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Article ; Online: Tree responses and temperature requirements in two central Italy phenological gardens.

Fornaciari, Marco / Marrapodi, Silvia / Ruga, Luigia / Proietti, Chiara / Orlandi, Fabio

2023 Volume 67, Issue 10, Page(s) 1607–1617

Abstract: Plants have always been able to adapt to climate change by reacting through various responses, mainly at the phenological level. The aim of this work is to investigate the behavior of specific tree species located in two phenological gardens in central ... ...

Abstract	Plants have always been able to adapt to climate change by reacting through various responses, mainly at the phenological level. The aim of this work is to investigate the behavior of specific tree species located in two phenological gardens in central Italy in relation to the temperature increases recorded in recent years. Specifically, four main phenological phases, BBCH_11, BBCH_19, BBCH_91, and BBCH_65, were monitored during a 14-year time period. The data of the weeks corresponding to the first appearance of each phenological phase and the respective heat accumulations for each species were cross-referenced with the meteorological data recorded by the stations in the two considered areas. Based on average temperature, calculated over reference periods, the species were divided by creating "warm" year groups and "cold" year groups so as to better highlight any differences in the behavior of the same species. In addition, a strong correlation was shown between the maximum temperatures in February and the advances of phenological phases BBCH_11 and BBCH_65. Most of the tree species have shown strong adaptation to climate warming, changing the period of occurrence of the phases themselves.
MeSH term(s)	Trees ; Temperature ; Gardens ; Seasons ; Italy ; Climate Change
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280324-0
ISSN	1432-1254 ; 0020-7128
ISSN (online)	1432-1254
ISSN	0020-7128
DOI	10.1007/s00484-023-02522-3
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Article ; Online: Ecosystem functions of fruit woody species in an urban environment

Orlandi, Fabio / Marrapodi, Silvia / Proietti, Chiara / Ruga, Luigia / Fornaciari, Marco

Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Jan., v. 195, no. 1 p.118-118

2023

Abstract: The objective of this work was to investigate the potential ecosystem services of 16 fruit trees to plan and manage more efficiently “Urban Forest,” increasing also the resilience of cities to climate change. We evaluated the potential capacity of PM10 ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this work was to investigate the potential ecosystem services of 16 fruit trees to plan and manage more efficiently “Urban Forest,” increasing also the resilience of cities to climate change. We evaluated the potential capacity of PM10 absorption, the storage of CO₂ from the atmosphere, and the cooling of the environment through shading by the crown and through evapotranspiration. We observed that some species, such as Morus nigra, Juglans regia, Pyrus communis, and Cydonia oblonga, are able to store a higher quantity of CO₂ than others over a period of 50 years, respectively, of 2.40 tons, 2.33 tons, 1.51 tons, and 0.96 tons. Ficus carica, Juglans regia, and Morus nigra were relevant for PM10 absorption, since they were able to absorb, referring to the year 2019, 146.4 gr/tree, 195.6 gr/tree, and 143.1 gr/tree, respectively. Results showed that these ecosystem functions depend principally on the morphological characteristics of the individuals: their height, DBH, expansion of their crowns, and characteristics of the foliage system.
Keywords	Cydonia oblonga ; Ficus carica ; Juglans regia ; Morus nigra ; Pyrus communis ; absorption ; carbon dioxide ; climate change ; cooling ; ecosystems ; evapotranspiration ; fruits ; leaves ; trees ; urban areas ; urban forests ; woody plants
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-01
Size	p. 118.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-022-10717-1
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Viable and not viable spore concentrations in National Gallery of Umbria (Italy)

Ruga, Luigia / Orlandi, Fabio / Fornaciari, Marco

Aerobiologia. 2021 June, v. 37, no. 2

2021

Abstract: The conservation actions towards artworks holding a common patrimony for the community are of primary importance, but also those related to their "container" as museums, libraries or archives are to consider. Fungal spores and bacteria carried by air ... ...

