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  1. Article ; Online: Incident edentulism and number of comorbidities among middle-aged and older Americans.

    Tung, Ho-Jui / Ford, Randall

    Gerodontology

    2023  Volume 40, Issue 4, Page(s) 484–490

    Abstract: Backgrounds: Certain chronic non-communicable diseases have been associated with the loss of all natural permanent teeth, referred to as edentulism. It has been suggested that edentulism, a chronic dental state, involving the loss of all teeth and ... ...

    Abstract Backgrounds: Certain chronic non-communicable diseases have been associated with the loss of all natural permanent teeth, referred to as edentulism. It has been suggested that edentulism, a chronic dental state, involving the loss of all teeth and poorer masticatory efficiency, could be associated with multiple chronic conditions as people age. In this study, we describe the association between the number of comorbidities and incident edentulism in a representative sample of older Americans.
    Methods: We took data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Dentate participants aged 50 or older at the baseline of 2006 (N = 13 221) and 2012 (N = 13 938) were linked to their dentate and survival status at the follow-up interviews in 2012 and 2018, respectively. The association between the number of comorbidities and incident edentulism was investigated by using multinomial logistic regression models.
    Results: Over the two observation periods, the number of selected chronic conditions was predictive of edentulism 6 years later. A 10% higher chance of becoming edentulous by 2012 (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.20) was found for every additional comorbid condition to those who remained dentate in 2012. A similar association was identified for the 2012-2018 period.
    Conclusion: Among older adults, the number of comorbidities was predictive of incident edentulism, and the same association pattern was found across two longitudinal study periods. Older adults with an increase in the number of comorbidities may experience a higher chance of tooth loss later in time.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mouth, Edentulous/epidemiology ; Tooth Loss/epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Chronic Disease
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604810-9
    ISSN 1741-2358 ; 0734-0664
    ISSN (online) 1741-2358
    ISSN 0734-0664
    DOI 10.1111/ger.12675
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 2593: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Time-varying Reproduction Numbers of COVID-19 in Georgia, USA, March 2, 2020 to November 20, 2020.

    Muniz-Rodriguez, Kamalich / Chowell, Gerardo / Schwind, Jessica S / Ford, Randall / Ofori, Sylvia K / Ogwara, Chigozie A / Davies, Margaret R / Jacobs, Terrence / Cheung, Chi-Hin / Cowan, Logan T / Hansen, Andrew R / Chun-Hai Fung, Isaac

    The Permanente journal

    2021  Volume 25

    Abstract: Background: In 2020, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 impacted Georgia, USA. Georgia announced a state-wide shelter-in-place on April 2 and partially lifted restrictions on April 27. We estimated the time-varying reproduction numbers (R!## ...

    Abstract Background: In 2020, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 impacted Georgia, USA. Georgia announced a state-wide shelter-in-place on April 2 and partially lifted restrictions on April 27. We estimated the time-varying reproduction numbers (R
    Methods: We analyzed the daily incidence of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Georgia, Metro Atlanta, and Dougherty County and its surrounding counties, and estimated R
    Results: The median R
    Conclusions: In Spring 2020, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 transmission in Georgia declined likely because of social distancing measures. However, because restrictions were relaxed in late April and elections were conducted in November, community transmission continued, with R
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; Georgia/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Time
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2062823-7
    ISSN 1552-5775 ; 1552-5775
    ISSN (online) 1552-5775
    ISSN 1552-5775
    DOI 10.7812/TPP/20.232
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  3. Article ; Online: Quantitative assessment of human and pet exposure to Salmonella associated with dry pet foods.

    Lambertini, Elisabetta / Buchanan, Robert L / Narrod, Clare / Ford, Randall M / Baker, Robert C / Pradhan, Abani K

    International journal of food microbiology

    2016  Volume 216, Page(s) 79–90

    Abstract: Recent Salmonella outbreaks associated with dry pet foods and treats highlight the importance of these foods as previously overlooked exposure vehicles for both pets and humans. In the last decade efforts have been made to raise the safety of this class ... ...

