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Article ; Online: Understanding the Role of Sink Patches in Source-Sink Metapopulations: Reed Warbler in an Agricultural Landscape.

Foppen, Ruud P B / Chardon, J Paul / Liefveld, Wendy

Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology

2022 Volume 14, Issue 6, Page(s) 1881–1892

Abstract: Populations in agricultural landscapes often occur in source-sink situations: small patches of marginal habitat (sinks) are supported by an immigration flux from larger patches of high-quality habitat (sources). We sought to demonstrate that this ... ...

Abstract	Populations in agricultural landscapes often occur in source-sink situations: small patches of marginal habitat (sinks) are supported by an immigration flux from larger patches of high-quality habitat (sources). We sought to demonstrate that this situation occurs for Reed Warblers (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) in a riverine, mainly agricultural landscape in the Netherlands. We collected data on occurrence and habitat features in a large number of mostly small marshlands. We used a stochastic model to simulate the population dynamics in a metapopulation with sinks and sources. A statistical analysis of the field data, using regression techniques with occupation probability and abundance index as dependent variables, showed that habitat quality was less favourable in small habitat patches (e.g., ditches with reeds) than in larger patches ( large, heterogeneous marshlands). The spatial cohesion of the landscape also played an important role: abundance of breeding Reed Warblers in regions with low spatial cohesion was low. Local extinctions and recolonizations occurred, and their rates depended on the spatial parameters of the patch. This supports the hypothesis that metapopulation theory is applicable here. The results of the modeling study demonstrated that, besides the trivial dependence of sinks on sources, a larger amount of sink area and increased exchange of individuals increased the stability of source patches. This was shown not only by the larger size of the source population but also by increased resilience after a catastrophe. The area of the sink seemed less important than its distance to the source. The simulation indicated an optimal area of a few hectares (compared to a 10-ha area of the source) and a maximum distance of 2-5 km from the source. In creating sustainable landscapes, for example, by setting up an ecological network consisting of a limited number of high-quality patches, these small and seemingly insignificant habitat patches could play an important role and should be taken into consideration.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	58735-7
ISSN	1523-1739 ; 0888-8892
ISSN (online)	1523-1739
ISSN	0888-8892
DOI	10.1111/j.1523-1739.2000.99022.x
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Article ; Online: Using high-resolution LiDAR-derived canopy structure and topography to characterise hibernaculum locations of the hazel dormouse.

Gubert, Leonardo / Mathews, Fiona / McDonald, Robbie / Wilson, Robert J / Foppen, Ruud P B / Lemmers, Pim / La Haye, Maurice / Bennie, Jonathan

Oecologia

2023 Volume 202, Issue 4, Page(s) 641–653

Abstract: The hazel dormouse is predominantly an arboreal species that moves down to the ground to hibernate in the autumn in temperate parts of its distributional ranges at locations not yet well understood. The main objective of this study is to test whether ... ...

Abstract	The hazel dormouse is predominantly an arboreal species that moves down to the ground to hibernate in the autumn in temperate parts of its distributional ranges at locations not yet well understood. The main objective of this study is to test whether environmental characteristics surrounding hazel dormouse hibernacula can be identified using high-resolution remote sensing and data collected in situ. To achieve this, remotely sensed variables, including canopy height and cover, topographic slope, sky view, solar radiation and cold air drainage, were modelled around 83 dormouse hibernacula in England (n = 62) and the Netherlands (n = 21), and environmental characteristics that may be favoured by pre-hibernating dormice were identified. Data on leaf litter depth, temperature, canopy cover and distance to the nearest tree were collected in situ and analysed at hibernaculum locations in England. The findings indicated that remotely sensed data were effective in identifying attributes surrounding the locations of dormouse hibernacula and when compared to in situ information, provided more conclusive results. This study suggests that remotely sensed topographic slope, canopy height and sky view have an influence on hazel dormice choosing suitable locations to hibernate; whilst in situ data suggested that average daily mean temperature at the hibernaculum may also have an effect. Remote sensing proved capable of identifying localised environmental characteristics in the wider landscape that may be important for hibernating dormice. This study proposes that this method can provide a novel progression from habitat modelling to conservation management for the hazel dormouse, as well as other species using habitats where topography and vegetation structure influence fine-resolution favourability.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Myoxidae ; Ecosystem ; Trees ; Temperature ; England
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-06
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123369-5
ISSN	1432-1939 ; 0029-8549
ISSN (online)	1432-1939
ISSN	0029-8549
DOI	10.1007/s00442-023-05429-3
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Article: Searching for the causes of decline in the Dutch population of European Turtle Doves (Streptopelia turtur)

