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Article ; Online: Effects of Types of Farmland Returning to Forest on the Dynamics of Soil Aggregate and Organic Carbon in Upper Reaches of Minjiang River

Yunwei HAN / Qing WANG / Fucheng LI / Yalin GUO / Yuting ZHENG

Guangdong nongye kexue, Vol 50, Iss 4, Pp 84-

2023 Volume 92

Abstract: Objective】On the occasion of the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forest for 20 years, the dynamic changes of soil aggregates and soil organic carbon (SOC) after returning farmland to forest in upper reaches of the Minjiang River ... ...

Abstract	【Objective】On the occasion of the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forest for 20 years, the dynamic changes of soil aggregates and soil organic carbon (SOC) after returning farmland to forest in upper reaches of the Minjiang River were quantitatively studied, which provided scientific data support for ecological governance and ecological agriculture development in arid valleys.【Method】Taking the native forest as the control and the ecological forests (eco-forests) and orchards (cherry, crisp plum, apple) as research objects, the particle size composition, stability and SOC distribution of soil water-stable aggregates of various land types were analyzed, and the mixed effect was applied to determine the contribution of forest land type, soil depth, altitude gradient, gravel content (GC) and other factors to soil aggregate stability and organic carbon dynamics.【Result】The content of macro-aggregates (> 0.25 mm) in orchards was significantly lower than that in eco-forests, and that in both was significantly lower than that in native forests. The contents of soil agglomerates of various sizes in the native and eco-forests showed as: 5-10 mm > 2-5 mm > 0.25-2 mm > 0.053-0.25 mm > 0-0.053 mm, those in the orchards ranked as: 0.25-2 mm > 2-5 mm > 5-10 mm > 0.053-0.25 mm > 0-0.053 mm. In the 5-15 cm soil layer, the contents of 5-10 mm and 2-5 mm agglomerates in cherry orchards were significantly greater than those in crisp plum orchards and apple orchards. Soil aggregate stability indexes(MWD and GMD) showed as: native forests > eco-forests > cherry orchards > crisp plum orchards and apple orchards, and there were no significant differences between crisp plum orchards and apple orchards. The SOC content(SOCC) in the 0-5 cm soil layer showed as native forests > eco-forests > cherry orchards > crisp plum orchards and apple orchards, and the difference showed a decreasing trend with the increase of soil depth. SOC(SOCS) stocks at a depth of 0-30 cm were ...
Keywords	grain for green ; ecological restoration mode ; soil organic carbon ; aggregate stability ; arid valley ; Agriculture ; S
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Spatial-temporal Variation and Driving Factors of Soil pH in Typical Cigar Area of Southwest China over the Past 35 Years

Yue HU / Hongzhu FAN / Yong CHEN / Xiao ZHANG / Yunkang LEI / Fucheng LI / Wengqiang FENG

Guangdong nongye kexue, Vol 50, Iss 4, Pp 75-

2023 Volume 83

Abstract: Objective】The spatial-temporal variation characteristics of soil pH and its driving factors were clarified to provide a basis for the improvement of soil acidification in southwest cigar area.【Method】Based on soil pH data of 26 sample points of the ... ...

Abstract	【Objective】The spatial-temporal variation characteristics of soil pH and its driving factors were clarified to provide a basis for the improvement of soil acidification in southwest cigar area.【Method】Based on soil pH data of 26 sample points of the second general soil survey in Sichuan Province in 1984, 391 sample points of soil testing and fertilizer recommendation survey in Sichuan Province in 2009, and 164 sample points of cultivated land quality survey in Sichuan Province in 2019, Multi-statistics and Geostatistics were used to analyze the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of soil pH, and Random Forest model was used to explore the main driving factors of soil pH change.【Result】The mean values of pH in Shifang City in 1984, 2009 and 2019 were 6.40, 6.24 and 5.97, respectively, and the average annual value decreased by 0.01 from 1984 to 2009 and by 0.02 from 2009 to 2019. From 1984 to 2019, except for Jiandi Town and Yinghua Town, where the average soil pH value showed an upward trend, the rest of the towns were on the decline, with the largest decrease of 30.62% in Hefeng Town and the smallest decrease of 0.30% in Shigu Town. The overall soil pH in 1984 was dominated by weakly acidic and neutral properties, with alkaline soils accounting for 2.59% of the total area planted with tobacco, and the spatial distribution was characterized by higher soil pH in three areas: Luoshui Town, Hefeng Town and Majing Town. In 2009, only weakly acidic and neutral soils existed in the study area, and soil pH was spatially high in the centre and low in the north and south. In 2019, the area of weakly acidic and neutral soils accounted for 95.25%, and the area of acidic soils (pH < 5.5) accounted for 4.75%, which were mainly distributed in the towns of Majing, Mazu, Hefeng, Nanquan and Shigu. And soil pH in the south was spatially lower than that in the north. Soils planted with tobacco over the past 35 years have generally shown changes in acidification, with about 53.51% of the soil was acidified (ΔpH < ...
Keywords	soil ph ; spatial-temporal distribution ; geostatisyics ; random forest ; cigar ; shifang city ; Agriculture ; S
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Changes of Soil Nutrients and Enzyme Activities in Calcareous Purple Soil Under Long-term Continuous Cropping for Tobacco Planting

