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  1. Book ; Online: Marssonina

    Flury, Pascale / Schärer, Hans-Jakob

    des infections sont possibles dès la fin avril

    2022  

    Abstract: Des pommiers dénudés dès le mois d'août, des fruits accrochés à des branches qui semblent hivernales : une image dérangeante que l'on rencontre malheureusement de plus en plus souvent. La cause en est la maladie de la chute des feuilles Marssonina, qui ... ...

    Abstract Des pommiers dénudés dès le mois d'août, des fruits accrochés à des branches qui semblent hivernales : une image dérangeante que l'on rencontre malheureusement de plus en plus souvent. La cause en est la maladie de la chute des feuilles Marssonina, qui est l'une des maladies des pommiers les plus importantes sur le plan économique en Chine et en Inde.
    Keywords Fruit and berries ; Crop health ; quality ; protection
    Language French
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Monitoring Spore Dispersal and Early Infections of Diplocarpon coronariae Causing Apple Blotch Using Spore Traps and a New qPCR Method

    Boutry, Clémence / Bohr, Anne / Buchleither, Sascha / Ludwig, Mathias / Oberhänsli, Thomas / Tamm, Lucius / Schärer, Hans-Jakob / Flury, Pascale

    Phytopathology®. 2023 Mar., v. 113, no. 3 p.470-483

    2023  

    Abstract: Apple blotch (AB) is a major disease of apple in Asia and recently emerged in Europe and the United States. It is caused by the fungus Diplocarpon coronariae (formerly Marssonina coronaria; teleomorph: Diplocarpon mali) and leads to severe defoliation of ...

    Abstract Apple blotch (AB) is a major disease of apple in Asia and recently emerged in Europe and the United States. It is caused by the fungus Diplocarpon coronariae (formerly Marssonina coronaria; teleomorph: Diplocarpon mali) and leads to severe defoliation of apple trees in late summer, resulting in reduced yield and fruit quality. To develop effective disease management strategies, a sound knowledge of the pathogen's biology is crucial. Data on the early phase of disease development are scarce: No data on spore dispersal in Europe are available. We developed a highly sensitive TaqMan qPCR method to quantify D. coronariae conidia in spore trap samples. We monitored temporal and spatial dispersal of conidia of D. coronariae and the progress of AB in spring and early summer in an extensively managed apple orchard in Switzerland in 2019 and 2020. Our results show that D. coronariae overwinters in leaf litter, and spore dispersal and primary infections occur in late April and early May. We provide the first results describing early-season dispersal of conidia of D. coronariae, which, combined with the observed disease progress, helps to understand the disease dynamics and will be a basis for improved disease forecast models. Using the new qPCR method, we detected D. coronariae in buds, on bark, and on fruit mummies, suggesting that several apple tissues might serve as overwintering habitats for the fungus, in addition to fallen leaves. Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
    Keywords Diplocarpon mali ; apples ; bark ; conidia ; defoliation ; disease control ; disease progression ; fruit quality ; fruits ; fungi ; orchards ; overwintering ; pathogens ; plant litter ; spore dispersal ; spore traps ; spring ; summer ; teleomorphs ; Asia ; Switzerland ; impaction spore trap ; Malus ; Marssonina coronaria ; Marssonina leaf blotch ; premature leaf fall ; rotating-arm spore trap ; TaqMan qPCR
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-03
    Size p. 470-483.
    Publishing place The American Phytopathological Society
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 208889-7
    ISSN 1943-7684 ; 0031-949X
    ISSN (online) 1943-7684
    ISSN 0031-949X
    DOI 10.1094/PHYTO-05-22-0183-R
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 71/717: Show issues
    Z 2505: Show issues

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  3. Book ; Online: Marssonina Blattfallkrankheit - Gefahr für den Apfelbaum

    Thanner, Sophie / Szalatnay, David / Flury, Pascale / Strauss, Jürg

    2022  

    Abstract: Seit 2010 verbreitet sich die Pilzerkrankung Marssonina auf Schweizer Apfelbäumen. Besonders Anlagen mit geringem Fungizideinsatz und schorfresistente Sorten sind betroffen. Immer häufiger verlieren Apfelbäume in der Schweiz schon anfangs Sommer ihre ... ...

