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Article ; Online: Diagnostic imaging in COVID-19 pneumonia: a literature review.

Campagnano, Sarah / Angelini, Flavia / Fonsi, Giovanni Battista / Novelli, Simone / Drudi, Francesco Maria

2021 Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 383–395

Abstract: In December 2019 in Wuhan (China), a bat-origin coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified, and the World Health Organization named the related disease COVID-19. Its most severe ... ...

Abstract	In December 2019 in Wuhan (China), a bat-origin coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified, and the World Health Organization named the related disease COVID-19. Its most severe manifestations are pneumonia, systemic and pulmonary thromboembolism, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and respiratory failure. A swab test is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of COVID-19 despite the high number of false negatives. Radiologists play a crucial role in the rapid identification and early diagnosis of pulmonary involvement. Lung ultrasound (LUS) and computed tomography (CT) have a high sensitivity in detecting pulmonary interstitial involvement. LUS is a low-cost and radiation-free method, which allows a bedside approach and needs disinfection of only a small contact area, so it could be particularly useful during triage and in intensive care units (ICUs). High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is particularly useful in evaluating disease progression or resolution, being able to identify even the smallest changes.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Pneumonia/diagnostic imaging ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Ultrasonography/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-15
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2365426-0
ISSN	1876-7931 ; 1971-3495
ISSN (online)	1876-7931
ISSN	1971-3495
DOI	10.1007/s40477-021-00559-x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Role of lung ultrasound in patients requiring emergency surgery during COVID-19 Pandemic.

Brachini, Gioia / Sapienza, Paolo / Cirillo, Bruno / Fonsi, Giovanni Battista / Crocetti, Daniele / Mingoli, Andrea

The British journal of surgery

2020 Volume 107, Issue 13, Page(s) e669

Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2985-3
ISSN	1365-2168 ; 0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
ISSN (online)	1365-2168
ISSN	0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
DOI	10.1002/bjs.12052
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Article ; Online: Idiopathic spontaneous liver hemorrhage A report of two cases and a review of the literature.

Cirillo, Bruno / Brachini, Gioia / Zambon, Martina / Meneghini, Simona / Fonsi, Giovanni Battista / Simonelli, Luigi / Cicerchia, Pierfranco

Annali italiani di chirurgia

2021 Volume 92, Page(s) 361–364

Abstract: Spontaneous liver hemorrhage (SLH) is a serious, extremely rare, and life-threatening occurrence requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Since diagnosis might be difficult, a high mortality rate is reported. Survival depends on a prompt diagnosis ... ...

Abstract	Spontaneous liver hemorrhage (SLH) is a serious, extremely rare, and life-threatening occurrence requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Since diagnosis might be difficult, a high mortality rate is reported. Survival depends on a prompt diagnosis followed by an appropriate management. If left untreated, SLH progresses, in fact, to a hemorrhagic shock and death. SLH is rarely idiopathic, whereas more commonly is secondary to severe preeclampsia and HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelet count) syndrome, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia or hemangioma, and connective tissue diseases. We report two patients presenting with an idiopathic SLH successfully treated with angioembolization, and the results of an extensive literature review. KEY WORDS: Intrahepatic hematoma, Spontaneous liver hemorrhage, Spontaneous liver rupture.
MeSH term(s)	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Female ; HELLP Syndrome/diagnosis ; HELLP Syndrome/therapy ; Hemorrhage/etiology ; Hemorrhage/therapy ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Diseases/diagnosis ; Liver Diseases/therapy ; Liver Neoplasms/complications ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Liver Neoplasms/therapy ; Pregnancy ; Rupture, Spontaneous
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-15
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	418927-9
ISSN	2239-253X ; 0003-469X
ISSN (online)	2239-253X
ISSN	0003-469X
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Article: Role of lung ultrasound in patients requiring emergency surgery during COVID-19 Pandemic

Brachini, Gioia / Sapienza, Paolo / Cirillo, Bruno / Fonsi, Giovanni Battista / Crocetti, Daniele / Mingoli, Andrea

Br. j. surg

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #856005
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Successful Diagnosis of a Longstanding Giant Amoebic Liver Abscess Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS): A Case Report in a Western Country.