Abstract	The conservation actions towards artworks holding a common patrimony for the community are of primary importance, but also those related to their "container" as museums, libraries or archives are to consider. Fungal spores and bacteria carried by air flows to the artwork surface can colonize it causing biodeterioration through physical and/or chemical alterations of the materials with the irreversible loss of their value. The quality control of the indoor air surrounding the historic building is essential, as well as for the protection and conservation of the artwork, also for the protection of the health of operators and visitors. The aim of this study was to monitor airborne fungal particles, through volumetric spore traps, for improving the knowledge about the conservation and protection of artworks in the museum environment analysing the principal relationships between indoor environmental conditions and potentially biodeteriogen fungal spore growth. The evidence of no significant relationships between spore concentrations and environmental conditions recorded inside the different expositive rooms testified the regular and correct maintenance of the air conditioning system inside the considered building (National Gallery of Umbria, central Italy). Moreover, in a specific museum room a significant spore concentration decreasing trend was recorded mainly due to a structural modification in the same building.
Keywords	air ; biodegradation ; fungal spores ; fungi ; historic sites ; museums ; quality control ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-06
Size	p. 363-372.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	1499126-3
ISSN	1573-3025 ; 0393-5965
ISSN (online)	1573-3025
ISSN	0393-5965
DOI	10.1007/s10453-021-09692-w
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Article ; Online: Ecosystem functions of fruit woody species in an urban environment.

Orlandi, Fabio / Marrapodi, Silvia / Proietti, Chiara / Ruga, Luigia / Fornaciari, Marco

Environmental monitoring and assessment

2022 Volume 195, Issue 1, Page(s) 118

Abstract: The objective of this work was to investigate the potential ecosystem services of 16 fruit trees to plan and manage more efficiently "Urban Forest," increasing also the resilience of cities to climate change. We evaluated the potential capacity of PM10 ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this work was to investigate the potential ecosystem services of 16 fruit trees to plan and manage more efficiently "Urban Forest," increasing also the resilience of cities to climate change. We evaluated the potential capacity of PM10 absorption, the storage of CO
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Fruit ; Carbon Dioxide ; Environmental Monitoring ; Trees
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-18
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-022-10717-1
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Article: Willow phenological modelling at different altitudes in central Italy

Orlandi, Fabio / Ruga, Luigia / Fornaciari, Marco

Environmental monitoring and assessment. 2020 Nov., v. 192, no. 11

2020

Abstract: In order to estimate the impact of climate change on the phenological parameters and to compare them with the historical record, a decision support system (DSS) has been applied employing a Phenological Modelling Platform. Biological observations of two ... ...

Abstract	In order to estimate the impact of climate change on the phenological parameters and to compare them with the historical record, a decision support system (DSS) has been applied employing a Phenological Modelling Platform. Biological observations of two willow species (Salix acutifolia and smithiana Willd) in 3 gardens at different altitudes located in Central Italy were utilized to identify suitable phenological models related to four main vegetative phase timings (BBCH11, BBCH91, BBCH 94, BBCH95), and male full flowering (BBCH 65) clearly identifiable in these species. The present investigation identifies the best phenological models for the main phenophases allowing their practical application as real-time monitoring and plant development prediction tools. Sigmoid model revealed high performances in simulating spring vegetative phases, BBCH11 (First leaves unfolded), and BBCH91 (Shoot and foliage growth completed). Salix acutifolia Willd. development appeared to be more related to temperature amount interpreted by phenological models in comparison to Salix smithiana Willd. above all during spring (BBCH11 and 91), probably due to a different grade of phenotypic plasticity between the 2 considered species.
Keywords	Salix ; climate change ; decision support systems ; historical records ; leaves ; males ; models ; phenology ; phenotypic plasticity ; prediction ; spring ; temperature ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-11
Size	p. 737.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-020-08702-7
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Willow phenological modelling at different altitudes in central Italy.

Orlandi, Fabio / Ruga, Luigia / Fornaciari, Marco

Environmental monitoring and assessment

2020 Volume 192, Issue 11, Page(s) 737

Abstract	In order to estimate the impact of climate change on the phenological parameters and to compare them with the historical record, a decision support system (DSS) has been applied employing a Phenological Modelling Platform. Biological observations of two willow species (Salix acutifolia and smithiana Willd) in 3 gardens at different altitudes located in Central Italy were utilized to identify suitable phenological models related to four main vegetative phase timings (BBCH11, BBCH91, BBCH 94, BBCH95), and male full flowering (BBCH 65) clearly identifiable in these species. The present investigation identifies the best phenological models for the main phenophases allowing their practical application as real-time monitoring and plant development prediction tools. Sigmoid model revealed high performances in simulating spring vegetative phases, BBCH11 (First leaves unfolded), and BBCH91 (Shoot and foliage growth completed). Salix acutifolia Willd. development appeared to be more related to temperature amount interpreted by phenological models in comparison to Salix smithiana Willd. above all during spring (BBCH11 and 91), probably due to a different grade of phenotypic plasticity between the 2 considered species.
MeSH term(s)	Altitude ; Climate Change ; Environmental Monitoring ; Italy ; Salix ; Seasons ; Temperature
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-30
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-020-08702-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Preventive Conservation of Cultural Heritage: Biodeteriogens Control by Aerobiological Monitoring.