    Abstract Seit 2010 verbreitet sich die Pilzerkrankung Marssonina auf Schweizer Apfelbäumen. Besonders Anlagen mit geringem Fungizideinsatz und schorfresistente Sorten sind betroffen. Immer häufiger verlieren Apfelbäume in der Schweiz schon anfangs Sommer ihre Blätter. Das schwächt die Bäume und beeinträchtigt die Fruchtqualität. So auch auf einem Biobetrieb im Zürcher Rickenbach. Zusammen mit der Strickhof-Beratung und FiBL-Forschenden testet Betriebsleiter Jürg Strauss Methoden, um diese Pilzerkrankung einzudämmen. Ob und wie sich die Krankheit kontrollieren lässt, will Redaktorin Sophie Thanner wissen.
    Keywords Fruit and berries ; Crop health ; quality ; protection ; Education ; extension and communication
    Language German
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Thesis ; Online: Genomics, Molecular Mechanisms and Ecology of Interactions of Plant-Beneficial Pseudomonads with Pest Insects

    Flury, Pascale C.

    2016  

    Keywords info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/630 ; Agriculture
    Language English
    Publisher ETH Zurich
    Publishing country ch
    Document type Thesis ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: The secret life of plant-beneficial rhizosphere bacteria: insects as alternative hosts.

    Pronk, Lotte J U / Bakker, Peter A H M / Keel, Christoph / Maurhofer, Monika / Flury, Pascale

    Environmental microbiology

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 8, Page(s) 3273–3289

    Abstract: Root-colonizing bacteria have been intensively investigated for their intimate relationship with plants and their manifold plant-beneficial activities. They can inhibit growth and activity of pathogens or induce defence responses. In recent years, ... ...

    Abstract Root-colonizing bacteria have been intensively investigated for their intimate relationship with plants and their manifold plant-beneficial activities. They can inhibit growth and activity of pathogens or induce defence responses. In recent years, evidence has emerged that several plant-beneficial rhizosphere bacteria do not only associate with plants but also with insects. Their relationships with insects range from pathogenic to mutualistic and some rhizobacteria can use insects as vectors for dispersal to new host plants. Thus, the interactions of these bacteria with their environment are even more complex than previously thought and can extend far beyond the rhizosphere. The discovery of this secret life of rhizobacteria represents an exciting new field of research that should link the fields of plant-microbe and insect-microbe interactions. In this review, we provide examples of plant-beneficial rhizosphere bacteria that use insects as alternative hosts, and of potentially rhizosphere-competent insect symbionts. We discuss the bacterial traits that may enable a host-switch between plants and insects and further set the multi-host lifestyle of rhizobacteria into an evolutionary and ecological context. Finally, we identify important open research questions and discuss perspectives on the use of these rhizobacteria in agriculture.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bacteria/genetics ; Insecta/microbiology ; Plant Roots/microbiology ; Plants/microbiology ; Rhizosphere ; Soil Microbiology ; Symbiosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2020213-1
    ISSN 1462-2920 ; 1462-2912
    ISSN (online) 1462-2920
    ISSN 1462-2912
    DOI 10.1111/1462-2920.15968
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Monitoring Spore Dispersal and Early Infections of

    Boutry, Clémence / Bohr, Anne / Buchleither, Sascha / Ludwig, Mathias / Oberhänsli, Thomas / Tamm, Lucius / Schärer, Hans-Jakob / Flury, Pascale

    Phytopathology

    2023  Volume 113, Issue 3, Page(s) 470–483

    Abstract: Apple blotch (AB) is a major disease of apple in Asia and recently emerged in Europe and the United States. It is caused by the ... ...