Marenga, Giuseppe / Traficante, Silvia / Ragonici, Serena / Vincenzi, Claudia / Rocchetti, Maura / De Rito, Giuseppe / Fonsi, Giovanni Battista / Messineo, Daniela

The American journal of case reports

2019 Volume 20, Page(s) 493–498

Abstract: BACKGROUND E. histolytica liver abscess results from extra-intestinal diffusion of amebiasis, which is responsible for up 100 000 deaths per annum, placing it second only to malaria in mortality. Currently, the criterion standard for the diagnosis of ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND E. histolytica liver abscess results from extra-intestinal diffusion of amebiasis, which is responsible for up 100 000 deaths per annum, placing it second only to malaria in mortality. Currently, the criterion standard for the diagnosis of liver abscesses is ultrasound, but CEUS (contrast-enhanced ultrasound) is emerging as a more accurate method for liver study, and it could be more accurate than ultrasound and non-invasive compared to CT. CASE REPORT A white man (59 years old) with a 2-day history of dyspnea, acute abdominal pain in right upper quadrant, and raised inflammatory markers was admitted to a second-level Emergency Department in Rome (Italy). He reported several trips to tropical areas many years before, during which he ingested non-potable water and became infected with Entamoeba histolytica. This was treated medically with success. After administration of antibiotics (meropenem and metronidazole), a liver CEUS (contrast-enhanced ultrasonography) with administration of SonoVue (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles) confirmed a giant liver abscess (15×16 cm). One day later, CT-guided drainage was performed without complications and the patient was discharged on the 25th post-procedure day, with improved blood results. CONCLUSIONS Acute abdominal pain can be caused by a variety of diseases, but a diagnosis of parasitic abscess should not be overlooked in non-endemic Western countries. CEUS is a new, promising, and more accurate technique that can be utilized to recognize liver abnormalities, including abscesses; however, retrospective population-wide studies are necessary to define the differential diagnoses.
MeSH term(s)	Contrast Media ; Humans ; Liver Abscess, Amebic/diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phospholipids ; Sulfur Hexafluoride ; Travel-Related Illness ; Ultrasonography
Chemical Substances	Contrast Media ; Phospholipids ; contrast agent BR1 ; Sulfur Hexafluoride (WS7LR3I1D6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2517183-5
ISSN	1941-5923 ; 1941-5923
ISSN (online)	1941-5923
ISSN	1941-5923
DOI	10.12659/AJCR.914378
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Article ; Online: Is Lung Ultrasound Imaging a Worthwhile Procedure for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Detection?

Fonsi, Giovanni Battista / Sapienza, Paolo / Brachini, Gioia / Andreoli, Chiara / De Cicco, Maria Luisa / Cirillo, Bruno / Meneghini, Simona / Pugliese, Francesco / Crocetti, Daniele / Fiori, Enrico / Mingoli, Andrea

Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine

2020 Volume 40, Issue 6, Page(s) 1113–1123

Abstract: Objectives: We compared 2 imaging modalities in patients suspected of having coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Blinded to the results of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing, lung ultrasound (LUS) ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: We compared 2 imaging modalities in patients suspected of having coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Blinded to the results of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing, lung ultrasound (LUS) examinations and chest computed tomography (CT) were performed, and the specific characteristics of these imaging studies were assessed. Methods: From March 15, 2020, to April 15, 2020, 63 consecutive patients were enrolled in this prospective pilot study. All patients underwent hematochemical tests, LUS examinations, chest CT, and confirmatory rRT-PCR. The diagnostic performance of LUS and chest CT was calculated with rRT-PCR as a reference. The interobserver agreement of radiologists and ultrasound examiners was calculated. Ultrasound and CT features were compared to assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Positive and negative likelihood ratios measured the diagnostic accuracy. Results: Nineteen (30%) patients were COVID-19 negative, and 44 (70%) were positive. No differences in demographics and clinical data at presentation were observed among positive and negative patients. Interobserver agreement for CT had a κ value of 0.877, whereas for LUS, it was 0.714. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chest CT for COVID-19 pneumonia were 93%, 90%, 85%, and 95%, respectively; whereas for LUS, they were 68%, 79%, 88%, and 52%. On receiver operating characteristic curves, area under the curve values were 0.834 (95% confidence interval, 0.711-0.958) and 0.745 (95% confidence interval, 0.606-0.884) for chest CT and LUS. Conclusions: Lung ultrasound had good reliability compared to chest CT. Therefore, our results indicate that LUS may be used to assess patients suspected of having COVID-19 pneumonia.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Pilot Projects ; Prospective Studies ; Reproducibility of Results ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Ultrasonography
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604829-8
ISSN	1550-9613 ; 0278-4297
ISSN (online)	1550-9613
ISSN	0278-4297
DOI	10.1002/jum.15487
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Article ; Online: Does Lung Ultrasound Have a Role in the Clinical Management of Pregnant Women with SARS COV2 Infection?

