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  1. Article ; Online: Optical closure in highly absorptive coastal waters: significance of inelastic scattering processes.

    Mukherjee, Soham / Hedley, John D / Fichot, Cédric G / Laliberté, Julien / Bélanger, Simon

    Optics express

    2023  Volume 31, Issue 21, Page(s) 35178–35199

    Abstract: In hydrological optics, "optical closure" means consistency between the apparent optical properties (AOPs) determined from radiometric measurements and those derived from radiative transfer modelling based on concurrently measured inherent optical ... ...

    Abstract In hydrological optics, "optical closure" means consistency between the apparent optical properties (AOPs) determined from radiometric measurements and those derived from radiative transfer modelling based on concurrently measured inherent optical properties (IOPs) and boundary conditions (sea and sky states). Good optical closure not only provides confidence in the data quality but also informs on the adequacy of the radiative transfer parameterization. Achieving optical closure in highly absorptive coastal waters is challenging due to the low signal-to-noise ratio of radiometric measurements and uncertainties in the measurements of IOPs, namely the spectral absorption and backscattering coefficients. Here, we present an optical closure assessment using a comprehensive set of in situ IOPs acquired in highly absorptive coastal waters optically dominated by chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The spectral remote sensing reflectance, R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1491859-6
    ISSN 1094-4087 ; 1094-4087
    ISSN (online) 1094-4087
    ISSN 1094-4087
    DOI 10.1364/OE.501732
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Improving Estimates of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) Concentration from In Situ Fluorescence Measurements across Estuaries and Coastal Wetlands.

    Weiser, Matthew W / Swanson, Jaydi / Ghosh, Nilotpal / Hong, Jiyeong / Harringmeyer, Joshua P / Kaiser, Karl / Fichot, Cédric G

    Environmental science & technology

    2024  

    Abstract: The use of optical proxies is essential to the sustained monitoring of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in estuaries and coastal wetlands, where dynamics occur on subhour time scales. In situ dissolved organic matter (DOM) fluorescence, or FDOM, is now ... ...

    Abstract The use of optical proxies is essential to the sustained monitoring of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in estuaries and coastal wetlands, where dynamics occur on subhour time scales. In situ dissolved organic matter (DOM) fluorescence, or FDOM, is now routinely measured along with ancillary water-quality indicators by commercial sondes. However, its reliability as an optical proxy of DOC concentration is often limited by uncertainties caused by in situ interferences and by variability in DOM composition and water matrix (ionic strength, pH) that are typical at the land-ocean interface. Although corrections for in situ interferences already exist, validated strategies to account for changes in the DOM composition and water matrix in these systems are still lacking. The transferability of methods across systems is also poorly known. Here, we used a comprehensive data set of laboratory-based excitation-emission matrix fluorescence and DOC concentration matched to in situ sonde measurements to develop and compare approaches that leverage ancillary water-quality indicators to improve estimates of DOC concentration from FDOM. Our analyses demonstrated the validity of in situ interference correction schemes, the importance of ancillary water-quality indicators to account for DOM composition and water matrix change, and the good transferability of the proposed methods.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.3c10850
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Simple Method to Determine the Apparent Quantum Yield Matrix of CDOM Photobleaching in Natural Waters.

    Zhu, Xiaohui / Miller, William L / Fichot, Cédric G

    Environmental science & technology

    2020  Volume 54, Issue 21, Page(s) 14096–14106

    Abstract: The photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is considered an important loss process for CDOM absorption in sunlit natural waters, where it can regulate the biota's exposure to sunlight, surface solar heating, and dissolved organic ... ...

    Abstract The photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is considered an important loss process for CDOM absorption in sunlit natural waters, where it can regulate the biota's exposure to sunlight, surface solar heating, and dissolved organic matter dynamics. Despite its importance, this sink remains poorly quantified, primarily because of the difficulty of determining photobleaching apparent quantum yields (AQYs) that capture the dual spectral dependency of this process and are applicable to polychromatic sunlight. Here, we present a simple method to determine a CDOM photobleaching AQY matrix (AQY-M) for natural water samples that does not require any a priori assumptions about the spectral dependency of photobleaching. It combines controlled irradiation experiments, a partial least-square regression, and an optimization procedure to produce AQY-Ms that are spectrally coherent and optimized for modeling accurate photobleaching rates in natural waters. Water temperature and the solar exposure history of CDOM had a major influence on the magnitude and spectral characteristics of the AQY-M. These factors should be considered when determining the AQY-M of samples and provide constraints when modeling photobleaching rates in natural waters. We expect that this effective method will provide future studies with a robust means to characterize and understand the variability of AQY-M in natural waters.
    MeSH term(s) Photobleaching ; Sunlight ; Temperature
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.0c03605
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The apparent quantum yield matrix (AQY-M) of CDOM photobleaching in estuarine, coastal, and oceanic surface waters.

