Article ; Online: Cytomegalovirus infection disrupts the influence of short-chain fatty acid producers on Treg/Th17 balance.
2022 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 168
Abstract: Background: Both the gut microbiota and chronic viral infections have profound effects on host immunity, but interactions between these influences have been only superficially explored. Cytomegalovirus (CMV), for example, infects approximately 80% of ... ...
Abstract | Background: Both the gut microbiota and chronic viral infections have profound effects on host immunity, but interactions between these influences have been only superficially explored. Cytomegalovirus (CMV), for example, infects approximately 80% of people globally and drives significant changes in immune cells. Similarly, certain gut-resident bacteria affect T-cell development in mice and nonhuman primates. It is unknown if changes imposed by CMV on the intestinal microbiome contribute to immunologic effects of the infection. Results: We show that rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) infection is associated with specific differences in gut microbiota composition, including decreased abundance of Firmicutes, and that the extent of microbial change was associated with immunologic changes including the proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production of CD8 Conclusions: Gut microbes have an important influence on health and disease. Diet is known to shape the microbiota, but the influence of concomitant chronic viral infections is unclear. We found that CMV influences gut microbiota composition to an extent that is correlated with immunologic changes in the host. Additionally, pre-existing correlations between immunophenotypes and gut microbes can be subverted by CMV infection. Immunologic effects of CMV infection on the host may therefore be mediated by two different mechanisms involving gut microbiota. Video Abstract. |
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MeSH term(s) | Animals ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Cytokines ; Cytomegalovirus/genetics ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Macaca mulatta ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory |
Chemical Substances | Cytokines ; Fatty Acids, Volatile |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2022-10-10 |
Publishing country | England |
Document type | Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
ZDB-ID | 2697425-3 |
ISSN | 2049-2618 ; 2049-2618 |
ISSN (online) | 2049-2618 |
ISSN | 2049-2618 |
DOI | 10.1186/s40168-022-01355-3 |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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