Porpora, Maria Grazia / Merlino, Lucia / Masciullo, Luisa / D'Alisa, Rossella / Brandolino, Gabriella / Galli, Cecilia / De Luca, Casimiro / Pecorini, Francesco / Fonsi, Giovanni Battista / Mingoli, Andrea / Franchi, Cristiana / Oliva, Alessandra / Manganaro, Lucia / Mastroianni, Claudio Maria / Piccioni, Maria Grazia

International journal of environmental research and public health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 5

Abstract: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a major health threat. Pregnancy can lead to an increased susceptibility to viral infections. Although chest computed tomography (CT) represents the gold standard for the diagnosis ...

Abstract	Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a major health threat. Pregnancy can lead to an increased susceptibility to viral infections. Although chest computed tomography (CT) represents the gold standard for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, lung ultrasound (LUS) could be a valid alternative in pregnancy. The objectives of this prospective study were to assess the role of LUS in the diagnosis of lung involvement and in helping the physicians in the management of affected patients. Thirty pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection were admitted at the obstetrical ward of our Hospital. Mean age was 31.2 years, mean gestational age 33.8 weeks. Several LUS were performed during hospitalization. The management of the patients was decided according to the LUS score and the clinical conditions. Mean gestational age at delivery was at 37.7 weeks, preterm birth was induced in 20% of cases for a worsening of the clinical conditions. No neonatal complications occurred. In 9 cases with a high LUS score, a chest CT was performed after delivery. CT confirmed the results of LUS, showing a significant positive correlation between the two techniques. LUS seems a safe alternative to CT in pregnancy and may help in the management of these patients.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19 ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; Pregnant Women ; Premature Birth ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph18052762
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Article: Prognostic Factors Influencing Infectious Complications after Cytoreductive Surgery and HIPEC: Results from a Tertiary Referral Center.

Cardi, Maurizio / Sibio, Simone / Di Marzo, Francesco / Lefoche, Francesco / d'Agostino, Claudia / Fonsi, Giovanni Battista / La Torre, Giuseppe / Carbonari, Ludovica / Sammartino, Paolo

Gastroenterology research and practice

2019 Volume 2019, Page(s) 2824073

Abstract: Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) showed promising results in selected patients. High morbidity restrains its wide application. The aim of this study was to report postoperative infectious ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) showed promising results in selected patients. High morbidity restrains its wide application. The aim of this study was to report postoperative infectious complications and investigate possible correlations with the preoperative nutritional status and other prognostic factors in patients with peritoneal metastases treated with CRS and HIPEC. Methods: For the study, we reviewed the clinical records of all patients with peritoneal metastases from different primary cancers treated with CRS and HIPEC in our Institution from November 2000 to December 2017. Patients were divided according to their nutritional status (SGA) into groups A (well-nourished) and B/C (mild or severely malnourished, respectively). Possible statistical correlations between risk factors and postoperative complication rates have been investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Two hundred patients were selected and underwent CRS and HIPEC during the study period. Postoperative complications occurred in 44% of the patients, 35.3% in SGA-A patients, and 53% in SGA-B/C patients. Cause of complications was infective in 42, noninfective in 37, and HIPEC related in 9 patients. Infectious complications occurred more frequently in SGA-B/C patients (32.6% vs. 9.8% of SGA-A patients). The most frequent sites of infection were surgical site infections (SSI, 35.7%) and central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI, 26.2%). The most frequent isolated species was Candida (22.8%). ASA score, blood loss, performance status, PCI, large bowel resection, postoperative serum albumin levels, and nutritional status correlated with higher risk for postoperative infectious complications. Conclusions: Malnourished patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy are more prone to postoperative infectious complications, and adequate perioperative nutritional support should be considered, including immune-enhancing nutrition. Sequential monitoring of common sites of infection, antifungal prevention of candidiasis, and careful patient selection should be implemented to reduce the complication rate.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-02
Publishing country	Egypt
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2435460-0
ISSN	1687-630X ; 1687-6121
ISSN (online)	1687-630X
ISSN	1687-6121
DOI	10.1155/2019/2824073
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Article: Is Lung Ultrasound Imaging a Worthwhile Procedure for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Detection?

