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Article ; Online: The role of IFN-γ production during retroviral infections: an important cytokine involved in chronic inflammation and pathogenesis.

Cordeiro, Patrícia Azevedo Soares / Assone, Tatiane / Prates, Gabriela / Tedeschi, Marcia Regina Martinez / Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes / Casseb, Jorge

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo

2022 Volume 64, Page(s) e64

Abstract: Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) plays a crucial role in viral infections by preventing viral replication and in the promotion of innate and adaptive immune responses. However, IFN-gamma can exert distinct effects in different persistent viral infections. The ... ...

Abstract	Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) plays a crucial role in viral infections by preventing viral replication and in the promotion of innate and adaptive immune responses. However, IFN-gamma can exert distinct effects in different persistent viral infections. The long-term overproduction of IFN-γ in retroviral infections, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), resulting in inflammation, may cause neuronal damage. This review is provocative about the role of IFN-γ during persistent retroviral infections and its relationship with the causation of some neurological disorders that are important for public health.
MeSH term(s)	Cytokines ; HIV Infections ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Interferon-gamma
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-30
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	128928-7
ISSN	1678-9946 ; 0036-4665
ISSN (online)	1678-9946
ISSN	0036-4665
DOI	10.1590/S1678-9946202264064
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Article ; Online: Trends in prostate cancer mortality in the state of São Paulo, 2000 to 2015.

Luizaga, Carolina Terra de Moraes / Ribeiro, Karina Braga / Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes / Eluf Neto, José

Revista de saude publica

2020 Volume 54, Page(s) 87

Abstract: OBJECTIVE To estimate the magnitude and identify patterns of change in prostate cancer mortality in the state of São Paulo and in the 17 regional health care networks, according to age groups from 50 years onwards, in the period between 2000 to 2015. ... ...

Abstract	OBJECTIVE To estimate the magnitude and identify patterns of change in prostate cancer mortality in the state of São Paulo and in the 17 regional health care networks, according to age groups from 50 years onwards, in the period between 2000 to 2015. METHODS Age-adjusted mortality rates (per 100,000 men) were calculated by the direct method using the Segi world population as standard. Joinpoint regression was used to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC), with a confidence interval of 95% (95%CI), by regional network and age group (50-59, 60-69, 70-79 and 80 years or more). RESULTS For the state of São Paulo, age-adjusted mortality rates were 15.2, 13.3 and 11.9 per 100,000 men, respectively, in the periods between 2000 to 2005, 2006 to 2010 and 2011 to 2015, with a significant decrease trend (AAPC = -2.10%; 95%CI -2.42 - -1.79) each year. Among the 17 networks, 11 presented significant mean annual reductions, ranging from -1.72% to -3.05%. From the age of 50 onwards, there was a sharper reduction in the groups from 50 to 59 (AAPC = -2.33%; 95%CI -3.04 - -1.62) and 60 to 69 years (AAPC = -2.84%; 95%CI - 3.25 - -2.43). CONCLUSION Although reductions in mortality are still slight, they indicate progress in prostate cancer control actions. Screening actions and changes in therapeutic behaviors in recent decades may be modifying incidence and survival, resulting in changes in the mortality profile. More detailed studies will be useful in understanding the factors that lead to the interregional variations found.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Environment ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Prostatic Neoplasms/mortality ; Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-28
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	732179-x
ISSN	1518-8787 ; 0034-8910
ISSN (online)	1518-8787
ISSN	0034-8910
DOI	10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001948
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Article ; Online: Incomplete recovery of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio is associated with the late introduction of antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV infection.

Prates, Gabriela da Silva / Monteiro, Mariana Amelia / Oliveira, Éricka Constantinov / Nascimento, Najara Ataide de Lima / Veiga, Ana Paula Rocha / Ferreira, Mauricio Domingues / Polis, Thales José Bueno / Caetano, Gabriela Prandi / Soares, Beatriz Rodrigues Pellegrina / Magri, Marcello Mihailenko Chaves / Pereira, Luisa Oliveira / Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes / Alves, Wagner Silva / Duarte, Alberto José da Silva / Casseb, Jorge Simão do Rosário

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo

2024 Volume 66, Page(s) e7

Abstract: Despite being subject to lower AIDS-related mortality rates and having a higher life expectancy, patients with HIV are more prone to develop non-AIDS events. A low CD4+/CD8+ ratio during antiretroviral therapy identifies people with heightened immune ... ...

