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  1. Article ; Online: Variability of arterial wall shear stress, its dependence on vessel diameter and implications for Murray's Law.

    Friedman, Morton H

    Atherosclerosis

    2008  Volume 203, Issue 1, Page(s) 47–48

    MeSH term(s) Arteries/diagnostic imaging ; Arteries/pathology ; Arteries/physiology ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Blood Flow Velocity/physiology ; Blood Vessels/pathology ; Carotid Arteries/pathology ; Endothelium, Vascular/anatomy & histology ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiology ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Pulsatile Flow/physiology ; Stress, Mechanical ; Ultrasonography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-07-12
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80061-2
    ISSN 1879-1484 ; 0021-9150
    ISSN (online) 1879-1484
    ISSN 0021-9150
    DOI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.07.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Adaptive response of vascular endothelial cells to an acute increase in shear stress frequency.

    Zhang, Ji / Friedman, Morton H

    American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology

    2013  Volume 305, Issue 6, Page(s) H894–902

    Abstract: Local shear stress sensed by arterial endothelial cells is occasionally altered by changes in global hemodynamic parameters, e.g., heart rate and blood flow rate, as a result of normal physiological events, such as exercise. In a recently study (41), we ... ...

    Abstract Local shear stress sensed by arterial endothelial cells is occasionally altered by changes in global hemodynamic parameters, e.g., heart rate and blood flow rate, as a result of normal physiological events, such as exercise. In a recently study (41), we demonstrated that during the adaptive response to increased shear magnitude, porcine endothelial cells exhibited an unique phenotype featuring a transient increase in permeability and the upregulation of a set of anti-inflammatory and antioxidative genes. In the present study, we characterize the adaptive response of these cells to an increase in shear frequency, another important hemodynamic parameter with implications in atherogenesis. Endothelial cells were preconditioned by a basal-level sinusoidal shear stress of 15 ± 15 dyn/cm(2) at 1 Hz, and the frequency was then elevated to 2 Hz. Endothelial permeability increased slowly after the frequency step-up, but the increase was relatively small. Using microarrays, we identified 37 genes that are sensitive to the frequency step-up. The acute increase in shear frequency upregulates a set of cell-cycle regulation and angiogenesis-related genes. The overall adaptive response to the increased frequency is distinctly different from that to a magnitude step-up. However, consistent with the previous study, our data support the notion that endothelial function during an adaptive response is different than that of fully adapted endothelial cells. Our studies may also provide insights into the beneficial effects of exercise on vascular health: transient increases in frequency may facilitate endothelial repair, whereas similar increases in shear magnitude may keep excessive inflammation and oxidative stress at bay.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological/physiology ; Animals ; Blood Flow Velocity/physiology ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular/physiology ; Shear Strength/physiology ; Stress, Mechanical ; Swine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-07-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603838-4
    ISSN 1522-1539 ; 0363-6135
    ISSN (online) 1522-1539
    ISSN 0363-6135
    DOI 10.1152/ajpheart.00174.2013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Adaptive response of vascular endothelial cells to an acute increase in shear stress magnitude.

    Zhang, Ji / Friedman, Morton H

    American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology

    2011  Volume 302, Issue 4, Page(s) H983–91

    Abstract: The adaptation of vascular endothelial cells to shear stress alteration induced by global hemodynamic changes, such as those accompanying exercise or digestion, is an essential component of normal endothelial physiology in vivo. An understanding of the ... ...

    Abstract The adaptation of vascular endothelial cells to shear stress alteration induced by global hemodynamic changes, such as those accompanying exercise or digestion, is an essential component of normal endothelial physiology in vivo. An understanding of the transient regulation of endothelial phenotype during adaptation to changes in mural shear will advance our understanding of endothelial biology and may yield new insights into the mechanism of atherogenesis. In this study, we characterized the adaptive response of arterial endothelial cells to an acute increase in shear stress magnitude in well-defined in vitro settings. Porcine endothelial cells were preconditioned by a basal level shear stress of 15 ± 15 dyn/cm(2) at 1 Hz for 24 h, after which an acute increase in shear stress to 30 ± 15 dyn/cm(2) was applied. Endothelial permeability nearly doubled after 40-min exposure to the elevated shear stress and then decreased gradually. Transcriptomics studies using microarray techniques identified 86 genes that were sensitive to the elevated shear. The acute increase in shear stress promoted the expression of a group of anti-inflammatory and antioxidative genes. The adaptive response of the global gene expression profile is triphasic, consisting of an induction period, an early adaptive response (ca. 45 min) and a late remodeling response. Our results suggest that endothelial cells exhibit a specific phenotype during the adaptive response to changes in shear stress; this phenotype is different than that of fully adapted endothelial cells.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological/physiology ; Animals ; Aorta/cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Models, Animal ; Phenotype ; Shear Strength ; Stress, Mechanical ; Swine ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-12-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 603838-4
    ISSN 1522-1539 ; 0363-6135
    ISSN (online) 1522-1539
    ISSN 0363-6135
    DOI 10.1152/ajpheart.00168.2011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Book: Principles and models of biological transport