    Abstract Apple blotch (AB) is a major disease of apple in Asia and recently emerged in Europe and the United States. It is caused by the fungus
    MeSH term(s) Malus/microbiology ; Plant Diseases/microbiology ; Fruit/microbiology ; Seasons ; Spores, Fungal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208889-7
    ISSN 1943-7684 ; 0031-949X
    ISSN (online) 1943-7684
    ISSN 0031-949X
    DOI 10.1094/PHYTO-05-22-0183-R
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 698: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

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  7. Article: The secret life of plant‐beneficial rhizosphere bacteria: insects as alternative hosts

    Pronk, Lotte J. U. / Bakker, Peter A. H. M. / Keel, Christoph / Maurhofer, Monika / Flury, Pascale

    Environmental microbiology. 2022 Aug., v. 24, no. 8

    2022  

    Abstract: Root‐colonizing bacteria have been intensively investigated for their intimate relationship with plants and their manifold plant‐beneficial activities. They can inhibit growth and activity of pathogens or induce defence responses. In recent years, ... ...

    Abstract Root‐colonizing bacteria have been intensively investigated for their intimate relationship with plants and their manifold plant‐beneficial activities. They can inhibit growth and activity of pathogens or induce defence responses. In recent years, evidence has emerged that several plant‐beneficial rhizosphere bacteria do not only associate with plants but also with insects. Their relationships with insects range from pathogenic to mutualistic and some rhizobacteria can use insects as vectors for dispersal to new host plants. Thus, the interactions of these bacteria with their environment are even more complex than previously thought and can extend far beyond the rhizosphere. The discovery of this secret life of rhizobacteria represents an exciting new field of research that should link the fields of plant–microbe and insect–microbe interactions. In this review, we provide examples of plant‐beneficial rhizosphere bacteria that use insects as alternative hosts, and of potentially rhizosphere‐competent insect symbionts. We discuss the bacterial traits that may enable a host‐switch between plants and insects and further set the multi‐host lifestyle of rhizobacteria into an evolutionary and ecological context. Finally, we identify important open research questions and discuss perspectives on the use of these rhizobacteria in agriculture.
    Keywords insects ; lifestyle ; rhizosphere ; rhizosphere bacteria ; symbionts
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-08
    Size p. 3273-3289.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note REVIEW
    ZDB-ID 2020213-1
    ISSN 1462-2920 ; 1462-2912
    ISSN (online) 1462-2920
    ISSN 1462-2912
    DOI 10.1111/1462-2920.15968
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Signal, Not Poison—Screening Mint Essential Oils for Weed Control Leads to Horsemint

    Sarheed, Mohammed / Schärer, Hans-Jakob / Wang-Müller, Qiyan / Flury, Pascale / Maes, Chloé / Genva, Manon / Fauconnier, Marie-Laure / Nick, Peter

    Agriculture. 2023 Mar. 18, v. 13, no. 3

    2023  

    Abstract: Weed control tries to suppress competitors for a crop and often relies on differential intoxication, making use of differences in uptake, development, or metabolism. We explored the possibility of using natural signals to shift competition in favour of ... ...

    Abstract Weed control tries to suppress competitors for a crop and often relies on differential intoxication, making use of differences in uptake, development, or metabolism. We explored the possibility of using natural signals to shift competition in favour of the crop. Using the competitive horsemint (Mentha longifolia) as a paradigm, we showed that essential oils from certain mint species suppress the seedling development of different target species in a specific and efficient manner. The specificity concerned both the donor and the receptor. We demonstrated further that the effect of horsemint oil was specific for actin filaments, and not for microtubules. Since the elimination of actin will impair auxin transport, which is essential for root regeneration in vegetatively propagating weeds, we tested the efficacy of horsemint essential oil in combination with a slow-release carrier against field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), a pertinent weed in organic cereal production. We observed that the development of this weed can be specifically blocked, especially if the carrier is worked into the soil. We propose that allelopathic interactions, often relying on manipulative chemical signalling, harbour significant potential for organic weed control.
    Keywords Convolvulus arvensis ; Mentha longifolia ; actin ; agriculture ; auxins ; essential oils ; metabolism ; microtubules ; oils ; poisoning ; seedlings ; soil ; weed control ; weeds
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0318
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2651678-0
    ISSN 2077-0472
    ISSN 2077-0472
    DOI 10.3390/agriculture13030712
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Conference proceedings ; Online: What makes a compost suppressive to soilborne pathogens?