Abstract	Despite being subject to lower AIDS-related mortality rates and having a higher life expectancy, patients with HIV are more prone to develop non-AIDS events. A low CD4+/CD8+ ratio during antiretroviral therapy identifies people with heightened immune senescence and increased risk of mortality. In clinical practice, finding determinants of a low CD4+/CD8+ ratio may be useful for identifying patients who require close monitoring due to an increased risk of comorbidities and death. We performed a prospective study on the evolution of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in 60 patients infected with HIV (80% males), who were subjected to two different antiretroviral regimens: early and deferred therapy. The initial CD4+/CD8+ ratio was ≤1 for 70% of the patients in both groups. Older age, CD4+ cell count at inclusion, Nadir CD8+T-cell count, and Initial CD4+/CD8+ ratio ≤ 1 were risk factors for lack of ratio recovery. In the multivariate analysis, a CD4+/CD8+ ratio > 1 at the start of the treatment was found to be a determinant factor in maintaining a CD4+/CD8+ ratio > 1. The nadir CD4+T-cell count was lower in the deferred therapy group (p=0.004), and the last CD4+/CD8+ ratio ≤1 was not associated with comorbidities. Ratio recovery was not associated with the duration of HIV infection, time without therapy, or absence of AIDS incidence. A greater improvement was observed in patients treated early (p=0.003). In contrast, the slope of increase was slower in patients who deferred treatment. In conclusion, the increase in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio occurred mostly for patients undergoing early strategy treatment and its extension did not seem to be related to previous HIV-related factors.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; HIV Infections/complications ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Prospective Studies ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Viral Load
Chemical Substances	Anti-HIV Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-05
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	128928-7
ISSN	1678-9946 ; 0036-4665
ISSN (online)	1678-9946
ISSN	0036-4665
DOI	10.1590/S1678-9946202466007
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Article ; Online: Immunothrombosis and COVID-19 ‒ a nested post-hoc analysis from a 3186 patient cohort in a Latin American public reference hospital.

de Lima, Clarice Antunes / Gonçalves, Fabio Augusto Rodrigues / Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro / Pereira, Antônio José Rodrigues / Perazzio, Sandro Félix / Trindade, Evelinda Marramon / Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes / Sumita, Nairo Massakazu / Pinto, Vanusa Barbosa / Duarte, Alberto José da Silva / Manin, Carolina Broco / Lichtenstein, Arnaldo

Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)

2023 Volume 78, Page(s) 100178

Abstract: Objective: COVID-19 is associated with an elevated risk of thromboembolism and excess mortality. Difficulties with best anticoagulation practices and their implementation motivated the current analysis of COVID-19 patients who developed Venous ... ...

Abstract	Objective: COVID-19 is associated with an elevated risk of thromboembolism and excess mortality. Difficulties with best anticoagulation practices and their implementation motivated the current analysis of COVID-19 patients who developed Venous Thromboembolism (VTE). Method: This is a post-hoc analysis of a COVID-19 cohort, described in an economic study already published. The authors analyzed a subset of patients with confirmed VTE. We described the characteristics of the cohort, such as demographics, clinical status, and laboratory results. We tested differences amid two subgroups of patients, those with VTE or not, with the competitive risk Fine and Gray model. Results: Out of 3186 adult patients with COVID-19, 245 (7.7%) were diagnosed with VTE, 174 (5.4%) of them during admission to the hospital. Four (2.3% of these 174) did not receive prophylactic anticoagulation and 19 (11%) discontinued anticoagulation for at least 3 days, resulting in 170 analyzed. During the first week of hospitalization, the laboratory most altered results were C-reactive protein and D-dimer. Patients with VTE were more critical, had a higher mortality rate, worse SOFA score, and, on average, 50% longer hospital stay. Conclusion: Proven VTE incidence in this severe COVID-19 cohort was 7.7%, despite 87% of them complying completely with VTE prophylaxis. The clinician must be aware of the diagnosis of VTE in COVID-19, even in patients receiving proper prophylaxis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adult ; Thromboinflammation ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Latin America/epidemiology ; Hospitals, Public ; Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology ; Venous Thromboembolism/etiology ; Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control ; Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Anticoagulants/administration & dosage ; Male ; Female ; Length of Stay
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2182801-5
ISSN	1980-5322 ; 1807-5932
ISSN (online)	1980-5322
ISSN	1807-5932
DOI	10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100178
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Article: Prevalence of cognitive impairment in HIV patients: vertical and horizontal transmission.