de Vries, E. H. J. (Lisenka) / Foppen, Ruud P. B. / van der Jeugd, Henk / Jongejans, Eelke

Ibis. 2022 Apr., v. 164, no. 2

2022

Abstract: European Turtle Doves Streptopelia turtur have experienced a sharp decline in population numbers over past decades. Much uncertainty exists about the main cause or causes. Several pressures have been suggested, but because they affect different stages of ...

Abstract	European Turtle Doves Streptopelia turtur have experienced a sharp decline in population numbers over past decades. Much uncertainty exists about the main cause or causes. Several pressures have been suggested, but because they affect different stages of the life cycle of the Turtle Dove, it is difficult to compare their contributions to the population decline. Here we applied a full life cycle approach to study how different pressures may have resulted in the decline. This was achieved by combining a review of existing literature on possible threats, pressures and the vital rates they concerned, with the analysis of an age‐structured matrix model. The population model was parameterized using estimates from a mark–recapture analysis and supplemented with vital rate estimates from the literature. Comparison with a Life Table Response Experiment (LTRE) was used to determine whether the Turtle Dove literature focuses on those vital rates in which the most important changes have taken place over time. The population model projected a similar decline to that observed in population counts. The LTRE analysis showed that declines in the number of clutches (halved since the 1960s) and in juvenile survival (relative annual rate of change of –1.33% since the 1950s) contributed most to the decline in the projected population growth rate. Although these vital rates are often reported as possible causes of population decline, the reviewed studies often focused on specific reproductive stages, such as egg survival or nestling survival, which did not show a large temporal change. Thus, there is a partial mismatch between our modelling results and the focus in the literature. Juvenile survival is thought to be affected by hunting, degradation of wintering habitat and infection with Trichomonas gallinae, and loss of foraging habitat seems to affect the number of clutches. The focus of conservation measures should therefore be on these threats and pressures. The first steps have already been taken with the completion of the international single species action plan for the conservation of the Turtle Dove and the implementation of the first conservation measures on the breeding grounds.
Keywords	Streptopelia turtur ; Trichomonas gallinae ; eggs ; habitats ; juveniles ; life tables ; mark-recapture studies ; models ; population growth ; temporal variation ; uncertainty
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-04
Size	p. 552-573.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2071870-6
ISSN	1474-919X ; 0019-1019
ISSN (online)	1474-919X
ISSN	0019-1019
DOI	10.1111/ibi.13031
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Article: Better together? Assessing different remote sensing products for predicting habitat suitability of wetland birds

Koma, Zsófia / Seijmonsbergen, Arie C. / Grootes, Meiert W. / Nattino, Francesco / Groot, Jim / Sierdsema, Henk / Foppen, Ruud P. B. / Kissling, W. Daniel

Diversity & distributions. 2022 Apr., v. 28, no. 4

2022

Abstract: AIM: The increasing availability of remote sensing (RS) products from airborne laser scanning (ALS) surveys, synthetic aperture radar acquisitions and multispectral satellite imagery provides unprecedented opportunities for describing the physical ... ...

