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Article ; Online: Effects of Multimodal Physical and Cognitive Fitness Training on Sustaining Mental Health and Job Readiness in a Military Cohort

Paul Taylor / Frederick Rohan Walker / Andrew Heathcote / Eugene Aidman

Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 9016, p

2023 Volume 9016

Abstract: Drawing on the emerging area of workplace sustainability, this study sought to measure the effects of multimodal physical and cognitive fitness training on sustaining mental health and job readiness via impacts on subjective burnout, mental wellbeing, ... ...

Abstract	Drawing on the emerging area of workplace sustainability, this study sought to measure the effects of multimodal physical and cognitive fitness training on sustaining mental health and job readiness via impacts on subjective burnout, mental wellbeing, and resilience in a military cohort. Volunteer participants were block randomised into either a standard 4-week resilient mind program (RMP) intervention or an RMP combined with self-paced functional imagery practice (RMP+FI). Self-reported burnout, mental wellbeing, and resilience were measured at baseline and at the end of the 4-week intervention using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and the World Health Organization’s WHO-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5), respectively. A total of 78 participants were enrolled in the study and 72 (92%) completed the program. Repeated measures ANOVAs showed significant effects of the RMP intervention, with both the RMP and RMP+FI groups reporting improved resilience (F(1, 70) = 13.08, p < 0.001, partial ω 2 = 0.00086) and mental wellbeing (F(1, 70) = 41.86, p < 0.001, partial ω 2 = 0.36). Both groups also reported improved burnout markers for professional efficacy (F(1, 70) = 6.25, p < 0.002, partial ω 2 = 0.02), as well as reduced emotional exhaustion (F(1, 70) = 31.84, p < 0.001, partial ω 2 = 0.02) and job cynicism (F(1, 70) = 8.80, p < 0.005, partial ω 2 = 0.005). The FI practice produced no significant improvement in the RMP-only condition. Our results support the efficacy of RMP intervention in reducing burnout symptoms and improving self-reported mental wellbeing and resilience in a cohort of serving Navy aviators.
Keywords	mental health ; sustainability ; resilience ; wellbeing ; psychology ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of a Virtual Reality Platform to Train Stress Management Skills for a Defense Workforce

Murielle G Kluge / Steven Maltby / Caroline Kuhne / Nicole Walker / Neanne Bennett / Eugene Aidman / Eugene Nalivaiko / Frederick Rohan Walker

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Vol 25, p e

Multisite, Mixed Methods Feasibility Study

2023 Volume 46368

Abstract: BackgroundPsychological stress-related injuries within first-responder organizations have created a need for the implementation of effective stress management training. Most stress management training solutions have limitations associated with scaled ... ...

Abstract	BackgroundPsychological stress-related injuries within first-responder organizations have created a need for the implementation of effective stress management training. Most stress management training solutions have limitations associated with scaled adoption within the workforce. For instance, those that are effective in civilian populations often do not align with the human performance culture embedded within first-responder organizations. Programs involving expert-led instructions that are high in quality are often expensive. ObjectiveThis study sought to evaluate a tailored stress management training platform within the existing training schedule of the Australian Defense Force (ADF). The platform, known as Performance Edge (PE), is a novel virtual reality (VR) and biofeedback-enabled stress management skills training platform. Focusing on practical training of well-established skills and strategies, the platform was designed to take advantage of VR technology to generate an immersive and private training environment. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of delivering the VR platform within the existing group-based training context and intended training population. In this setting, the study further aimed to collect data on critical predictors of user acceptance and technology adoption in education, including perceived usability, usefulness, and engagement, while also assessing training impacts. MethodsThis study used a mixed methods, multisite approach to collect observational, self-reported, and biometric data from both training staff and trainers within a real-world “on-base” training context in the ADF. Validated scales include the Presence Questionnaire and User Engagement Scale for perceived usefulness, usability, and engagement, as well as the State Mindfulness Scale and Relaxation Inventory, to gain insights into immediate training impacts for specific training modules. Additional surveys were specifically developed to assess implementation feedback, intention to use skills, and perceived ...
Keywords	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	JMIR Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Is Stroke a Neurodegenerative Condition? A Critical Review of Secondary Neurodegeneration and Amyloid-beta Accumulation after Stroke

Lin Kooi Ong / Frederick Rohan Walker / Michael Nilsson

AIMS Medical Science, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2017 Volume 16

Abstract: Stroke-induced secondary neurodegeneration (SND) refers to the progressive and inexorable loss of tissues at sites connected to area damaged by the initial infarction. SND has been consistently observed to occur in humans and rodents after stroke. ... ...