Gascón, Maria Rita Polo / Terra, Cauê Peter da Cruz / Guerra, Hestela de Lima / Gualqui, Carolina Fernandes / Lucia, Mara Cristina Souza De / Benute, Glaucia Rosana Guerra / Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes / Casseb, Jorge / Vidal, Jose Ernesto / de Oliveira, Augusto César Penalva

Dementia & neuropsychologia

2022 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 45–51

Abstract: Antiretroviral treatment has significantly increased the survival of patients infected with HIV-1. However, with increased survival, cognitive changes associated with HIV are frequently observed in this population. The clinical manifestations of HIV ... ...

Abstract	Antiretroviral treatment has significantly increased the survival of patients infected with HIV-1. However, with increased survival, cognitive changes associated with HIV are frequently observed in this population. The clinical manifestations of HIV changes can vary as a result of several aspects, including the virus transmission route. Several studies have pointed out premature neurological changes in vertically infected patients, while the manifestation of cognitive damage in adults may take a longer time. Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of cognitive changes in patients with HIV via vertical transmission after the highly active antiretroviral therapy and the cognitive performance of these patients compared to a group of sexually infected patients. Methods: A total of 48 patients were evaluated, 25 with vertical transmission and 23 with sexual transmission, between May 2013 and February 2015 at the Institute of infectology Emilio Ribas. Neuropsychological tests were applied to assess cognitive performance, scales to assess symptoms of anxiety and depression, and sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: The results demonstrate that the frequency of cognitive impairment in vertically transmitted patients was higher than in sexually transmitted patients. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the deleterious effects of the HIV virus on the development of the central nervous system reverberate more strongly than in patients who acquire it after adulthood.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-13
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1980-5764
ISSN	1980-5764
DOI	10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2021-0023
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Article ; Online: Case Report: Expanding Clinical, Immunological and Genetic Findings in Sideroblastic Anemia With Immunodeficiency, Fevers and Development Delay (SIFD) Syndrome.

Mendonca, Leonardo Oliveira / Prado, Alex Isidoro / Costa, Izelda Maria Carvalho / Bandeira, Marcia / Dyer, Rafael / Barros, Samar Freschi / Khöler, Karen Francine / Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes / Kalil, Jorge / Castro, Fabio Morato / Toledo-Barros, Myrthes Anna Maragna

Frontiers in immunology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 586320

Abstract: Since the first description of the syndrome of sideroblastic anemia with immunodeficiency, fevers and development delay (SIFD), clinical pictures lacking both neurological and hematological manifestations have been reported. Moreover, prominent skin ... ...

Abstract	Since the first description of the syndrome of sideroblastic anemia with immunodeficiency, fevers and development delay (SIFD), clinical pictures lacking both neurological and hematological manifestations have been reported. Moreover, prominent skin involvement, such as with relapsing erythema nodosum, is not a common finding. Up to this moment, no genotype and phenotype correlation could be done, but mild phenotypes seem to be located in the N or C part. B-cell deficiency is a hallmark of SIFD syndrome, and multiple others immunological defects have been reported, but not high levels of double negative T cells. Here we report a Brazilian patient with a novel phenotype of SFID syndrome, carrying multiple immune defects and harboring a novel mutation on TRNT1 gene.
MeSH term(s)	Alleles ; Anemia, Sideroblastic/diagnosis ; Anemia, Sideroblastic/etiology ; Biopsy ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis ; Disease Susceptibility ; Female ; Fever ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/diagnosis ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Mutation ; Phenotype
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2021.586320
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Article ; Online: Prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in outpatients of a large public university hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Oliveira, Luanda Mara da Silva / Tiyo, Bruna Tiaki / Silva, Lais Teodoro da / Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes / Rocha, Rosana Coura / Santos, Vera Aparecida Dos / Ceneviva, Carina / Bedin, Anderson Aparecido / Almeida, Alexandre de / Duarte, Alberto José da Silva / Oshiro, Telma Miyuki

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo

2020 Volume 62, Page(s) e91

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-Cov-2 and the manifestations of this infection range from an absence of symptoms all the way up to severe disease leading to death. To estimate the prevalence of past infection in a population, the most ...