Ruga, Luigia / Orlandi, Fabio / Fornaciari, Marco

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2019 Volume 19, Issue 17

Abstract: Artefact conditions need to be continuously monitored to avoid degradation effects naturally caused by time and public exploitation in order to increase the value of cultural assets. In this way, the atmospheric analysis of both biological and chemical ... ...

Abstract	Artefact conditions need to be continuously monitored to avoid degradation effects naturally caused by time and public exploitation in order to increase the value of cultural assets. In this way, the atmospheric analysis of both biological and chemical pollutants potentially present inside conservation environments represents valid support for the adoption of preventive conservation actions by evaluating periodically the presence of risk for the same artefacts. The aim of the present study was to analyze the fungal particles, potentially biodeteriogen, through aerobiological volumetric monitoring, particularly inside valuable historical, artistic, and cultural sites. Different exposition and conservation typologies of the artefacts with different flows of visitors were considered. The applied methodologies have furnished a reliable description of biological air pollution due to the presence of fungal spores-moreover, they have allowed for the prevention of risk situations and the measurement of their evolution in order to limit degradation processes. Through aerobiological monitoring, it was possible to provide important indications for interventions of prevention, conservation and restoration of cultural heritage in indoor environments.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/isolation & purification ; Air Pollution/prevention & control ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Fungi/growth & development ; Humans ; Spores, Fungal/growth & development
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s19173647
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Aerobiology applied to the preventive conservation of cultural heritage

Caneva, Giulia / De Nuntiis, Paola / Fornaciari, Marco / Ruga, Luigia / Valenti, Paola / Pasquariello, Giovanna

Aerobiologia. 2020 Mar., v. 36, no. 1

2020

Abstract: This work aims to provide an historical overview on aerobiology applied to the preventive conservation of cultural heritage. Bioaerosol represents a potential risk to cultural artifacts since in favorable nutritional and microclimatic conditions the ... ...

Abstract	This work aims to provide an historical overview on aerobiology applied to the preventive conservation of cultural heritage. Bioaerosol represents a potential risk to cultural artifacts since in favorable nutritional and microclimatic conditions the settled biological particulate matter can develop and grow, thus triggering the biodeterioration. Aerobiology has become an important discipline for developing prevention and control strategies for the biological deterioration of cultural heritage. The most used equipment and methods for sampling in both indoor and outdoor environments (passive-sedimentation plates and active impactor for air, contact plates and membranes for surfaces) will be described. The aerobiological monitoring, always combined with microclimatic monitoring, along with information on the artifact and its conservation status, allows to defining situations of potential biologic risk. All the information and data gathered create the baseline for setting up management protocols, defining tailored corrective strategies aimed at preventing damage to cultural heritage and reducing risks to the health of operators and users. New perspectives for this discipline could arise thanks to (a) the development of user-friendly technologies and instrumentations for aerobiological monitoring and sampling of surfaces; (b) the definition of threshold levels of biological risk to the different types of cultural heritage; (c) the creation of a card of “biodeterioration risk” (international database).
Keywords	aerobiology ; air ; bioaerosols ; biodegradation ; conservation status ; cultural heritage ; databases ; equipment ; exposure assessment ; microclimate ; monitoring ; particulates ; protocols
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-03
Size	p. 99-103.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1499126-3
ISSN	1573-3025 ; 0393-5965
ISSN (online)	1573-3025
ISSN	0393-5965
DOI	10.1007/s10453-019-09589-9
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Meteorological Influences on Pheno–Morpho–Yield Data of Grain Sorghum Varieties in Central Italy

Orlandi, Fabio / Bonofiglio, Tommaso / Ruga, Luigia / Fornaciari, Marco

Agronomy journal. 2017 Sept., v. 109, no. 5

2017

Abstract: CORE IDEAS: Solar radiation was the first greatest forcing variable for the sorghum flowering. Water table during summer and past fruit setting represented a limiting factor. Sorghum morphological development was deeply influenced by precipitation. ... ...