    Abstract Recent Salmonella outbreaks associated with dry pet foods and treats highlight the importance of these foods as previously overlooked exposure vehicles for both pets and humans. In the last decade efforts have been made to raise the safety of this class of products, for instance by upgrading production equipment, cleaning protocols, and finished product testing. However, no comprehensive or quantitative risk profile is available for pet foods, thus limiting the ability to establish safety standards and assess the effectiveness of current and proposed Salmonella control measures. This study sought to develop an ingredients-to-consumer quantitative microbial exposure assessment model to: 1) estimate pet and human exposure to Salmonella via dry pet food, and 2) assess the impact of industry and household-level mitigation strategies on exposure. Data on prevalence and concentration of Salmonella in pet food ingredients, production process parameters, bacterial ecology, and contact transfer in the household were obtained through literature review, industry data, and targeted research. A probabilistic Monte Carlo modeling framework was developed to simulate the production process and basic household exposure routes. Under the range of assumptions adopted in this model, human exposure due to handling pet food is null to minimal if contamination occurs exclusively before extrusion. Exposure increases considerably if recontamination occurs post-extrusion during coating with fat, although mean ingested doses remain modest even at high fat contamination levels, due to the low percent of fat in the finished product. Exposure is highly variable, with the distribution of doses ingested by adult pet owners spanning 3Log CFU per exposure event. Child exposure due to ingestion of 1g of pet food leads to significantly higher doses than adult doses associated with handling the food. Recontamination after extrusion and coating, e.g., via dust or equipment surfaces, may also lead to exposure due to the absence of pathogen reduction steps after extrusion or at consumer households. Exposure is potentially highest when Salmonella is transferred to human food that is left at growth-promoting conditions. This model can be applied to evaluate the impact of alternative Salmonella control measures during production, risk communication to consumers, and regulatory standards.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Animal Feed/microbiology ; Animals ; Child ; Disease Outbreaks ; Food Handling/methods ; Food Microbiology ; Humans ; Salmonella/isolation & purification ; Salmonella Infections/microbiology ; Zoonoses/microbiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 87122-9
    ISSN 1879-3460 ; 0168-1605
    ISSN (online) 1879-3460
    ISSN 0168-1605
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.09.005
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4668: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  4. Article ; Online: Framework for managing mycotoxin risks in the food industry.

    Baker, Robert C / Ford, Randall M / Helander, Mary E / Marecki, Janusz / Natarajan, Ramesh / Ray, Bonnie

    Journal of food protection

    2014  Volume 77, Issue 12, Page(s) 2181–2188

    Abstract: We propose a methodological framework for managing mycotoxin risks in the food processing industry. Mycotoxin contamination is a well-known threat to public health that has economic significance for the food processing industry; it is imperative to ... ...

    Abstract We propose a methodological framework for managing mycotoxin risks in the food processing industry. Mycotoxin contamination is a well-known threat to public health that has economic significance for the food processing industry; it is imperative to address mycotoxin risks holistically, at all points in the procurement, processing, and distribution pipeline, by tracking the relevant data, adopting best practices, and providing suitable adaptive controls. The proposed framework includes (i) an information and data repository, (ii) a collaborative infrastructure with analysis and simulation tools, (iii) standardized testing and acceptance sampling procedures, and (iv) processes that link the risk assessments and testing results to the sourcing, production, and product release steps. The implementation of suitable acceptance sampling protocols for mycotoxin testing is considered in some detail.
    MeSH term(s) Food Contamination/analysis ; Food Contamination/prevention & control ; Food Industry ; Food Microbiology ; Mycotoxins/analysis ; Public Health ; Risk Assessment
    Chemical Substances Mycotoxins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-10-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 243284-5
    ISSN 1944-9097 ; 0362-028X
    ISSN (online) 1944-9097
    ISSN 0362-028X
    DOI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-060
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 2631: Show issues

