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Article: Oral disease is linked to low nestling condition and brood size in a raptor species living in a highly modified environment.

Blanco, Guillermo / Frías, Óscar / Pitarch, Aida / Carrete, Martina

2022 Volume 69, Issue 2, Page(s) 109–120

Abstract: Anthropogenic stressors can favor the occurrence of noninfectious disease that can be worsened by the impact of opportunistic pathogens, making the epizootiology of environmental diseases difficult to unravel. The incidence and impact of oral lesions in ... ...

Abstract	Anthropogenic stressors can favor the occurrence of noninfectious disease that can be worsened by the impact of opportunistic pathogens, making the epizootiology of environmental diseases difficult to unravel. The incidence and impact of oral lesions in nestlings of a facultative scavenger species, the black kite
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2628880-1
ISSN	1674-5507
ISSN	1674-5507
DOI	10.1093/cz/zoac025
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Adaptive phenotypic and genomic divergence in the common chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) following niche expansion within a small oceanic island

Recuerda, María / Palacios, Mercè / Frías, Oscar / Hobson, Keith / Nabholz, Benoit / Blanco, Guillermo / Milá, Borja

Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 2023 Sept., v. 36, no. 9 p.1226-1241

2023

Abstract: According to models of ecological speciation, adaptation to adjacent, contrasting habitat types can lead to population divergence given strong enough environment‐driven selection to counteract the homogenizing effect of gene flow. We tested this ... ...

Abstract	According to models of ecological speciation, adaptation to adjacent, contrasting habitat types can lead to population divergence given strong enough environment‐driven selection to counteract the homogenizing effect of gene flow. We tested this hypothesis in the common chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) on the small island of La Palma, Canary Islands, where it occupies two markedly different habitats. Isotopic (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N) analysis of feathers indicated that birds in the two habitats differed in ecosystem and/or diet, and analysis of phenotypic traits revealed significant differences in morphology and plumage colouration that are consistent with ecomorphological and ecogeographical predictions respectively. A genome‐wide survey of single‐nucleotide polymorphism revealed marked neutral structure that was consistent with geography and isolation by distance, suggesting low dispersal. In contrast, loci putatively under selection identified through genome‐wide association and genotype‐environment association analyses, revealed amarked adaptive divergence between birds in both habitats. Loci associated with phenotypic and environmental differences among habitats were distributed across the genome, as expected for polygenic traits involved in local adaptation. Our results suggest a strong role for habitat‐driven local adaptation in population divergence in the chaffinches of La Palma, a process that appears to be facilitated by a strong reduction in effective dispersal distances despite the birds' high dispersal capacity.
Keywords	Fringilla coelebs ; adaptive radiation ; color ; diet ; ecosystems ; gene flow ; genome ; genomics ; genotype-environment interaction ; geography ; habitats ; phenotype ; plumage ; single nucleotide polymorphism ; surveys
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-09
Size	p. 1226-1241.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1465318-7
ISSN	1420-9101 ; 1010-061X
ISSN (online)	1420-9101
ISSN	1010-061X
DOI	10.1111/jeb.14200
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Adaptive phenotypic and genomic divergence in the common chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) following niche expansion within a small oceanic island.

Recuerda, María / Palacios, Mercè / Frías, Oscar / Hobson, Keith / Nabholz, Benoit / Blanco, Guillermo / Milá, Borja

Journal of evolutionary biology

2023 Volume 36, Issue 9, Page(s) 1226–1241

Abstract: According to models of ecological speciation, adaptation to adjacent, contrasting habitat types can lead to population divergence given strong enough environment-driven selection to counteract the homogenizing effect of gene flow. We tested this ... ...

Abstract	According to models of ecological speciation, adaptation to adjacent, contrasting habitat types can lead to population divergence given strong enough environment-driven selection to counteract the homogenizing effect of gene flow. We tested this hypothesis in the common chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) on the small island of La Palma, Canary Islands, where it occupies two markedly different habitats. Isotopic (δ
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Genetics, Population ; Ecosystem ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Finches ; Gene Flow ; Genomics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1465318-7
ISSN	1420-9101 ; 1010-061X
ISSN (online)	1420-9101
ISSN	1010-061X
DOI	10.1111/jeb.14200
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Article: Domestic Waste and Wastewaters as Potential Sources of Pharmaceuticals in Nestling White Storks (

Blanco, Guillermo / Gómez-Ramírez, Pilar / Espín, Silvia / Sánchez-Virosta, Pablo / Frías, Óscar / García-Fernández, Antonio J

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 12, Issue 3

Abstract: Information on the exposure of wild birds to pharmaceuticals from wastewater and urban refuse is scarce despite the enormous amount of drugs consumed and discarded by human populations. We tested for the presence of a battery of antibiotics, NSAIDs, and ... ...

