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Article ; Online: Machine learning approaches to predict TAS2R receptors for bitterants.

Ferri, Francesco / Cannariato, Marco / Deriu, Marco Agostino / Pallante, Lorenzo

2024

Abstract: Bitter taste involves the detection of diverse chemical compounds by a family of G protein-coupled receptors, known as taste receptor type 2 (TAS2R). It is often linked to toxins and harmful compounds and in particular bitter taste receptors participate ... ...

Abstract	Bitter taste involves the detection of diverse chemical compounds by a family of G protein-coupled receptors, known as taste receptor type 2 (TAS2R). It is often linked to toxins and harmful compounds and in particular bitter taste receptors participate in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, modulation of immune and inflammatory responses, and may have implications for various diseases. Human TAS2Rs are characterized by their polymorphism and differ in localization and function. Different receptors can activate various signaling pathways depending on the tissue and the ligand. However, in vitro screening of possible TAS2R ligands is costly and time-consuming. For this reason, in silico methods to predict bitterant-TAS2R interactions could be powerful tools to help in the selection of ligands and targets for experimental studies and improve our knowledge of bitter receptor roles. Machine learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence that applies algorithms to large datasets to learn from patterns and make predictions. In recent years, there has been a record of numerous taste classifiers in literature, especially on bitter/non-bitter or bitter/sweet classification. However, only a few of them exploit ML to predict which TAS2R receptors could be targeted by bitter molecules. Indeed, the shortage and incompleteness of data on receptor-ligand associations in literature make this task non-trivial. In this work, we provide an overview of the state of the art dealing with this specific investigation, focusing on three ML-based models, namely BitterX (2016), BitterSweet (2019) and BitterMatch (2022). This review aims to establish the foundation for future research endeavours focused on addressing the limitations and drawbacks of existing models.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	280318-5
ISSN	1097-0290 ; 0006-3592
ISSN (online)	1097-0290
ISSN	0006-3592
DOI	10.1002/bit.28709
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Article ; Online: Online Health Information Seeking: An Italian Case Study for Analyzing Citizens' Behavior and Perception.

D'Andrea, Alessia / Grifoni, Patrizia / Ferri, Fernando

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 2

Abstract: This study aims to understand people's behavior when searching for online health information (and COVID-19 information) and their perception of the trustworthiness and credibility of the searched information, the actors, and sources used to obtain it. A ... ...

Abstract	This study aims to understand people's behavior when searching for online health information (and COVID-19 information) and their perception of the trustworthiness and credibility of the searched information, the actors, and sources used to obtain it. A questionnaire addressed to people who permanently live in Italy between ages 19 and 60 has been used to collect data. Data extracted from the analysis are reassuring from the point of view of trust and credibility both in the actors and in the sources used to obtain information on health and COVID-19. A correlation between the analyzed individual features, the online health information-seeking behavior, and perception resulted from the analysis. The study also underlined a positive correlation between the perception of the influence of information on the knowledge of health problems and the ability to identify false online health information, and between the experience in detecting false health online information and the ability to detect it. Finally, a positive correlation also resulted between the experience in finding online health information and the experience in finding false COVID-19 information.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Information Seeking Behavior ; Italy/epidemiology ; Trust ; Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20021076
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Article ; Online: When the heart inhibits the brain: Cardiac phases modulate short-interval intracortical inhibition.

Paci, Mario / Cardellicchio, Pasquale / Di Luzio, Paolo / Perrucci, Mauro Gianni / Ferri, Francesca / Costantini, Marcello

iScience

2024 Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 109140

Abstract: The phasic cardiovascular activity influences the central nervous system through the systolic baroreceptor inputs, inducing widespread inhibitory effects on behavior. Through transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) delivered during resting-state over the ...

Abstract	The phasic cardiovascular activity influences the central nervous system through the systolic baroreceptor inputs, inducing widespread inhibitory effects on behavior. Through transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) delivered during resting-state over the left primary motor cortex and across the different cardiac phases, we measured corticospinal excitability (CSE) and distinct indices of intracortical motor inhibition: short (SICI) and long (LICI) interval, corresponding to GABA
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-0042
ISSN (online)	2589-0042
DOI	10.1016/j.isci.2024.109140
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Article ; Online: Corrigendum to "The impact of cardiac phases on multisensory integration" [Biological Psychology 182 (2023) 108642].

Saltafossi, Martina / Zaccaro, Andrea / Perrucci, Mauro Gianni / Ferri, Francesca / Costantini, Marcello

Biological psychology

2024 Volume 187, Page(s) 108788

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	185105-6
ISSN	1873-6246 ; 0301-0511
ISSN (online)	1873-6246
ISSN	0301-0511
DOI	10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108788
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Article ; Online: Heart is deceitful above all things: Threat expectancy induces the illusory perception of increased heartrate.

Parrotta, Eleonora / Bach, Patric / Perrucci, Mauro Gianni / Costantini, Marcello / Ferri, Francesca

Cognition

2024 Volume 245, Page(s) 105719

Abstract: It has been suggested that our perception of the internal milieu, or the body's internal state, is shaped by our beliefs and previous knowledge about the body's expected state, rather than being solely based on actual interoceptive experiences. This ... ...