Abstract	AIM: The increasing availability of remote sensing (RS) products from airborne laser scanning (ALS) surveys, synthetic aperture radar acquisitions and multispectral satellite imagery provides unprecedented opportunities for describing the physical structure and seasonal changes of vegetation. However, the added value of these RS products for predicting species distributions and animal habitats beyond land cover maps remains little explored. Here, we aim to assess how metrics derived from different types of high‐resolution (10 m) RS products predict the habitat suitability of wetland birds. LOCATION: North‐eastern part of the Netherlands. METHODS: We built species distribution models (SDMs) with occurrence observations from territory mapping of two selected wetland bird species (great reed warbler and Savi's warbler) and metrics from a Dutch land cover map, country‐wide ALS and Sentinel‐1 and Sentinel‐2 RS products. We then compared model performance, relative variable importance and response curves of the SDMs to assess the contribution and ecological relevance of each RS product and metric. RESULTS: Our results showed that ALS and Sentinel metrics improve SDMs with only land cover metrics by 11% and 10% of the Area Under Curve (AUC) for the great reed warbler and the Savi's warbler respectively. Assessments of feature importance revealed that all types of RS products contributed substantially to predicting the habitat suitability of these wetland birds, but that the most important variables vary among species. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that metrics from different high‐resolution RS products capture complementary ecological information on animal habitats, including aspects such as the proportional cover of habitat types, vegetation density and the horizontal variability of vegetation height. Land cover maps with detailed spatial and thematic information can already achieve high model accuracies, but adding metrics derived from ALS point clouds and Sentinel imagery further improve model accuracy and enhance the understanding of animal–habitat relationships.
Keywords	Acrocephalus arundinaceus ; birds ; geographical distribution ; habitats ; land cover ; model validation ; remote sensing ; synthetic aperture radar ; vegetation ; wetlands ; Netherlands
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-04
Size	p. 685-699.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2020139-4
ISSN	1472-4642 ; 1366-9516
ISSN (online)	1472-4642
ISSN	1366-9516
DOI	10.1111/ddi.13468
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Article: eEcoLiDAR, eScience infrastructure for ecological applications of LiDAR point clouds: reconstructing the 3D ecosystem structure for animals at regional to continental scales

Kissling, W. Daniel / Seijmonsbergen, Arie C. / Foppen, Ruud P. B. / Bouten, Willem

Research Ideas and Outcomes. 2017 July 16, v. 3

2017

Abstract: The lack of high-resolution measurements of 3D ecosystem structure across broad spatial extents impedes major advancements in animal ecology and biodiversity science. We aim to fill this gap by using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology to ... ...

Abstract	The lack of high-resolution measurements of 3D ecosystem structure across broad spatial extents impedes major advancements in animal ecology and biodiversity science. We aim to fill this gap by using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology to characterize the vertical and horizontal complexity of vegetation and landscapes at high resolution across regional to continental scales. The newly LiDAR-derived 3D ecosystem structures will be applied in species distribution models for breeding birds in forests and marshlands, for insect pollinators in agricultural landscapes, and songbirds at stopover sites during migration. This will allow novel insights into the hierarchical structure of animal-habitat associations, into why animal populations decline, and how they respond to habitat fragmentation and ongoing land use change. The processing of these massive amounts of LiDAR point cloud data will be achieved by developing a generic interactive eScience environment with multi-scale object-based image analysis (OBIA) and interpretation of LiDAR point clouds, including data storage, scalable computing, tools for machine learning and visualisation (feature selection, annotation/segmentation, object classification, and evaluation), and a PostGIS spatial database. The classified objects will include trees, forests, vegetation strata, edges, bushes, hedges, reedbeds etc. with their related metrics, attributes and summary statistics (e.g. vegetation openness, height, density, vertical biomass distribution etc.). The newly developed eScience tools and data will be available to other disciplines and applications in ecology and the Earth sciences, thereby achieving high impact. The project will foster new multi-disciplinary collaborations between ecologists and eScientists and contribute to training a new generation of geo-ecologists.
Keywords	biodiversity ; biomass ; data collection ; databases ; decline ; ecosystems ; geographical distribution ; habitat fragmentation ; image analysis ; information storage ; infrastructure ; land use change ; lidar ; research ; statistics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-0716
Publishing place	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2833254-4
ISSN	2367-7163
ISSN	2367-7163
DOI	10.3897/rio.3.e14939
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Article: An assessment of relative habitat use as a metric for species’ habitat association and degree of specialization