Abstract	Information on the exposure of wild birds to pharmaceuticals from wastewater and urban refuse is scarce despite the enormous amount of drugs consumed and discarded by human populations. We tested for the presence of a battery of antibiotics, NSAIDs, and analgesics in the blood of white stork (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2681345-2
ISSN	2079-6382
ISSN	2079-6382
DOI	10.3390/antibiotics12030520
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A long-lasting, distant journey of a male griffon vulture informs on the success of differential parental investment.

Martínez, Félix / Oltra, Juan / Frías, Óscar / González Del Barrio, José L / Pérez-García, Juan M / Carrete, Martina / Blanco, Guillermo

Ecology

2023 Volume 105, Issue 2, Page(s) e4226

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Male ; Birds ; Falconiformes
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2010140-5
ISSN	1939-9170 ; 0012-9658
ISSN (online)	1939-9170
ISSN	0012-9658
DOI	10.1002/ecy.4226
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Article: Livestock farming practices modulate vulture diet-disease interactions

Blanco, Guillermo / Arrondo, Eneko / Cortés-Avizanda, Ainara / Donázar, José A / Frías, Óscar

Global ecology and conservation. 2019 Jan., v. 17

2019

Abstract: Low- and high-intensity farming exert different direct and indirect effects on vulture populations by driving the availability, exploitation and characteristics of carrion. This is especially true for the levels of pharmaceuticals in wild and domestic ... ...

Abstract	Low- and high-intensity farming exert different direct and indirect effects on vulture populations by driving the availability, exploitation and characteristics of carrion. This is especially true for the levels of pharmaceuticals in wild and domestic animal carcasses. However, the impact of farming systems on the diet-related health of avian scavengers remains unclear. Here, we evaluate diet and disease signs in nestlings of three European species of vultures (Cinereous, Aegypius monachus, Griffon, Gyps fulvus, and Egyptian, Neophron percnopterus), living in different regions of Spain under contrasting farming schemes. We test the hypothesis that disease (oral mucosal lesions caused by mixed fungal and bacterial infections) in vultures is influenced by features of food and foraging conditions derived from farming systems, especially due to the expected chronic and irregular ingestion of pharmaceuticals under intensive (factory farms) compared to extensive systems. A large proportion of nestlings of the three vulture species in central Spain (high-intensity farming area) continue to be affected by oral lesions (cinereous: 75%, n = 16; griffon: 61%, n = 28; Egyptian: 46%, n = 13). The same type of lesions, at a much lower frequency, was found in nestling of the three vulture species in each of the selected areas corresponding to low-intensity farming areas in southern and northern Spain (Cinereous: 39%, n = 13; Griffon: 7%, n = 14; Egyptian: 6%, n = 17). As predicted, a positive relationship was found between the proportion of nestlings with lesions and the frequency of intensive livestock from factory farms (swine and poultry) in the diet. The intensive medication in factory farms deserves further research to assess its implications in vulture diet-disease interactions at large geographical scales. Assessing the presence of oral lesions as an indicator of physiological alterations is encouraged along with pharmacovigilance in surveillance programs aimed at evaluating the direct and indirect effects of livestock farming practices on vulture health. Given the increasing exploitation of domestic instead of wild animals by vultures, the growth in high-intensity farming and the medication practices in free-ranging and semi-extensive farming systems, this assessment would help to characterize the risks associated with different farming operations for wildlife. This evaluation is crucial to avoid exacerbating the detrimental consequences of supplementary feeding programs contrary to their primary aim of the conservation of endangered species.
Keywords	Aegypius monachus ; bacterial infections ; dead animals ; diet ; drug therapy ; drugs ; endangered species ; farm area ; food and nutrition programs ; foraging ; fungi ; Gyps fulvus ; ingestion ; livestock farming ; monitoring ; Neophron percnopterus ; nestlings ; poultry ; risk ; swine ; vultures ; wild animals ; wildlife ; Spain
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-01
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2814786-8
ISSN	2351-9894
ISSN	2351-9894
DOI	10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00518
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: A shot in the dark: Sport hunting of declining corvids promotes the inadvertent shooting of threatened red-billed choughs

Blanco, Guillermo / Cuevas, Jesús A / Frías, Óscar / González del Barrio, José L

Journal for nature conservation. 2019 Dec., v. 52

2019

Abstract: Inadvertent shooting of protected species due to misidentification or spatio-temporal coincidence with more abundant target species of similar appearance and habits is a frequent side-effect of sport hunting. Protected corvid species of special ... ...