    Zhu, Xiaohui / Weiser, Matthew W / Harringmeyer, Joshua P / Kaiser, Karl / Walker, Brett D / Bélanger, Simon / Anderson, Chloe H / Fichot, Cédric G

    The Science of the total environment

    2023  Volume 912, Page(s) 168670

    Abstract: The photochemical degradation of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) upon solar exposure, known as photobleaching, can significantly alter the optical properties of the surface ocean. By leading to the breakdown of UV- and visible-radiation- ... ...

    Abstract The photochemical degradation of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) upon solar exposure, known as photobleaching, can significantly alter the optical properties of the surface ocean. By leading to the breakdown of UV- and visible-radiation-absorbing moieties within dissolved organic matter, photobleaching regulates solar heating, the vertical distribution of photochemical processes, and UV exposure and light availability to the biota in surface waters. Despite its biogeochemical and ecological relevance, this sink of CDOM remains poorly quantified. Efforts to quantify photobleaching globally have long been hampered by the inherent challenge of determining representative apparent quantum yields (AQYs) for this process, and by the resulting lack of understanding of their variability in natural waters. Measuring photobleaching AQY is made challenging by the need to determine AQY matrices (AQY-M) that capture the dual spectral dependency of this process (i.e., magnitude varies with both excitation wavelength and response wavelength). A new experimental approach now greatly facilitates the quantification of AQY-M for natural waters, and can help address this problem. Here, we conducted controlled photochemical experiments and applied this new approach to determine the AQY-M of 27 contrasting water samples collected globally along the land-ocean aquatic continuum (i.e., rivers, estuaries, coastal ocean, and open ocean). The experiments and analyses revealed considerable variability in the magnitude and spectral characteristics of the AQY-M among samples, with strong dependencies on CDOM composition/origin (as indicated by the CDOM 275-295-nm spectral slope coefficient, S
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-22
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168670
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Underway Hyperspectral Bio-Optical Assessments of Phytoplankton Size Classes in the River-Influenced Northern Gulf of Mexico

    Verma, Neeharika / Lohrenz, Steven / Chakraborty, Sumit / Fichot, Cédric G.

    Remote Sensing. 2021 Aug. 24, v. 13, no. 17

    2021  

    Abstract: High inflows of freshwater from the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers into the northern Gulf of Mexico during spring contribute to strong physical and biogeochemical gradients which, in turn, influence phytoplankton community composition across the ... ...

    Abstract High inflows of freshwater from the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers into the northern Gulf of Mexico during spring contribute to strong physical and biogeochemical gradients which, in turn, influence phytoplankton community composition across the river plume–ocean mixing zone. Spectral features representative of bio-optical signatures of phytoplankton size classes (PSCs) were retrieved from underway, shipboard hyperspectral measurements of above-water remote sensing reflectance using the quasi-analytical algorithm (QAA_v6) and validated against in situ pigment data and spectrophotometric analyses of phytoplankton absorption. The results shed new light on sub-km scale variability in PSCs associated with dynamic and spatially heterogeneous environmental processes in river-influenced oceanic waters. Our findings highlight the existence of localized regions of dominant picophytoplankton communities associated with river plume fronts in both the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers in an area of the coastal margin that is otherwise characteristically dominated by larger microphytoplankton. This study demonstrates the applicability of underway hyperspectral observations for providing insights about small-scale physical-biological dynamics in optically complex coastal waters. Fine-scale observations of phytoplankton communities in surface waters as shown here and future satellite retrievals of hyperspectral data will provide a novel means of exploring relationships between physical processes of river plume–ocean mixing and frontal dynamics on phytoplankton community composition.
    Keywords absorption ; algorithms ; community structure ; freshwater ; phytoplankton ; reflectance ; river plume ; rivers ; satellites ; spring ; Gulf of Mexico ; Mississippi
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0824
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2513863-7
    ISSN 2072-4292
    ISSN 2072-4292
    DOI 10.3390/rs13173346
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Modeling benthic solar exposure (UV and visible) in dynamic coastal systems to better inform seagrass habitat suitability