Abstract	It has been suggested that our perception of the internal milieu, or the body's internal state, is shaped by our beliefs and previous knowledge about the body's expected state, rather than being solely based on actual interoceptive experiences. This study investigated whether heartbeat perception could be illusorily distorted towards prior subjective beliefs, such that threat expectations suffice to induce a misperception of heartbeat frequency. Participants were instructed to focus on their cardiac activity and report their heartbeat, either tapping along to it (Experiment 1) or silently counting (Experiment 2) while ECG was recorded. While completing this task, different cues provided valid predictive information about the intensity of an upcoming cutaneous stimulation (high- vs. low- pain). Results showed that participants expected a heart rate increase over the anticipation of high- vs. low-pain stimuli and that this belief was perceptually instantiated, as suggested by their interoceptive reports. Importantly, the perceived increase was not mirrored by the real heart rate. Perceptual modulations were absent when participants executed the same task but with an exteroceptive stimulus (Experiment 3). The findings reveal, for the first time, an interoceptive illusion of increased heartbeats elicited by threat expectancy and shed new light on interoceptive processes through the lenses of Bayesian predictive processes, providing tantalizing insights into how such illusory phenomena may intersect with the recognition and regulation of people's internal states.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Illusions/physiology ; Bayes Theorem ; Interoception/physiology ; Cues ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Pain ; Awareness/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-25
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1499940-7
ISSN	1873-7838 ; 0010-0277
ISSN (online)	1873-7838
ISSN	0010-0277
DOI	10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105719
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Article ; Online: The relationship between perseverative thinking, proactive control, and inhibition in psychological distress: a study in a women's cohort.

Mattioni, Lorenzo / Spada, Marcantonio M / Ferri, Francesca / Sestieri, Carlo

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 19319

Abstract: Cognitive control is a core feature of several mental disorders. A recent account poses that health problems may derive from proactive forms of cognitive control that maintain stress representation over time. The working hypothesis of the present study ... ...

Abstract	Cognitive control is a core feature of several mental disorders. A recent account poses that health problems may derive from proactive forms of cognitive control that maintain stress representation over time. The working hypothesis of the present study is that psychological distress is caused by the tendency to select a particular maladaptive self-regulation strategy over time, namely perseverative thinking, rather than by transient stimulus-response patterns. To test this hypothesis, we asked 84 women to carry out a battery of standardized questionnaires regarding their tendency to undertake perseverative thinking and their level of psychological distress, followed by cognitive tasks measuring the tendency to use proactive versus reactive control modality and disinhibition. Through a series of mediation analyses, we demonstrate that the tendency to use proactive control correlates with psychological distress and that this relation is mediated by perseverative thinking. Moreover, we show that the relation between low inhibitory control and psychological stress is more strongly mediated by perseverative thinking than impulsiveness, a classical construct that focuses on more transient reactions to stimuli. The present results underline the importance of considering psychological distress as the consequence of a maladaptive way of applying control over time, rather than the result of a general deficit in cognitive control abilities.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Cognition ; Mental Disorders ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Negotiating ; Psychological Distress
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-46713-9
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Article ; Online: Beyond peripersonal boundaries: insights from crossmodal interactions.

Finotti, Gianluca / Menicagli, Dario / Migliorati, Daniele / Costantini, Marcello / Ferri, Francesca

Cognitive processing

2023 Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 121–132

Abstract: We experience our self as a body located in space. However, how information about self-location is integrated into multisensory processes underlying the representation of the peripersonal space (PPS), is still unclear. Prior studies showed that the ... ...

Abstract	We experience our self as a body located in space. However, how information about self-location is integrated into multisensory processes underlying the representation of the peripersonal space (PPS), is still unclear. Prior studies showed that the presence of visual information related to oneself modulates the multisensory processes underlying PPS. Here, we used the crossmodal congruency effect (CCE) to test whether this top-down modulation depends on the spatial location of the body-related visual information. Participants responded to tactile events on their bodies while trying to ignore a visual distractor presented on the mirror reflection of their body (Self) either in the peripersonal space (Near) or in the extrapersonal space (Far). We found larger CCE when visual events were presented on the mirror reflection in the peripersonal space, as compared to the extrapersonal space. These results suggest that top-down modulation of the multisensory bodily self is only possible within the PPS.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Touch ; Touch Perception ; Personal Space ; Space Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2075054-7
ISSN	1612-4790 ; 1612-4782
ISSN (online)	1612-4790
ISSN	1612-4782
DOI	10.1007/s10339-023-01154-0
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Article ; Online: Slow Resting State Fluctuations Enhance Neuronal and Behavioral Responses to Looming Sounds.

Sancristóbal, B / Ferri, F / Longtin, A / Perrucci, M G / Romani, G L / Northoff, G

Brain topography

2021 Volume 35, Issue 1, Page(s) 121–141

Abstract: We investigate both experimentally and using a computational model how the power of the electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded in human subjects tracks the presentation of sounds with acoustic intensities that increase exponentially (looming) or remain ... ...