O'Reilly, Enya / Gregory, Richard D. / Aunins, Ainars / Brotons, Lluís / Chodkiewicz, Tomasz / Escandell, Virginia / Foppen, Ruud P.B. / Gamero, Anna / Herrando, Sergi / Jiguet, Frédéric / Kålås, John A. / Kamp, Johannes / Klvaňová, Alena / Lehikoinen, Aleksi / Lindström, Åke / Massimino, Dario / Jostein Øien, Ingar / Reif, Jiří / Šilarová, Eva /

Teufelbauer, Norbert / Trautmann, Sven / van Turnhout, Chris / Vikstrøm, Thomas / Voříšek, Petr / Butler, Simon J.

Ecological indicators. 2022 Feb., v. 135

2022

Abstract: In order to understand species’ sensitivity to habitat change, we must correctly determine if a species is associated with a habitat or not, and if it is associated, its degree of specialization for that habitat. However, definitions of species’ habitat ... ...

Abstract	In order to understand species’ sensitivity to habitat change, we must correctly determine if a species is associated with a habitat or not, and if it is associated, its degree of specialization for that habitat. However, definitions of species’ habitat association and specialization are often static, categorical classifications that coarsely define species as either habitat specialists or generalists and can fail to account for potential temporal or spatial differences in association or specialization. In contrast, quantitative metrics can provide a more nuanced assessment, defining species’ habitat associations and specialization along a continuous scale and accommodate for temporal or spatial variation, but these approaches are less widely used. Here we explore relative habitat use (RHU) as a metric for quantifying species’ association with and degree of specialization for different habitat types. RHU determines the extent of a species’ association with a given habitat by comparing its abundance in that habitat relative to its mean abundance across all other habitats. Using monitoring data for breeding birds across Europe from 1998 to 2017; we calculate RHU scores for 246 species for five habitat types and compared them to the literature-based classifications of their association with and specialization for each of these habitats. We also explored the temporal variation in species’ RHU scores for each habitat and assessed how this varied according to association and degree of specialization. In general, species’ RHU and literature-derived classifications were well aligned, as RHU scores for a given habitat increased in line with reported association and specialization. In addition, temporal variation in RHU scores were influenced by association and degree of specialization, with lower scores for those associated with, and those more specialized to, a given habitat. As a continuous metric, RHU allows a detailed assessment of species’ association with and degree of specialization for different habitats that can be tailored to specific temporal and/or spatial requirements. It has the potential to be a valuable tool for identifying indicator species and in supporting the design, implementation and monitoring of conservation management actions.
Keywords	habitat preferences ; habitats ; indicator species ; temporal variation ; Europe
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-02
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2036774-0
ISSN	1872-7034 ; 1470-160X
ISSN (online)	1872-7034
ISSN	1470-160X
DOI	10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108521
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Article: Surviving on the edge: a conservation-oriented habitat analysis and forest edge manipulation for the hazel dormouse in the Netherlands

Ramakers, Jip J. C / Dorenbosch, Martijn / Foppen, Ruud P. B

European journal of wildlife research. 2014 Dec., v. 60, no. 6

2014

Abstract: We studied the effect of a forest edge management quasi-experiment on hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) nest numbers in the reproductive season in the Netherlands. We found that the number of nests increased significantly from 2009 to 2013 in ... ...