    Cronin-Golomb, Olivia / Harringmeyer, Joshua P. / Weiser, Matthew W. / Zhu, Xiaohui / Ghosh, Nilotpal / Novak, Alyssa B. / Forbrich, Inke / Fichot, Cédric G.

    Science of the total environment. 2022 Mar. 15, v. 812

    2022  

    Abstract: Seagrass meadows worldwide provide valuable ecosystem services but have experienced sharp declines in recent decades. This rapid loss has prompted numerous restoration efforts with variable levels of success, often depending on the suitability of the ... ...

    Abstract Seagrass meadows worldwide provide valuable ecosystem services but have experienced sharp declines in recent decades. This rapid loss has prompted numerous restoration efforts with variable levels of success, often depending on the suitability of the restoration sites. The selection of sites can be guided by simple habitat suitability models driven with environmental variables deemed critical to the successful growth of new transplants. Habitat suitability models typically consider the influence of bathymetry, sediment type, salinity, wave exposure, and water quality. However, they typically do not explicitly include benthic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) and commonly use depth as a coarse proxy for photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Benthic exposure to UV and PAR are both key parameters for habitat suitability but can be challenging to determine, especially in coastal environments influenced by rivers and tides where they are extremely variable. Here, we demonstrate the development of a simple but effective model of spectrally-resolved benthic solar irradiance for a dynamic marsh-influenced mesotidal estuary in Massachusetts. In-situ measurements were used to develop and validate an empirical model predicting the UV–visible vertical diffuse attenuation coefficient spectra of downwelling irradiance, Kd(λ), from simple physical parameters about tides, river discharge and location. Spectral benthic solar irradiances (280–700 nm) were calculated hourly for 3 years (2017–2019) using modeled and validated cloud-corrected surface downwelling irradiances, estimates of water depth, and the modeled Kd(λ) spectra. The mapped irradiances were used to provide improved seagrass habitat suitability maps that will guide future restoration efforts in the estuary. We expect the approach presented here can be adapted to other dynamic coastal environments influenced by tides and rivers and/or applied to other light-dependent organisms and biogeochemical processes.
    Keywords ecosystems ; empirical models ; estuaries ; habitats ; light intensity ; photosynthetically active radiation ; river flow ; salinity ; seagrasses ; sediments ; solar radiation ; water quality ; Massachusetts
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0315
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151481
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Book ; Online: Coupling numerical models of deltaic wetlands with AirSWOT, UAVSAR, and AVIRIS-NG remote sensing data

    Cortese, Luca / Donatelli, Carmine / Zhang, Xiaohe / Nghiem, Justin A. / Simard, Marc / Jones, Cathleen E. / Denbina, Michael / Fichot, Cédric G. / Harringmeyer, Joshua P. / Fagherazzi, Sergio

    eISSN: 1726-4189

    2024  

    Abstract: Coastal marsh survival relies on the ability to increase elevation and offset sea level rise. It is therefore important to realistically model sediment fluxes between marshes, tidal channels, and bays as sediment availability controls accretion. ... ...

    Abstract Coastal marsh survival relies on the ability to increase elevation and offset sea level rise. It is therefore important to realistically model sediment fluxes between marshes, tidal channels, and bays as sediment availability controls accretion. Traditionally, numerical models have been calibrated and validated using in situ measurements at a few locations within the domain of interest. These datasets typically provide temporal information but lack spatial variability. This paper explores the potential of coupling numerical models with high-resolution remote sensing imagery. Products from three sensors from the NASA Delta-X airborne mission are used. Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) provides vertical water level change on the marshland and was used to adjust the bathymetry and calibrate water fluxes over the marsh. AirSWOT yields water surface elevation within bays, lakes, and channels, and was used to calibrate the Chezy bottom friction coefficient. Finally, imagery from AVIRIS-NG provides maps of total suspended solids (TSS) concentration that were used to calibrate sediment parameters of settling velocity and critical shear stress for erosion. Three numerical models were developed at different locations along coastal Louisiana using Delft3D. The coupling enabled a spatial evaluation of model performance that was not possible using simple point measurements. Overall, the study shows that calibration of numerical models and their general performance will greatly benefit from remote sensing.
    Subject code 551 ; 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-16
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Assessing change in the overturning behavior of the Laurentian Great Lakes using remotely sensed lake surface water temperatures