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  5. Article ; Online: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Georgia, USA, 2020

    Muniz-Rodriguez, Kamalich / Chowell, Gerardo / Schwind, Jessica Smith / Ford, Randall / Ofori, Sylvia K. / Ogwara, Chigozie A. / Davies, Margaret R. / Jacobs, Terrence / Cheung, Chi-Hin / Cowan, Logan T. / Hansen, Andrew R. / Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Objective: SARS-CoV-2 has significantly impacted Georgia, USA including two major hotspots, Metro Atlanta and Dougherty County in southwestern Georgia. With government deliberations about relaxing social distancing measures, it is important to understand ...

    Abstract Objective: SARS-CoV-2 has significantly impacted Georgia, USA including two major hotspots, Metro Atlanta and Dougherty County in southwestern Georgia. With government deliberations about relaxing social distancing measures, it is important to understand the trajectory of the epidemic in the state of Georgia. Methods: We collected daily cumulative incidence of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Georgia. We estimated the reproductive number (Re) of the COVID-19 epidemic on April 18 and May 2 by characterizing the initial growth phase of the epidemic using the generalized-growth model. Results: The data presents a sub-exponential growth pattern in the cumulative incidence curves. On April 18, 2020, Re was estimated as 1.20 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.20) for the state of Georgia, 1.10 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.20) for Dougherty County, and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.20) for Metro Atlanta. Extending our analysis to May 2, 2020, Re estimates decreased to 1.10 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.10) for the state of Georgia, 1.00 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.10) for Dougherty County, and 1.10 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.10) for Metro Atlanta. Conclusions: Transmission appeared to be decreasing after the implementation of social distancing measures. However, these results should be interpreted with caution when considering relaxing control measures due to low testing rates.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-26
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.05.19.20107219
    Database COVID19

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  6. Article: Behavior and endocrine concentrations do not distinguish sex in monomorphic juvenile howlers (Alouatta palliata).

    Clarke, Margaret R / Zucker, Evan L / Ford, Randall T / Harrison, Richard M

    American journal of primatology

    2007  Volume 69, Issue 4, Page(s) 477–484

    Abstract: Behavioral observations on juvenile mantled howlers are limited by visually undifferentiated genitalia; however, animals can be sexed when they are very young or if they are captured. Behavioral data and fecal samples from juveniles during month-long ... ...

    Abstract Behavioral observations on juvenile mantled howlers are limited by visually undifferentiated genitalia; however, animals can be sexed when they are very young or if they are captured. Behavioral data and fecal samples from juveniles during month-long field studies from 1993 to 1995 were analyzed to determine whether there are developmental differences in behavior or hormone concentrations that can be used to differentiate males from females. The subjects were juveniles of known sex and age from five different social groups on Hacienda La Pacifica, Costa Rica. Based on 749.8 hr of focal-animal sampling, there were no sex differences in daily activity patterns. There were no sex differences in proximity to mothers and other group members, and age differences reflected howler life-history patterns. There were no differences in estradiol or testosterone concentration by age or sex. Juvenile monomorphy thus extends beyond morphology to behavioral and hormonal similarity as well. Most juveniles are forced out of their natal groups and remain solitary until they join new groups by supplanting all same-sex adult group members. Monomorphy may allow them to spend more time in natal groups, and thus both reduce the solitary period and allow the juveniles to improve social skills needed for later immigration. While this strategy may benefit juvenile howlers, it remains a problem for those who wish to study juvenile sex differences from a distance.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Alouatta/metabolism ; Alouatta/physiology ; Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Costa Rica ; Feces/chemistry ; Female ; Gonadal Hormones/analysis ; Male ; Observation ; Sex Determination Analysis/methods
    Chemical Substances Gonadal Hormones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1495834-x
    ISSN 1098-2345 ; 0275-2565
    ISSN (online) 1098-2345
    ISSN 0275-2565
    DOI 10.1002/ajp.20354
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