J. ultrasound med

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: We compared 2 imaging modalities in patients suspected of having coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Blinded to the results of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing, lung ultrasound (LUS) ... ...

Abstract	OBJECTIVES: We compared 2 imaging modalities in patients suspected of having coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Blinded to the results of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing, lung ultrasound (LUS) examinations and chest computed tomography (CT) were performed, and the specific characteristics of these imaging studies were assessed. METHODS: From March 15, 2020, to April 15, 2020, 63 consecutive patients were enrolled in this prospective pilot study. All patients underwent hematochemical tests, LUS examinations, chest CT, and confirmatory rRT-PCR. The diagnostic performance of LUS and chest CT was calculated with rRT-PCR as a reference. The interobserver agreement of radiologists and ultrasound examiners was calculated. Ultrasound and CT features were compared to assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Positive and negative likelihood ratios measured the diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS: Nineteen (30%) patients were COVID-19 negative, and 44 (70%) were positive. No differences in demographics and clinical data at presentation were observed among positive and negative patients. Interobserver agreement for CT had a κ value of 0.877, whereas for LUS, it was 0.714. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chest CT for COVID-19 pneumonia were 93%, 90%, 85%, and 95%, respectively; whereas for LUS, they were 68%, 79%, 88%, and 52%. On receiver operating characteristic curves, area under the curve values were 0.834 (95% confidence interval, 0.711-0.958) and 0.745 (95% confidence interval, 0.606-0.884) for chest CT and LUS. CONCLUSIONS: Lung ultrasound had good reliability compared to chest CT. Therefore, our results indicate that LUS may be used to assess patients suspected of having COVID-19 pneumonia.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #32894583
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Is lung ultrasound imaging a worthwhile procedure for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pneumonia detection?

Fonsi, G. B. / Sapienza, P. / Brachini, G. / Andreoli, C. / De Cicco, M. L. / Cirillo, B. / Meneghini, S. / Pugliese, F. / Crocetti, D. / Fiori, E. / Mingoli, A.

2020

Abstract	Objectives: We compared 2 imaging modalities in patients suspected of having coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Blinded to the results of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing, lung ultrasound (LUS) examinations and chest computed tomography (CT) were performed, and the specific characteristics of these imaging studies were assessed. Methods: From March 15, 2020, to April 15, 2020, 63 consecutive patients were enrolled in this prospective pilot study. All patients underwent hematochemical tests, LUS examinations, chest CT, and confirmatory rRT-PCR. The diagnostic performance of LUS and chest CT was calculated with rRT-PCR as a reference. The interobserver agreement of radiologists and ultrasound examiners was calculated. Ultrasound and CT features were compared to assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Positive and negative likelihood ratios measured the diagnostic accuracy. Results: Nineteen (30%) patients were COVID-19 negative, and 44 (70%) were positive. No differences in demographics and clinical data at presentation were observed among positive and negative patients. Interobserver agreement for CT had a κ value of 0.877, whereas for LUS, it was 0.714. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chest CT for COVID-19 pneumonia were 93%, 90%, 85%, and 95%, respectively; whereas for LUS, they were 68%, 79%, 88%, and 52%. On receiver operating characteristic curves, area under the curve values were 0.834 (95% confidence interval, 0.711–0.958) and 0.745 (95% confidence interval, 0.606–0.884) for chest CT and LUS. Conclusions: Lung ultrasound had good reliability compared to chest CT. Therefore, our results indicate that LUS may be used to assess patients suspected of having COVID-19 pneumonia.
Keywords	chest computed tomography ; coronavirus disease 2019 ; lung ultrasound ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; covid19
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
Publishing country	it
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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