    Fichot, Cédric G / Matsumoto, Katsumi / Holt, Benjamin / Gierach, Michelle M / Tokos, Kathy S

    Remote sensing of environment. 2019 Dec. 15, v. 235

    2019  

    Abstract: Most large temperate lakes experience overturning every spring and fall as surface water moves past 4 °C, the temperature of maximum density for freshwater. These semiannual, lake-wide overturning events play an important role regulating the thermal ... ...

    Abstract Most large temperate lakes experience overturning every spring and fall as surface water moves past 4 °C, the temperature of maximum density for freshwater. These semiannual, lake-wide overturning events play an important role regulating the thermal structure, deep-water ventilation, nutrient supply, water circulation, and nearshore water quality of the lakes. The general pattern of overturning has long been known from field observations and models, but its timing, duration, detailed spatio-temporal progression and seasonal and interannual variability remain largely undocumented, particularly in the context of recent climate-driven changes in lake thermal dynamics. Here, we used a reconstructed record of daily and spatially-explicit lake surface water temperatures (LSWT) to analyze the migration of the 4 °C thermal front as it progressed from the shorelines to the deep parts of the Laurentian Great Lakes during every overturning event between June 1995 to April 2012. The analysis revealed a strong asymmetry in the timing and duration of overturning between spring and fall, and no relationship with the lake-averaged LSWT or its rate of change. Key differences in the average spatio-temporal progression of overturning were also observed between spring and fall, with the spring progression being largely driven by latitude and water depth and the fall progression being less predictable and influenced by other factors such as wind. Narrow regions of very slow overturning progression were also identified, revealing areas of the lakes where persistent 4 °C thermal bars are likely to re-occur every year. The timing and duration of these seasonal overturning events varied between years by as much as one and two months, respectively, with a direct impact on the duration of lake-wide stratification. In 2012, Lakes Michigan and Ontario experienced an incomplete fall overturning, leading only to a partial winter stratification. Lakes Michigan and Ontario were more susceptible to experience an incomplete overturning than the other Laurentian Great Lakes, seemingly due to a combination of comparatively milder winter air temperatures and lower lake dynamic ratio (steepness of bottom slope). Overall, the duration of lake-wide winter stratification was found to be strongly correlated with mean winter air temperatures, and a simple trend analysis suggested that rising temperatures could lead to more frequent incomplete fall overturnings and partial winter stratifications in Lakes Michigan and Ontario over the next few decades. This study demonstrated that remote sensing provides an unparalleled tool for assessing the long-term variability in the overturning behavior of large lakes in the context of climate change.
    Keywords air temperature ; asymmetry ; autumn ; climate change ; coastal water ; freshwater ; lakes ; latitude ; models ; remote sensing ; shorelines ; spring ; surface water ; water flow ; water quality ; water temperature ; wind ; winter ; Lake Michigan ; Lake Ontario
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-1215
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 431483-9
    ISSN 0034-4257
    ISSN 0034-4257
    DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2019.111427
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: Climate change leads to a doubling of turbidity in a rapidly expanding Tibetan lake

    Mi, Huan / Fagherazzi, Sergio / Qiao, Gang / Hong, Yang / Fichot, Cédric G

    Science of the total environment. 2019 Oct. 20, v. 688

    2019  

    Abstract: Recent climate change is causing most lakes on the Tibetan Plateau to grow at an unprecedented rate. Changes in the physical properties and water storage of the lakes are now relatively well documented. Yet the impacts on their water quality remain ... ...