Abstract	Inadvertent shooting of protected species due to misidentification or spatio-temporal coincidence with more abundant target species of similar appearance and habits is a frequent side-effect of sport hunting. Protected corvid species of special conservation concern were present in all Spanish Autonomous regions where hunting of corvids of similar appearance and habits is legally permitted.We assessed the extent to which Western jackdaws (Corvus monedula) and Red-billed choughs (Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax) shared distributions in central Spain, and whether this can cause mortality and temporary and permanent crippling of threatened and strictly protected choughs. About 1000–3000 ‘black corvids’ were annually hunted in the Madrid region without species-specific identification according to official statistics. Assuming that these corvids were mostly jackdaws, this accounted for about 5–20% of the total estimated winter population of this declining species. Jackdaws and choughs shared local distribution ranges and their abundances were spatially correlated during winter. The abundance of jackdaws was positively correlated with the estimates of killed black corvids (including jackdaws and Carrion crows, Corvus corone, which were not identified to species in hunting statistics). As with jackdaws, hunting was the main cause of mortality of choughs. The impact of hunting on non-target choughs can be strong—even live individuals can be temporarily affected by damage to flight feathers or other wounds, and birds can be crippled for life when shooting affects the bill or other body parts. To date, there is no framework for informed decision-making in game management or any published evidence-based or standardized criteria supported by scientific research aimed to establish a hunting status or quotas for corvids and many other common bird species in Spain. This combination of subjectivity and a lack of information makes it near impossible to establish a harvesting scheme without putting at risk the populations of target and non-target species. Given the strong decline of currently hunted corvids in Spain (especially the jackdaw), the complete prohibition of hunting these species is urgently encouraged to attempt to avoid exacerbating the collapse of their populations and that of non-target species.
Keywords	adverse effects ; birds ; Corvus corone ; Corvus monedula ; decision making ; feathers ; harvesting ; mortality ; nontarget organisms ; protected species ; Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax ; risk ; sport hunting ; threatened species ; winter ; Spain
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-12
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2077553-2
ISSN	1618-1093 ; 1617-1381
ISSN (online)	1618-1093
ISSN	1617-1381
DOI	10.1016/j.jnc.2019.125739
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Insularity determines nestling sex ratio variation in Egyptian vulture populations.

Gómez-López, Guillermo / Sanz-Aguilar, Ana / Carrete, Martina / Arrondo, Eneko / Benítez, José Ramón / Ceballos, Olga / Cortés-Avizanda, Ainara / de Pablo, Félix / Donázar, José Antonio / Frías, Óscar / Gangoso, Laura / García-Alfonso, Marina / González, José Luis / Grande, Juan Manuel / Serrano, David / Tella, José Luis / Blanco, Guillermo

Ecology and evolution

2023 Volume 13, Issue 8, Page(s) e10371

Abstract: Variation in offspring sex ratio, particularly in birds, has been frequently studied over the last century, although seldom using long-term monitoring data. In raptors, the cost of raising males and females is not equal, and several variables have been ... ...

Abstract	Variation in offspring sex ratio, particularly in birds, has been frequently studied over the last century, although seldom using long-term monitoring data. In raptors, the cost of raising males and females is not equal, and several variables have been found to have significant effects on sex ratio, including food availability, parental age, and hatching order. Sex ratio differences between island populations and their mainland counterparts have been poorly documented, despite broad scientific literature on the island syndrome reporting substantial differences in population demography and ecology. Here, we assessed individual and environmental factors potentially affecting the secondary sex ratio of the long-lived Egyptian vulture
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2635675-2
ISSN	2045-7758
ISSN	2045-7758
DOI	10.1002/ece3.10371
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Article ; Online: Influence of habitat suitability and sex-related detectability on density and population size estimates of habitat-specialist warblers.

Frías, Óscar / Bautista, Luis M / Dénes, Francisco V / Cuevas, Jesús A / Martínez, Félix / Blanco, Guillermo

PloS one

2018 Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) e0201482

Abstract: Knowledge about the population size and trends of common bird species is crucial for setting conservation priorities and management actions. Multi-species large-scale monitoring schemes have often provided such estimates relying on extrapolation of ... ...