Abstract	We studied the effect of a forest edge management quasi-experiment on hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) nest numbers in the reproductive season in the Netherlands. We found that the number of nests increased significantly from 2009 to 2013 in managed edges after clearing 75–100 % of mature trees, with a peak in the second year, whereas those in unmanaged edges decreased. In addition, we studied habitat characteristics in forest edges and hedgerows, and found a positive effect of a high upper shrub layer and a high abundance of blackberry (Rubus fruticosus agg. and Rubus spp.), rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) and common hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) on nest densities. Based on these results, we propose a potential dormouse management strategy that extends conventionally advocated coppice management for regions with well-developed forest edges by (i) postulating a blackberry-oriented landscape restoration approach and (ii) using clearing of mature trees as a tool to boost local dormouse populations in forest edges that have become unsuitable as dormouse habitat due to vegetational succession.
Keywords	Crataegus monogyna ; Rubus plicatus ; Sorbus aucuparia ; blackberries ; coppicing ; edge effects ; habitats ; landscape management ; nests ; shrubs ; trees ; Netherlands
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-12
Size	p. 927-931.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2141660-6
ISSN	1439-0574 ; 1612-4642
ISSN (online)	1439-0574
ISSN	1612-4642
DOI	10.1007/s10344-014-0849-5
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Article ; Online: Harmonizing outdoor recreation and bird conservation targets in protected areas: Applying available monitoring data to facilitate collaborative management at the regional scale.

Pouwels, Rogier / Sierdsema, Henk / Foppen, Ruud P B / Henkens, René J H G / Opdam, Paul F M / van Eupen, Michiel

Journal of environmental management

2017 Volume 198, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 248–255

Abstract: In protected areas managers have to achieve conservation targets while providing opportunities for outdoor recreation. This dual mandate causes conflicts in choosing between management options. Furthermore, the persistence of a protected species within ... ...

Abstract	In protected areas managers have to achieve conservation targets while providing opportunities for outdoor recreation. This dual mandate causes conflicts in choosing between management options. Furthermore, the persistence of a protected species within the management unit often depends on how conservation areas elsewhere in the region are managed. We present an assessment procedure to guide groups of managers in aligning outdoor recreation and bird conservation targets for a regional scale protected area in the Netherlands. We used existing bird monitoring data and simulated visitor densities to statistically model the impact of outdoor recreation on bird densities. The models were used to extrapolate the local impacts for other parts of the area, but also to assess the impact on conservation targets at the regional level that were determined by the national government. The assessment shows impacts of outdoor recreation on Nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus), Stonechat (Saxicola torquata) and Woodlark (Lullula arborea), reducing the regional population by up to 28 percent. The Woodlark population size was reduced below the level of the politically determined conservation target. The output of the regression models provides information that connects implications of local management to regional scale conservation targets. The spatial maps of bird densities can help in deciding where reducing visitor disturbance is expected to result in increasing bird populations, or where alternative measures, such as improving the habitat conditions, could be effective. We suggest that by using our assessment procedure collaborative decision making is facilitated.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Birds ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; Netherlands ; Recreation
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.069
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Article: Wintering bird communities are tracking climate change faster than breeding communities

Lehikoinen, Aleksi / Lindström, Åke / Santangeli, Andrea / Sirkiä, Päivi M / Brotons, Lluís / Devictor, Vincent / Elts, Jaanus / Foppen, Ruud P. B / Heldbjerg, Henning / Herrando, Sergi / Herremans, Marc / Hudson, Marie‐Anne R / Jiguet, Frédéric / Johnston, Alison / Lorrilliere, Romain / Marjakangas, Emma‐Liina / Michel, Nicole L / Moshøj, Charlotte M / Nellis, Renno /

Paquet, Jean‐Yves / Smith, Adam C / Szép, Tibor / van Turnhout, Chris

journal of animal ecology. 2021 May, v. 90, no. 5

2021

Abstract: Global climate change is driving species' distributions towards the poles and mountain tops during both non‐breeding and breeding seasons, leading to changes in the composition of natural communities. However, the degree of season differences in climate‐ ... ...