    Abstract Recent climate change is causing most lakes on the Tibetan Plateau to grow at an unprecedented rate. Changes in the physical properties and water storage of the lakes are now relatively well documented. Yet the impacts on their water quality remain poorly understood. Turbidity is a well-established optical water-quality indicator related to suspended particulate matter concentration which can affect vertical light attenuation and ecosystem functioning. Here, we use remotely sensed data to assess the seasonal and long-term variations in turbidity in Siling Lake, one of the fastest growing lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, and to identify potential driving mechanisms of this change. The lake experiences two distinct peaks of turbidity during the year: one in August (warm season) caused by the seasonal influx of sediments from the Zagya Zangbo River, and one in December (cold season) caused by the wind-driven resuspension of sediments along the lakes' shorelines. The analysis further revealed a persistent increasing trend that doubled the average lake turbidity between 2000 and 2017. Evidence suggests this rise in turbidity results from a climate-driven increase in sediment supply from the Zagya Zangbo River, and from sediment resuspension associated with the erosion of shorelines recently submerged during the rapid expansion of the lake (paleoshorelines). Our results highlight the vulnerability of the Tibetan Lakes' water quality to climate change.
    Keywords climate change ; cold season ; ecological footprint ; lakes ; particulates ; physical properties ; remote sensing ; rivers ; sediments ; shorelines ; turbidity ; warm season ; water quality ; water storage ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-1020
    Size p. 952-959.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.339
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: Determining the drivers of suspended sediment dynamics in tidal marsh-influenced estuaries using high-resolution ocean color remote sensing

    Zhang, Xiaohe / Baracco, Carly / Bengtsson, Zachary / Fagherazzi, Sergio / Fichot, Cédric G / Ganju, Neil / Guo, Ruizhe / Neugebauer, Sydney

    Remote sensing of environment. 2020 Jan. 23,

    2020  

    Abstract: Sediment budgets are a critical metric to assess coastal marsh vulnerability to sea level rise and declining riverine sediment inputs. However, calculating accurate sediment budgets is challenging in tidal marsh-influenced estuaries where suspended ... ...

    Abstract Sediment budgets are a critical metric to assess coastal marsh vulnerability to sea level rise and declining riverine sediment inputs. However, calculating accurate sediment budgets is challenging in tidal marsh-influenced estuaries where suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) typically vary on scales of hours and hundreds of meters, and where SSC dynamics are driven by a complex and often site-specific interplay of hydrodynamic and meteorological conditions. The mapping of SSC using ocean-color remote sensing is well established and can help capturing the spatio-temporal variability of SSC and determine the dominant drivers regulating sediment budgets. However, the coarse spatial resolution of traditional ocean-color sensors (1-km) generally precludes their use in coastal-marsh estuaries. Here, using the Plum Island Estuary (Massachusetts, USA) as an example, we demonstrate that high-spatial-resolution maps of SSC derived from Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Sentinel-2A/B Multispectral Instruments (MSI) can be used to determine the main drivers of SSC dynamics in tidal marsh-influenced estuaries, despite the long revisit time of these sensors. Local empirical algorithms between SSC and remote sensing reflectance were derived and applied to a total of 46 clear-sky scenes collected by the OLI and the MSI between 2013 and 2018. The analysis revealed that this 5-year record was sufficient to capture a representative range of meteorological and tidal conditions required to determine the main drivers of SSC dynamics in this mid-latitude system. The interplay between river and tidal flows dominated SSC dynamics in this estuary, whereas wind-driven resuspension had a more moderate effect. The SSC was higher during spring because of increased river discharge due to snowmelt. Tidal asymmetry also enhanced sediment resuspension during flood tides, possibly favoring deposition on marsh platforms. Together, water level, water-level rate of change, river discharge and wind speed were able to explain >60% of the variability in the main channel SSC, thereby facilitating future prediction of SSC from these readily available variables. This study demonstrates that the existing multi-year records of high-resolution remote sensing can provide a representative depiction of SSC dynamics in hydrodynamically-complex and small-scale estuaries that moderate-resolution ocean color remote sensing and in situ measurements are unable to capture.
    Keywords algorithms ; asymmetry ; coasts ; color ; estuaries ; hydrodynamics ; Landsat ; latitude ; marshes ; prediction ; reflectance ; remote sensing ; river flow ; rivers ; sea level ; sediments ; snowmelt ; suspended sediment ; tides ; wind speed ; Massachusetts
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0123
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 431483-9
    ISSN 0034-4257
    ISSN 0034-4257
    DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2020.111682
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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