforms directly from the ambient tetrahedrally-coordinated phase to the octahedral B1 structure on the nanosecond timescale of laser-drive experiments and reverts to the tetrahedrally coordinated ambient phase within nanoseconds of release. The data collected at 120 GPa exhibit diffraction peaks from both compressed ambient phase and transformed B1 phase, while the data at 185 GPa show a complete transformation to the B1 phase. Densities determined from XRD peaks are in agreement with an extrapolation of previous continuum data as well as theoretical predictions. Additionally, a high degree of texture was retained in both the high-pressure phase as well as on back transformation. Two-dimensional fits to the XRD data reveal details of the orientational relationships between the low- and high-pressure phases that can be interpreted to provide information about transformation pathways between tetrahedral and octahedral coordination structures.
Subject code	530
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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