Abstract	CORE IDEAS: Solar radiation was the first greatest forcing variable for the sorghum flowering. Water table during summer and past fruit setting represented a limiting factor. Sorghum morphological development was deeply influenced by precipitation. Medium and long season sorghum varieties showed a yield homogeneity. Brenus and Marcus varieties manifested low relationships with water soil and good yield performance. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is widely grown in many arid and semiarid areas of the world due to its ability to yield well under rainfed or water‐limited conditions. In the present study some sorghum varieties (medium‐long season) have been studied in relationship with the principal meteorological variables considering also the drought effect in a favorable groundwater situation. The phenological adaptation, morphological and productive features during 11 yr of investigations from 2005 to 2015 in central Italy were evaluated. In the study area the soil water availability from emergence to flowering was high for all the varieties development considering that no significant phenological differences were evidenced also after flowering between the groups of sorghum cultivars. The plant vegetative development and in particular the flag leaf height was influenced by the low precipitation volumes recorded during 2007 and 2015 spring periods such as plant height particularly affected by extremely low rain volumes from May to July during the last study year. Moreover, seed numbers may be reduced if drought stress occurs immediately after seed set as a result of embryo abortion and the quite absent precipitations during summer 2007 (above all during August when average sorghum flowering is recorded) resulted in a reduction of kernel weight for almost all the varieties. The highest groundwater depth (conditioned by low precipitation volumes) recorded during 2015 determined a high water stress that may have influenced above all panicle size and consequently the number of seeds per panicle.
Keywords	Sorghum bicolor ; agronomy ; cultivars ; drought ; fruits ; grain sorghum ; groundwater ; leaves ; panicles ; phenology ; plant available water ; plant height ; rain ; seed set ; solar radiation ; spring ; summer ; water stress ; water table ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-09
Size	p. 2182-2189.
Publishing place	The American Society of Agronomy, Inc.
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE ; epub
ZDB-ID	410332-4
ISSN	1435-0645 ; 0002-1962
ISSN (online)	1435-0645
ISSN	0002-1962
DOI	10.2134/agronj2016.10.0570
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Estimation of Chilling and Heat Accumulation Periods Based on the Timing of Olive Pollination

Rojo, Jesús / Orlandi, Fabio / Ben Dhiab, Ali / Lara, Beatriz / Picornell, Antonio / Oteros, Jose / Msallem, Monji / Fornaciari, Marco / Pérez-Badia, Rosa

Forests. 2020 Aug. 01, v. 11, no. 8

2020

Abstract: Research Highlights: This paper compares the thermal requirements in three different olive-growing areas in the Mediterranean region (Toledo, central Spain; Lecce, southeastern Italy; Chaal, central Tunisia). A statistical method using a partial least ... ...

Abstract	Research Highlights: This paper compares the thermal requirements in three different olive-growing areas in the Mediterranean region (Toledo, central Spain; Lecce, southeastern Italy; Chaal, central Tunisia). A statistical method using a partial least square regression for daily temperatures has been applied to study the chilling and heat requirements over a continuous period. Background and Objectives: The olive is one of the main causes of pollen allergy for the population of Mediterranean cities. The physiological processes of the reproductive cycle that governs pollen emission are associated with temperature, and thermal requirements strongly regulate the different phases of the plant’s life cycle. However, the point when several specific processes occur—Such as the phases within the dormancy period—Is unclear, and the transition between endodormancy and ecodormancy is not easily distinguishable from an empirical point of view. This work focuses on defining the thermal accumulation periods related to the temperature balance needed to meet the chilling and heat requirements for the metabolic activation and budbreak in olive trees. Results and Conclusions: Thermal accumulation patterns in olive trees are strongly associated with the bioclimatic conditions of olive-growing areas, and the olive flowering start dates showed significant differences between the three studied stations. Our results show that the chilling requirements were fulfilled between late autumn and early winter, although the chilling accumulation period was more evident in the coldest and most continental bioclimatic areas (central Spain). The heat accumulation period (forcing period) was clearly defined and showed a close relationship with the timing of olive flowering. Heat requirements were therefore used to generate accurate forecasting models to predict the beginning of the olive bloom and subsequent olive pollen emission. A forecasting model considering both the chilling and heat requirements was generated in Toledo, where the estimated days displayed an error of 2.0 ± 1.8 days from the observed dates. For Lecce, the error was 2.7 ± 2.5 days and for Chaal, 4.2 ± 2.4 days.
Keywords	Olea europaea ; autumn ; budbreak ; cities ; cold treatment ; dormancy ; flowering ; hay fever ; heat ; least squares ; models ; olives ; pollen ; pollination ; temperature ; winter ; Italy ; Mediterranean region ; Spain ; Tunisia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0801
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f11080835
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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