    Logo, Anja / Thürig, Barbara / Oberhänsli, Thomas / Maurhofer, Monika / Widmer, Franco / Mayerhofer, Johanna / Flury, Pascale

    2023  

    Abstract: Composts have been shown to suppress soilborne pathogens in numerous greenhouse and field experiments. However, the effectiveness of disease suppression is highly variable between composts, and we currently lack reliable indicators to select composts for ...

    Abstract Composts have been shown to suppress soilborne pathogens in numerous greenhouse and field experiments. However, the effectiveness of disease suppression is highly variable between composts, and we currently lack reliable indicators to select composts for plant protection. We hypothesize that disease suppression is a complex interplay between abiotic and biotic compost properties. Investigating the microbial communities may help to develop tools for predicting suppressive properties and producing composts with strong biocontrol activity. In the first part of the project, 17 composts were assessed for disease suppression in a cress–Globisporangium ultimum (syn. Pythium ultimum) system and assessed for their physico-chemical properties. Their microbial communities were analyzed using an Illumina metabarcoding approach, which identified bacterial taxa that are indicative for disease suppression. This data set has now been extended by 30 additional composts and a cucumber–G. ultimum and a cucumber–Rhizoctonia solani test system, which revealed differences in disease suppression between pathogens and plant species. The microbial communities are currently assessed by SMRT cell long-read sequencing with the goal to get a high taxonomic resolution to accurately relate the sequencing data with isolates obtained from the composts. Our comprehensive data set provides new insights into the contribution of different abiotic and biotic factors to disease-suppressive activity of composts.
    Keywords Soil quality ; Composting and manuring ; Crop health ; quality ; protection
    Language English
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Conference proceedings ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Conference proceedings ; Online: Reduce the post-harvest losses in organic beetroot production

    Bernasconi, Alessio / Gamper Cardinali, Carlo / Koller, Martin / Flury, Pascale / Schärer, Hans-Jakob

    2023  

    Abstract: The market for organic agriculture is rapidly growing. In Switzerland, the production of organic Beetroot is particularly renowned. However, their storage until spring has become increasingly difficult in recent years, and losses due to post-harvest rots ...

    Abstract The market for organic agriculture is rapidly growing. In Switzerland, the production of organic Beetroot is particularly renowned. However, their storage until spring has become increasingly difficult in recent years, and losses due to post-harvest rots can lead to over 50% by March. The causes for the various storage rots in beetroot are currently unclear, and therefore there are few measures to prevent them in organic production. Pathogen infections causing storage rots in beetroot can occur via the seed, in the field, or post-harvest. Understanding the process of infection is, therefore, critical to find preventive solutions. Here, we present the results of a two-year project that aim to reduce post harvest losses and elucidate the causes of storage rots in organic beetroot production. Analysis of stored beetroot revealed Fusarium and Phoma as predominant pathogens, while Botrytis, Rhizoctonia, and Pythium as additional causative agents of storage rots. Field trials in cooperation with four producers of organic beetroot were performed, where the production from sowing to storage was monitored. Different measures, such as steam sterilization of the seed, the use of biocontrol products in the field and before storage, or processing and cooling methods after harvest, as well as cultivar differences were investigated. The various measures were found to affect seed health, seedling emergence, leaf health, and the quality of beetroot after storage.
    Keywords Vegetables ; Post harvest management and techniques
    Subject code 410
    Language English
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Conference proceedings ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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