Abstract	Global climate change is driving species' distributions towards the poles and mountain tops during both non‐breeding and breeding seasons, leading to changes in the composition of natural communities. However, the degree of season differences in climate‐driven community shifts has not been thoroughly investigated at large spatial scales. We compared the rates of change in the community composition during both winter (non‐breeding season) and summer (breeding) and their relation to temperature changes. Based on continental‐scale data from Europe and North America, we examined changes in bird community composition using the community temperature index (CTI) approach and compared the changes with observed regional temperature changes during 1980–2016. CTI increased faster in winter than in summer. This seasonal discrepancy is probably because individuals are less site‐faithful in winter, and can more readily shift their wintering sites in response to weather in comparison to the breeding season. Regional long‐term changes in community composition were positively associated with regional temperature changes during both seasons, but the pattern was only significant during summer due to high annual variability in winter communities. Annual changes in community composition were positively associated with the annual temperature changes during both seasons. Our results were broadly consistent across continents, suggesting some climate‐driven restructuring in both European and North American avian communities. Because community composition has changed much faster during the winter than during the breeding season, it is important to increase our knowledge about climate‐driven impacts during the less‐studied non‐breeding season.
Keywords	birds ; climate change ; community structure ; summer ; temperature ; winter ; Europe ; North America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-05
Size	p. 1085-1095.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	3024-7
ISSN	1365-2656 ; 0021-8790
ISSN (online)	1365-2656
ISSN	0021-8790
DOI	10.1111/1365-2656.13433
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Article ; Online: Wintering bird communities are tracking climate change faster than breeding communities.

Lehikoinen, Aleksi / Lindström, Åke / Santangeli, Andrea / Sirkiä, Päivi M / Brotons, Lluís / Devictor, Vincent / Elts, Jaanus / Foppen, Ruud P B / Heldbjerg, Henning / Herrando, Sergi / Herremans, Marc / Hudson, Marie-Anne R / Jiguet, Frédéric / Johnston, Alison / Lorrilliere, Romain / Marjakangas, Emma-Liina / Michel, Nicole L / Moshøj, Charlotte M / Nellis, Renno /

Paquet, Jean-Yves / Smith, Adam C / Szép, Tibor / van Turnhout, Chris

The Journal of animal ecology

2021 Volume 90, Issue 5, Page(s) 1085–1095

Abstract: Global climate change is driving species' distributions towards the poles and mountain tops during both non-breeding and breeding seasons, leading to changes in the composition of natural communities. However, the degree of season differences in climate- ... ...

Abstract	Global climate change is driving species' distributions towards the poles and mountain tops during both non-breeding and breeding seasons, leading to changes in the composition of natural communities. However, the degree of season differences in climate-driven community shifts has not been thoroughly investigated at large spatial scales. We compared the rates of change in the community composition during both winter (non-breeding season) and summer (breeding) and their relation to temperature changes. Based on continental-scale data from Europe and North America, we examined changes in bird community composition using the community temperature index (CTI) approach and compared the changes with observed regional temperature changes during 1980-2016. CTI increased faster in winter than in summer. This seasonal discrepancy is probably because individuals are less site-faithful in winter, and can more readily shift their wintering sites in response to weather in comparison to the breeding season. Regional long-term changes in community composition were positively associated with regional temperature changes during both seasons, but the pattern was only significant during summer due to high annual variability in winter communities. Annual changes in community composition were positively associated with the annual temperature changes during both seasons. Our results were broadly consistent across continents, suggesting some climate-driven restructuring in both European and North American avian communities. Because community composition has changed much faster during the winter than during the breeding season, it is important to increase our knowledge about climate-driven impacts during the less-studied non-breeding season.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Birds ; Climate Change ; Europe ; North America ; Population Dynamics ; Seasons
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3024-7
ISSN	1365-2656 ; 0021-8790
ISSN (online)	1365-2656
ISSN	0021-8790
DOI	10.1111/1365-2656.13433
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