Abstract	Stroke-induced secondary neurodegeneration (SND) refers to the progressive and inexorable loss of tissues at sites connected to area damaged by the initial infarction. SND has been consistently observed to occur in humans and rodents after stroke. Intriguingly, stroke-induced SND shares a number of striking similarities to other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, most notably with respect to the significant accumulation of the neurotoxic protein amyloid-β. Together, this observation and others (progressive neuronal loss and neuroinflammation) suggest the possibility that stroke may induce a neurodegenerative condition . Certainly, this is supported to some degree by the relatively high incidence of dementia after stroke. We begin this review by addressing the available research on human and rodent SND pathology after stroke. We next consider amyloid-β in the context of SND. We discuss what amyloid-β is, how is it made, and introduce some caveats on how amyloid-β measurements should be interpreted. In summary, we conclude that there is now robust pre-clinical evidence demonstrating the presence of amyloid disturbances at sites of SND after stroke. We find, however, that the human literature on the topic is more limited and further work is warranted. While the understanding of amyloid disturbances remains inconclusive in human studies, stroke clearly lead to the development of a neurodegenerative-like condition at the sites of SND, with prominent features such as death of neurons and gliosis.
Keywords	Amyloid-beta ; aggregation ; secondary neurodegeneration ; stroke ; thalamus ; Pittsburgh compound B ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	American Institute of Mathematical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Development of a modular stress management platform (Performance Edge VR) and a pilot efficacy trial of a bio-feedback enhanced training module for controlled breathing.

Murielle G Kluge / Steven Maltby / Nicole Walker / Neanne Bennett / Eugene Aidman / Eugene Nalivaiko / Frederick Rohan Walker

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 2, p e

2021 Volume 0245068

Abstract: This paper describes the conceptual design of a virtual reality-based stress management training tool and evaluation of the initial prototype in a pilot efficacy study. Performance Edge virtual-reality (VR) was co-developed with the Australian Defence ... ...

Abstract	This paper describes the conceptual design of a virtual reality-based stress management training tool and evaluation of the initial prototype in a pilot efficacy study. Performance Edge virtual-reality (VR) was co-developed with the Australian Defence Force (ADF) to address the need for practical stress management training for ADF personnel. The VR application is biofeedback-enabled and contains key stress management techniques derived from acceptance and commitment and cognitive behavioural therapy in a modular framework. End-user-provided feedback on usability, design, and user experience was positive, and particularly complimentary of the respiratory biofeedback functionality. Training of controlled breathing delivered across 3 sessions increased participants' self-reported use of breath control in everyday life and progressively improved controlled breathing skills (objectively assessed as a reduction in breathing rate and variability). Thus the data show that a biofeedback-enabled controlled breathing protocol delivered through Performance Edge VR can produce both behaviour change and objective improvement in breathing metrics. These results confirm the validity of Performance Edge VR platform, and its Controlled Breathing module, as a novel approach to tailoring VR-based applications to train stress management skills in a workplace setting.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	670
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: TACTICS VR Stroke Telehealth Virtual Reality Training for Health Care Professionals Involved in Stroke Management at Telestroke Spoke Hospitals

Steven Maltby / Carlos Garcia-Esperon / Kate Jackson / Ken Butcher / James W Evans / William O'Brien / Courtney Dixon / Skye Russell / Natalie Wilson / Murielle G Kluge / Annika Ryan / Christine L Paul / Neil J Spratt / Christopher R Levi / Frederick Rohan Walker

JMIR Serious Games, Vol 11, p e

Module Design and Implementation Study

2023 Volume 43416

Abstract: BackgroundStroke management in rural areas is more variable and there is less access to reperfusion therapies, when compared with metropolitan areas. Delays in treatment contribute to worse patient outcomes. To improve stroke management in rural areas, ... ...