    Friedman, Morton H

    2008  

    Author's details Morton H. Friedman
    MeSH term(s) Biological Transport
    Language English
    Size xvii, 508 p. :, ill. (some col.) ;, 27 cm.
    Edition 2nd ed.
    Publisher Springer
    Publishing place New York, NY
    Document type Book
    ISBN 9780387792392 ; 0387792392 ; 9780387792408 ; 0387792406
    Database Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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  5. Book ; Online: Principles and models of biological transport

    Friedman, Morton H

    2008  

    Author's details by Morton H. Friedman
    Keywords Biochemistry ; Biomedical engineering ; Engineering ; Life sciences ; Medicine
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource (XVII, 508 S.), Ill.
    Publisher Springer-Verlag New York
    Publishing place New York, NY
    Document type Book ; Online
    ISBN 9780387792392 ; 9780387792408 ; 0387792392 ; 0387792406
    DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-79240-8
    Database Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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  6. Article ; Online: Environment and vascular bed origin influence differences in endothelial transcriptional profiles of coronary and iliac arteries.

    Burridge, Kelley A / Friedman, Morton H

    American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology

    2010  Volume 299, Issue 3, Page(s) H837–46

    Abstract: Atherosclerotic plaques tend to form in the major arteries at certain predictable locations. As these arteries vary in atherosusceptibility, interarterial differences in endothelial cell biology are of considerable interest. To explore the origin of ... ...

    Abstract Atherosclerotic plaques tend to form in the major arteries at certain predictable locations. As these arteries vary in atherosusceptibility, interarterial differences in endothelial cell biology are of considerable interest. To explore the origin of differences observed between typical atheroprone and atheroresistant arteries, we used DNA microarrays to compare gene expression profiles of harvested porcine coronary (CECs) and iliac artery endothelial cells (IECs) grown in static culture out to passage 4. Fewer differences were observed between the transcriptional profiles of CECs and IECs in culture compared with in vivo, suggesting that most differences observed in vivo were due to distinct environmental cues in the two arteries. One-class significance of microarrays revealed that most in vivo interarterial differences disappeared in culture, as fold differences after passaging were not significant for 85% of genes identified as differentially expressed in vivo at 5% false discovery rate. However, the three homeobox genes, HOXA9, HOXA10, and HOXD3, remained underexpressed in coronary endothelium for all passages by at least nine-, eight-, and twofold, respectively. Continued differential expression, despite removal from the in vivo environment, suggests that primarily heritable or epigenetic mechanism(s) influences transcription of these three genes. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed expression ratios for seven genes associated with atherogenesis and over- or underexpressed by threefold in CECs relative to IECs. The present study provides evidence that both local environment and vascular bed origin modulate gene expression in arterial endothelium. The transcriptional differences observed here may provide new insights into pathways responsible for coronary artery susceptibility.
    MeSH term(s) Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Coronary Vessels/cytology ; Coronary Vessels/metabolism ; Endothelial Cells/cytology ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Iliac Artery/cytology ; Iliac Artery/metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Swine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-06-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 603838-4
    ISSN 1522-1539 ; 0363-6135
    ISSN (online) 1522-1539
    ISSN 0363-6135
    DOI 10.1152/ajpheart.00002.2010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Variability of 3D arterial geometry and dynamics, and its pathologic implications.

    Friedman, Morton H

    Biorheology

    2002  Volume 39, Issue 3-4, Page(s) 513–517

    Abstract: Geometric parameters and features vary within the vasculature. Furthermore, at any given anatomic site, there are substantial variations in geometry among individuals. These variations can contribute to a corresponding variability in the hemodynamic ... ...

    Abstract Geometric parameters and features vary within the vasculature. Furthermore, at any given anatomic site, there are substantial variations in geometry among individuals. These variations can contribute to a corresponding variability in the hemodynamic environment and, to the extent that hemodynamics affects the atherosclerotic process, the progress of vascular disease. Measurements of the geometry and wall morphometry of post-mortem human coronary arteries demonstrate a relationship between these variables that supports the notion that geometric variations can contribute to a corresponding variability in the local rate of progression of arterial disease. The dynamic geometry of the coronary arteries also varies from site to site and among individuals, and this variability too may play a role in the epidemiology of coronary artery disease.
    MeSH term(s) Arteries/pathology ; Arteries/physiopathology ; Coronary Disease/blood ; Coronary Disease/pathology ; Coronary Disease/physiopathology ; Coronary Vessels/pathology ; Coronary Vessels/physiopathology ; Disease Susceptibility ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Individuality ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 82015-5
    ISSN 1878-5034 ; 0006-355X
    ISSN (online) 1878-5034
    ISSN 0006-355X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Integrative biomechanics: a paradigm for clinical applications of fundamental mechanics.

    Ateshian, Gerard A / Friedman, Morton H

    Journal of biomechanics

    2009  Volume 42, Issue 10, Page(s) 1444–1451

    Abstract: Integrative biomechanics uses biomechanics knowledge and methods at multiple scales and among biological entities to address fundamental and clinical problems at the tissue and organ level. Owing to the large ranges of scale involved, integrative ... ...