Abstract	Knowledge about the population size and trends of common bird species is crucial for setting conservation priorities and management actions. Multi-species large-scale monitoring schemes have often provided such estimates relying on extrapolation of relative abundances in particular habitats to large-scale areas. Here we show an alternative to inference-rich predictive models, proposing methods to deal with caveats of population size estimations in habitat-specialist species, reed warblers (Acrocephalus scirpaceus and Acrocephalus arundinaceus). Reed warblers were only found in pure reedbeds within riparian woodlands or in riparian vegetation scattered within or around reedbed patches, as expected according to their habitat specialization. The proportion of individuals located in reedbed associated with lotic and lentic waters differed between species, and no reed warbler was recorded in reedbed located along dry streams. This indicates that microhabitat features or their effects on reedbed structure and other factors made a proportion of the apparently available habitat unsuitable for both warbler species. Most warblers detected were males performing territorial singing (females seldom sing and do not perform elaborate territorial song, and are undistinguishable from males by plumage). The regional population sizes of the warbler species (~4000 individuals of A. scirpaceus and ~ 1000 individuals of A. arundinaceus) were much smaller than those estimated for the same area by transforming relative abundance obtained at a national scale to population size through extrapolation by habitat at a regional scale. These results highlight the importance of considering the habitat actually used and its suitability, the manner of sex-related detection, population sex-ratio and their interactions in population estimates. Ideally, the value of predictive methods to estimate population size of common species should be tested before conducting large-scale monitoring, rather than a posteriori. Although logistically challenging, this can be achieved by designing monitoring programs including an intensive sampling of abundance in ad hoc reference areas of variable size.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ecosystem ; Female ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Population Dynamics ; Songbirds/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0201482
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Article: Integrating population connectivity into pollution assessment: Overwintering mixing reveals flame retardant contamination in breeding areas in a migratory raptor

Blanco, Guillermo / Sergio, Fabrizio / Frías, Óscar / Salinas, Pablo / Tanferna, Alessandro / Hiraldo, Fernando / Barceló, Damià / Eljarrat, Ethel

Environmental research. 2018 Oct., v. 166

2018

Abstract: Determining the exposure and magnitude at which various pollutants are differentially assimilated at the breeding and non-breeding grounds of migratory wildlife is challenging. Here, the possibility of applying the migratory connectivity framework to ... ...

Abstract	Determining the exposure and magnitude at which various pollutants are differentially assimilated at the breeding and non-breeding grounds of migratory wildlife is challenging. Here, the possibility of applying the migratory connectivity framework to understanding contamination in birds is illustrated by considering flame retardants in inviable eggs of a migratory raptor, the black kite (Milvus migrans). The occurrence and concentration of legacy and emerging compounds in eggs from the southeastern peri-urban area of Madrid city, central Spain, were compared with those from Doñana National Park in southern Spain. A much higher occurrence and concentration of multiple polybrominated diphenyl ethers and Dechlorane 602 were found in Madrid than Doñana, but the opposite patterns were found for Dechlorane Plus. Individuals from these and other breeding areas in western Europe showed a strong intermixing pattern over widespread wintering areas in Africa, as assessed by ringing recoveries and movements tracked by satellite devices. This diffuse migratory connectivity reveals breeding areas as the main contamination grounds. High contamination burdens sequestered in eggs point to rapid assimilation of these compounds before laying, associated with important emission sources in Madrid, especially landfills of partially incinerated urban refuse, and other anthropogenic operations. Diet composition regarding aquatic vs. terrestrial prey, and bioaccumulation and biomagnification processes are suggested to explain differential assimilation of some compounds, especially Dechlorane Plus in Doñana, although a local emission source polluting this area cannot be ruled out. Insight from the migratory connectivity framework can help to disentangle large-scale patterns of contaminant uptake and refocus attention on key regions and potential causes of chemical hazards in declining migratory species and human populations.
Keywords	Milvus migrans ; bioaccumulation ; birds ; breeding ; breeding sites ; chemical hazards ; diet ; eggs ; flame retardants ; human population ; landfills ; migratory connectivity ; migratory species ; mixing ; municipal solid waste ; national parks ; overwintering ; pollutants ; pollution ; polybrominated diphenyl ethers ; satellites ; wildlife ; wintering grounds ; Africa ; Spain ; Western European region
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-10
Size	p. 553-561.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	205699-9
ISSN	1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
ISSN (online)	1096-0953
ISSN	0013-9351
DOI	10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.037
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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