Abstract	BackgroundStroke management in rural areas is more variable and there is less access to reperfusion therapies, when compared with metropolitan areas. Delays in treatment contribute to worse patient outcomes. To improve stroke management in rural areas, health districts are implementing telestroke networks. The New South Wales Telestroke Service provides neurologist-led telehealth to 23 rural spoke hospitals aiming to improve treatment delivery and patient outcomes. The training of clinical staff was identified as a critical aspect for the successful implementation of this service. Virtual reality (VR) training has not previously been used in this context. ObjectiveWe sought to develop an evidence-based VR training module specifically tailored for stroke telehealth. During implementation, we aimed to assess the feasibility of workplace deployment and collected feedback from spoke hospital staff involved in stroke management on training acceptability and usability as well as perceived training impact. MethodsThe TACTICS VR Stroke Telehealth application was developed with subject matter experts. During implementation, both quantitative and qualitative data were documented, including VR use and survey feedback. VR hardware was deployed to 23 rural hospitals, and use data were captured via automated Wi-Fi transfer. At 7 hospitals in a single local health district, staff using TACTICS VR were invited to complete surveys before and after training. ResultsTACTICS VR Stroke Telehealth was deployed to rural New South Wales hospitals starting on April 14, 2021. Through August 20, 2023, a total of 177 VR sessions were completed. Survey respondents (n=20) indicated a high level of acceptability, usability, and perceived training impact (eg, accuracy and knowledge transfer; mean scores 3.8-4.4; 5=strongly agree). Furthermore, respondents agreed that TACTICS VR increased confidence (13/18, 72%), improved understanding (16/18, 89%), and improved awareness (17/18, 94%) regarding stroke telehealth. A comparison of matched pre- ...
Keywords	Information technology ; T58.5-58.64 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	380
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	JMIR Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: An altered glial phenotype in the NL3R451C mouse model of autism

Samantha M. Matta / Zachery Moore / Frederick Rohan Walker / Elisa L. Hill-Yardin / Peter J. Crack

Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 13

Abstract: Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD; autism) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by deficits in social communication, and restricted and/or repetitive behaviours. While the precise pathophysiologies are unclear, increasing evidence supports ...

Abstract	Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD; autism) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by deficits in social communication, and restricted and/or repetitive behaviours. While the precise pathophysiologies are unclear, increasing evidence supports a role for dysregulated neuroinflammation in the brain with potential effects on synapse function. Here, we studied characteristics of microglia and astrocytes in the Neuroligin-3 (NL3R451C) mouse model of autism since these cell types are involved in regulating both immune and synapse function. We observed increased microglial density in the dentate gyrus (DG) of NL3R451C mice without morphological differences. In contrast, WT and NL3R451C mice had similar astrocyte density but astrocyte branch length, the number of branch points, as well as cell radius and area were reduced in the DG of NL3R451C mice. Because retraction of astrocytic processes has been linked to altered synaptic transmission and dendrite formation, we assessed for regional changes in pre- and postsynaptic protein expression in the cortex, striatum and cerebellum in NL3R451C mice. NL3R451C mice showed increased striatal postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) protein levels and decreased cortical expression of synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25). These changes could contribute to dysregulated neurotransmission and cognition deficits previously reported in these mice.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	572
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Exploration of stress management interventions to address psychological stress in stroke survivors

Michael Nilsson / Prajwal Gyawali / Angela Smith / Madeleine Hinwood / Marina Ilicic / Murielle Gabriela Kluge / Kirsten Coupland / Frederick Rohan Walker

BMJ Open, Vol 10, Iss

a protocol for a scoping review

2020 Volume 3

Abstract: IntroductionSeveral studies have shown that stroke survivors report experiencing high and unremitting levels of stress, which can negatively affect brain repair processes and psychological outcomes and thereby compromise recovery. However, it is ... ...

Abstract	IntroductionSeveral studies have shown that stroke survivors report experiencing high and unremitting levels of stress, which can negatively affect brain repair processes and psychological outcomes and thereby compromise recovery. However, it is presently unclear which interventions have been trialled to manage stress in stroke survivors and whether they translate to clinically relevant outcomes. The aim of this scoping review will be to examine stress management interventions in stroke survivors in order to map the types of interventions trialled, commonly reported stress outcome measures and whether a reduction in stress contributes to reductions in relevant clinical outcomes.Methods and analysisThe methodological framework described in Arksey and O’Malley will be applied to this review. A draft search strategy was developed in collaboration with an experienced senior health research librarian. A systematic search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane library, PsycInfo and Clinicaltrials.gov as well as hand searching of reference lists and reviews will identify relevant studies for inclusion. To be eligible for inclusion, studies must report on the outcomes of an intervention targeting stress management and resilience in stroke survivors. Study selection and critical appraisal of selected studies will be carried out independently by two authors, with discrepancies resolved by consensus. Data will be charted using a standard extraction form. Results will be tabulated and narratively summarised to highlight findings relevant to our research questions and to inform recommendations for future research.Ethics and disseminationThis study does not require ethics approval. This scoping review will provide a synthesis of evidence for stress management interventions in stroke survivors. It will identify and clarify the gaps in stress research specific to stroke pathologies and highlight promising interventions for future research. Findings will be relevant to researchers and healthcare workers and will be disseminated ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	306
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Addressing Animal Welfare through Collaborative Stakeholder Networks

Jill Fernandes / Dominique Blache / Shane K. Maloney / Graeme B. Martin / Bronwyn Venus / Frederick Rohan Walker / Brian Head / Alan Tilbrook

Agriculture, Vol 9, Iss 6, p

2019 Volume 132

Abstract: In this review, we discuss animal welfare as a complex and contested issue facing society and outline why collaborative, multi-stakeholder approaches are critical for effective policy development. Using the lens of “wicked problems” and drawing upon ... ...