Abstract	Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-Cov-2 and the manifestations of this infection range from an absence of symptoms all the way up to severe disease leading to death. To estimate the prevalence of past infection in a population, the most readily available method is the detection of antibodies against the virus. This study has investigated the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in outpatients of the Hospital das Clinicas, in Sao Paulo city (Brazil), which is a large university hospital belonging to the public health system that cares for patients with complex diseases who need tertiary or quaternary medical care. Our serological inquiry was carried out for 6 weeks, with once-a-week blood sampling and included 439 patients from several outpatient services. Overall, 61 patients tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG (13.9%); 56.1 % of the patients live in Sao Paulo city, with the remaining living in other towns of the metropolitan area; 32.8% of the patients testing positive for IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were asymptomatic, 55.7% developed mild or moderate disease and 11.5% had to be hospitalized. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positive serology was lower among patients who had received the seasonal influenza vaccine compared to the ones who did not. These findings may indicate that those individuals care more about health issues, and/or that they have a better access to health care and/or a better quality of health care service. The large proportion of patients who were unaware of having had contact with SARS-CoV-2 deserves attention, reflecting the scarcity of tests performed in the population.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Betacoronavirus ; Brazil/epidemiology ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Prevalence ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seroepidemiologic Studies
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-13
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	128928-7
ISSN	1678-9946 ; 0036-4665
ISSN (online)	1678-9946
ISSN	0036-4665
DOI	10.1590/S1678-9946202062091
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Article ; Online: Perception of usefulness of laboratory tests ordering by internal medicine residents in ambulatory setting: A single-center prospective cohort study.

Doi, Dimitria / Vale, Romulo Ribeiro do / Monteiro, Jean Michell Correia / Plens, Glauco Cabral Marinho / Ferreira Junior, Mario / Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes / Perazzio, Sandro Félix / Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro / Lichtenstein, Arnaldo / Taniguchi, Leandro Utino / Sumita, Nairo Massakazu / Corá, Aline Pivetta / Eisencraft, Adriana Pasmanik / Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) e0250769

Abstract: The demand for high value health care uncovered a steady trend in laboratory tests ordering and inappropriate testing practices. Residents' training in laboratory ordering practice provides an opportunity for quality improvement. We collected information ...

Abstract	The demand for high value health care uncovered a steady trend in laboratory tests ordering and inappropriate testing practices. Residents' training in laboratory ordering practice provides an opportunity for quality improvement. We collected information on demographics, the main reason for the appointment, preexisting medical conditions and presence of co-morbidities from first-visit patients to the internal medicine outpatient service of our university general hospital. We also collected information on all laboratory tests ordered by the attending medical residents. At a follow-up visit, we recorded residents' subjective perception on the usefulness of each ordered laboratory test for the purposes of diagnosis, prognosis, treatment or screening. We observed that 17.3% of all ordered tests had no perceived utility by the attending resident. Tests were usually ordered to exclude differential diagnoses (26.7%) and to help prognosis estimation (19.1%). Age and co-morbidity influenced the chosen category to legitimate usefulness of tests ordering. This study suggests that clinical objectives (diagnosis, prognosis, treatment or prevention) as well as personalization to age and previous health conditions should be considered before test ordering to allow a more appropriate laboratory tests ordering, but further studies are necessary to examine this framework beyond this medical training scenario.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Ambulatory Care Facilities/statistics & numerical data ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Internal Medicine/education ; Internship and Residency/statistics & numerical data ; Male
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0250769
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Article ; Online: A epidemia de AIDS na China

FONSECA LUIZ AUGUSTO MARCONDES

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, Vol 48, Iss 3, Pp 188-

uma situação potencialmente explosiva?

2002 Volume 188

Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2002-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Associação Médica Brasileira
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Interferon-γ Secretion Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay Determined Among Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Infected Subjects: A Potential Laboratory Marker for Early HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis Diagnosis.

Apoliano, Carlos Fernando / Assone, Tatiane / Maciel da Silva, Bosco Christiano / Andreetta Corral, Marcelo / de Oliveira, Augusto Cesar Penalva / Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes / Duarte, Alberto José da Silva / Tang, Yuyang / Casseb, Jorge

AIDS research and human retroviruses

2019 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 6–7

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Biomarkers ; Cell Proliferation ; Early Diagnosis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay ; Female ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/analysis ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Lymphocytes/virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/diagnosis ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/immunology
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639130-8
ISSN	1931-8405 ; 0889-2229
ISSN (online)	1931-8405
ISSN	0889-2229
DOI	10.1089/AID.2018.0290
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