    Abstract Integrative biomechanics uses biomechanics knowledge and methods at multiple scales and among biological entities to address fundamental and clinical problems at the tissue and organ level. Owing to the large ranges of scale involved, integrative biomechanics is intrinsically multidisciplinary, extending from molecular biophysics to contemporary engineering descriptions of kinematics and bulk constitutive properties. Much of this integration is accomplished through multiscale models of the interactions of interest. Applications can range from the development of new biological knowledge to the creation of new technologies for clinical application. In this white paper, the historical background of, and the rationale behind, integrative biomechanics are reviewed, followed by a sampling of clinical advances that were developed using the integrative approach. Refinements of many of these advances are still needed, and unsolved problems remain, in genomic applications, developing improved interventional procedures and protocols, and personalized medicine. Challenges to achieve these goals include the need for better models and the acquisition and organization of the data needed to parameterize, validate and apply them. These challenges will be overcome, because the advances in characterizing disease risk, personalization of care, and therapeutics that will follow, demand that we continue to move forward in this exciting field.
    MeSH term(s) Angioplasty ; Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Artery Disease/therapy ; Databases, Factual ; Genomics ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Joint Prosthesis ; Kidneys, Artificial ; Ligaments/surgery ; Models, Biological ; Stents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-05-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 218076-5
    ISSN 1873-2380 ; 0021-9290
    ISSN (online) 1873-2380
    ISSN 0021-9290
    DOI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.04.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Microscope-based near-infrared stereo-imaging system for quantifying the motion of the murine epicardial coronary arteries in vivo.

    Long, David S / Zhu, Hui / Friedman, Morton H

    Journal of biomedical optics

    2013  Volume 18, Issue 9, Page(s) 96013

    Abstract: Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of mortality in industrialized countries. In addition to "traditional" systemic risk factors for atherosclerosis, the geometry and motion of coronary arteries may contribute to individual susceptibility to the ... ...

    Abstract Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of mortality in industrialized countries. In addition to "traditional" systemic risk factors for atherosclerosis, the geometry and motion of coronary arteries may contribute to individual susceptibility to the development and progression of disease in these vessels. To be able to test this, we have developed a high-speed (∼40 frames per second) microscope-based stereo-imaging system to quantify the motion of epicardial coronary arteries of mice. Using near-infrared nontargeted quantum dots as an imaging contrast agent, we synchronously acquired paired images of a surgically exposed murine heart, from which the three-dimensional geometry of the coronary arteries was reconstructed. The reconstructed geometry was tracked frame by frame through the cardiac cycle to quantify the in vivo motion of the vessel, from which displacements, curvature, and torsion parameters were derived. Illustrative results for a C57BL/6J mouse are presented.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Coronary Vessels/anatomy & histology ; Coronary Vessels/physiology ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy/methods ; Movement/physiology ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Quantum Dots ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-09-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1309154-2
    ISSN 1560-2281 ; 1083-3668
    ISSN (online) 1560-2281
    ISSN 1083-3668
    DOI 10.1117/1.JBO.18.9.096013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Discussion: "Comparison of Statistical Methods for Assessing Spatial Correlations Between Maps of Different Arterial Properties" (Rowland, E. M., Mohamied, Y., Chooi, K. Y., Bailey, E. L., and Weinberg, P. D., 2015, ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 137(10), p. 101003): An Alternative Approach Using Segmentation Based on Local Hemodynamics.

    Himburg, Heather A / Grzybowski, Deborah M / Hazel, Andrew L / LaMack, Jeffrey A / Friedman, Morton H

    Journal of biomechanical engineering

    2016  Volume 138, Issue 9

    Abstract: The biological response of living arteries to mechanical forces is an important component of the atherosclerotic process and is responsible, at least in part, for the well-recognized spatial variation in atherosusceptibility in man. Experiments to ... ...

    Abstract The biological response of living arteries to mechanical forces is an important component of the atherosclerotic process and is responsible, at least in part, for the well-recognized spatial variation in atherosusceptibility in man. Experiments to elucidate this response often generate maps of force and response variables over the arterial surface, from which the force-response relationship is sought. Rowland et al. discussed several statistical approaches to the spatial autocorrelation that confounds the analysis of such maps and applied them to maps of hemodynamic stress and vascular response obtained by averaging these variables in multiple animals. Here, we point out an alternative approach, in which discrete surface regions are defined by the hemodynamic stress levels they experience, and the stress and response in each animal are treated separately. This approach, applied properly, is insensitive to autocorrelation and less sensitive to the effect of confounding hemodynamic variables. The analysis suggests an inverse relation between permeability and shear that differs from that in Rowland et al. Possible sources of this difference are suggested.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Arteries ; Hemodynamics ; Spatial Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-06-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 243094-0
    ISSN 1528-8951 ; 0148-0731
    ISSN (online) 1528-8951
    ISSN 0148-0731
    DOI 10.1115/1.4034217
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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