Abstract	In this review, we discuss animal welfare as a complex and contested issue facing society and outline why collaborative, multi-stakeholder approaches are critical for effective policy development. Using the lens of “wicked problems” and drawing upon governance literature on policy networks, we identify important factors for working with the inherent complexity of animal welfare through the inclusion of various stakeholder perspectives. We present two case studies that illustrate policy network approaches to animal welfare and highlight the value of fostering collaboration among various stakeholder groups from the industry, community, research, and government sectors. We suggest that the influence of stakeholder networks will likely increase in coming years as newer forms of participatory governance become common. By understanding how collaborative stakeholder networks establish participatory governance, productive communication, and collective priorities, leaders in the field of animal welfare can more productively engage with stakeholders and achieve long-lasting improvements in animal welfare.
Keywords	animal welfare ; collaboration ; stakeholder networks ; policy networks ; wicked problems ; participatory governance ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: What do stroke survivors’ value about participating in research and what are the most important research problems related to stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)? A survey

Ishanka Weerasekara / Jasmine Baye / Meredith Burke / Gary Crowfoot / Gillian Mason / Rachael Peak / Dawn Simpson / Frederick Rohan Walker / Michael Nilsson / Michael Pollack / Coralie English

BMC Medical Research Methodology, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Background Recruitment to stroke clinical trials is challenging, but consumer registers can facilitate participation. Researchers need to understand the key factors that facilitate trial involvement and improve consumer partnerships to identify ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Recruitment to stroke clinical trials is challenging, but consumer registers can facilitate participation. Researchers need to understand the key factors that facilitate trial involvement and improve consumer partnerships to identify what research topics important to stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) survivors and their carers. We aimed to examine i) the experience of being involved in a stroke research register, and ii) the priorities for stroke research from the perspective of stroke survivors. Methods Online and paper-based surveys were sent directly to members of a stroke register and disseminated online. Multiple choice questions were reported as counts and percentages and open-ended questions were thematically analysed using Braun and Clarke’s 6-stage process. Results Of 445 survey respondents, 154 (38%) were a member of the Stroke Research Register. The most frequently reported reason for research participation was to help others in the future. Respondents reported they were less likely to take part in research if the research question was not relevant to them, if transport was an issue, or because they lacked time. The most important research problems reported were targeting specific impairments including recovery of movement, fatigue, and aphasia, improvement of mental health services, and increased support for carers. Conclusions Recruitment to trials may be improved by research registers if an inclusive research culture is fostered, in which consumers feel valued as members of a community, have direct and timely access to research findings and the opportunity to be meaningfully involved in research around the problems that consumers find most important.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Welfare of Animals in Australia

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol

2021 Volume 7

Abstract: We report on the various responses in Australia during 2020 to minimize negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the welfare of animals. Most organizations and individuals with animals under their care had emergency preparedness plans in place for ... ...

Abstract	We report on the various responses in Australia during 2020 to minimize negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the welfare of animals. Most organizations and individuals with animals under their care had emergency preparedness plans in place for various scenarios; however, the restrictions on human movement to contain the spread of COVID-19, coupled with the economic impact and the health effects of COVID-19 on the skilled workforce, constituted a new threat to animal welfare for which there was no blueprint. The spontaneous formation of a national, multisectoral response group on animal welfare, consisting of more than 34 organizations with animals under their care, facilitated information flow during the crisis, which helped to mitigate some of the shocks to different organizations and to ensure continuity of care for animals during the pandemic. We conclude that animal welfare is a shared responsibility, and accordingly, a multisectoral approach to animal welfare during a crisis is required. Our experience demonstrates that to safeguard animal welfare during crises, nations should consider the following: a national risk assessment, clear communication channels, contingency plans for animal welfare, a crisis response group, and support systems for animal care providers. Our findings and recommendations from the Australian context may inform other countries to ensure that animal welfare is not compromised during the course of unpredictable events.
Keywords	animal welfare ; COVID-19 pandemic ; cross-sectoral collaboration ; stakeholder networks ; Australia ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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