Abstract	We investigate both experimentally and using a computational model how the power of the electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded in human subjects tracks the presentation of sounds with acoustic intensities that increase exponentially (looming) or remain constant (flat). We focus on the link between this EEG tracking response, behavioral reaction times and the time scale of fluctuations in the resting state, which show considerable inter-subject variability. Looming sounds are shown to generally elicit a sustained power increase in the alpha and beta frequency bands. In contrast, flat sounds only elicit a transient upsurge at frequencies ranging from 7 to 45 Hz. Likewise, reaction times (RTs) in an audio-tactile task at different latencies from sound onset also present significant differences between sound types. RTs decrease with increasing looming intensities, i.e. as the sense of urgency increases, but remain constant with stationary flat intensities. We define the reaction time variation or "gain" during looming sound presentation, and show that higher RT gains are associated with stronger correlations between EEG power responses and sound intensity. Higher RT gain further entails higher relative power differences between loom and flat in the alpha and beta bands. The full-width-at-half-maximum of the autocorrelation function of the eyes-closed resting state EEG also increases with RT gain. The effects are topographically located over the central and frontal electrodes. A computational model reveals that the increase in stimulus-response correlation in subjects with slower resting state fluctuations is expected when EEG power fluctuations at each electrode and in a given band are viewed as simple coupled low-pass filtered noise processes jointly driven by the sound intensity. The model assumes that the strength of stimulus-power coupling is proportional to RT gain in different coupling scenarios, suggesting a mechanism by which slower resting state fluctuations enhance EEG response and shorten reaction times.
MeSH term(s)	Acoustic Stimulation ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Reaction Time ; Sound
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1078442-1
ISSN	1573-6792 ; 0896-0267
ISSN (online)	1573-6792
ISSN	0896-0267
DOI	10.1007/s10548-021-00826-4
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Article: Light Scattering and Turbidimetry Techniques for the Characterization of Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Networks.

Anzini, Pietro / Redoglio, Daniele / Rocco, Mattia / Masciocchi, Norberto / Ferri, Fabio

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 12, Issue 13

Abstract: Light scattering and turbidimetry techniques are classical tools for characterizing the dynamics and structure of single nanoparticles or nanostructured networks. They work by analyzing, as a function of time (Dynamic Light Scattering, DLS) or angles ( ... ...

Abstract	Light scattering and turbidimetry techniques are classical tools for characterizing the dynamics and structure of single nanoparticles or nanostructured networks. They work by analyzing, as a function of time (Dynamic Light Scattering, DLS) or angles (Static Light Scattering, SLS), the light scattered by a sample, or measuring, as a function of the wavelength, the intensity scattered over the entire solid angle when the sample is illuminated with white light (Multi Wavelength Turbidimetry, MWT). Light scattering methods probe different length scales, in the ranges of ~5−500 nm (DLS), or ~0.1−5 μm (Wide Angle SLS), or ~1−100 μm (Low Angle SLS), and some of them can be operated in a time-resolved mode, with the possibility of characterizing not only stationary, but also aggregating, polymerizing, or self-assembling samples. Thus, the combined use of these techniques represents a powerful approach for studying systems characterized by very different length scales. In this work, we will review some typical applications of these methods, ranging from the field of colloidal fractal aggregation to the polymerization of biologic networks made of randomly entangled nanosized fibers. We will also discuss the opportunity of combining together different scattering techniques, emphasizing the advantages of a global analysis with respect to single-methods data processing.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662255-5
ISSN	2079-4991
ISSN	2079-4991
DOI	10.3390/nano12132214
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Article ; Online: Attention to cardiac sensations enhances the heartbeat-evoked potential during exhalation.

Zaccaro, Andrea / Della Penna, Francesca / Mussini, Elena / Parrotta, Eleonora / Perrucci, Mauro Gianni / Costantini, Marcello / Ferri, Francesca

iScience

2024 Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) 109586

Abstract: Respiration and cardiac activity intricately interact through complex physiological mechanisms. The heartbeat-evoked potential (HEP) is an EEG fluctuation reflecting the cortical processing of cardiac signals. We recently found higher HEP amplitude ... ...

Abstract	Respiration and cardiac activity intricately interact through complex physiological mechanisms. The heartbeat-evoked potential (HEP) is an EEG fluctuation reflecting the cortical processing of cardiac signals. We recently found higher HEP amplitude during exhalation than inhalation during a task involving attention to cardiac sensations. This may have been due to reduced cardiac perception during inhalation and heightened perception during exhalation through attentional mechanisms. To investigate relationships between HEP, attention, and respiration, we introduced an experimental setup that included tasks related to cardiac and respiratory interoceptive and exteroceptive attention. Results revealed HEP amplitude increases during the interoceptive tasks over fronto-central electrodes. When respiratory phases were taken into account, HEP increases were primarily driven by heartbeats recorded during exhalation, specifically during the cardiac interoceptive task, while inhalation had minimal impact. These findings emphasize the role of respiration in cardiac interoceptive attention and could have implications for respiratory interventions to fine-tune cardiac interoception.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-0042
ISSN (online)	2589-0042
DOI	10.1016/j.isci.2024.109586
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