Yongcheng LIU / Shikang YU / Fucheng LI / Huizhan GU / Guohui LUO / Jixian HE

Guangdong nongye kexue, Vol 49, Iss 12, Pp 74-

2022 Volume 81

Abstract: Objective】The problem of soil nutrient imbalance becomes more and more serious with the increase of tobacco planting years. The effects of continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in calcareous purple soil were ... ...

Abstract	【Objective】The problem of soil nutrient imbalance becomes more and more serious with the increase of tobacco planting years. The effects of continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in calcareous purple soil were systematically studied to provide data support for the improvement of soil fertility and the prevention and control of continuous cropping obstacles.【Method】In April 2021, typical plots of calcareous purple soil with different continuous cropping years (0 year, and 8, 10, 27, 33 years) in Zhaohua District, Guangyuan City were selected as the research objects, and the effects of long-term continuous cropping on soil nutrients, enzyme activities and the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco were analyzed.【Result】Long-term continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco led to the decrease of soil organic matter, pH and alkaline nitrogen by 18.34%, 17.43% and 23.15%, while the contents of soil available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 124% and 54.55%, respectively. Long-term continuous cropping resulted in a decrease of 58.51%-91.28% in urease activity and a decrease of 29.14%-48.66% in sucrase activity in soil. The results of correlation analysis showed that soil sucrase activity was significantly negatively correlated with soil available phosphorus (P < 0.01). Soil β-glucosidase was significantly positively correlated with soil available potassium content (P < 0.01), while significantly negatively correlated with soil available phosphorus (P < 0.05). The soil urease activity was significantly positively correlated with soil pH (P < 0.01).【Conclusion】Long-term continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco in calcareous purple soil has an inhibitory effect on soil nutrients and enzyme activities. Attention should be paid to the balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and organic fertilizer can be appropriately added to regulate the soil microenvironment to promote the transformation and absorption of nutrients.
Keywords	flue-cured tobacco ; purple soil ; continuous cropping obstacle ; nutrient imbalance ; enzyme activity ; arable land quality ; Agriculture ; S
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effect of Nitrogen Application Rate on Quality of Cigar Filler in Sichuan

Xinyu YUAN / Hongzhu FAN / Yong CHEN / Xiao ZHANG / Yunkang LEI / Fucheng LI / Liping CHEN / Wenqiang FENG

Guangdong nongye kexue, Vol 50, Iss 3, Pp 22-

2023 Volume 29

Abstract: Objective】The research aims to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rates on growth, yield, output value and quality of cigar in order to provide a basis for rational application of nitrogen fertilizer in cigar filler planting in Shifang, ... ...

Abstract	【Objective】The research aims to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rates on growth, yield, output value and quality of cigar in order to provide a basis for rational application of nitrogen fertilizer in cigar filler planting in Shifang, Sichuan Province.【Method】With Dexue 3 (cigar filler) as material, the variation characteristics of agronomic characters, yield, output value, physical quality and chemical composition of tobacco plants under different nitrogen application rates (0, 60, 120, 150, 180 and 240 kg/hm2, which were recorded as N0, N60, N120, N150, N180 and N240, respectively) were analyzed by field experiment.【Result】Nitrogen application rate had little effect on agronomic character indexes of cigar at topping stage (44 days after transplanting). With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the yield and output value of tobacco leaves increased rapidly at first, then the yield increased slowly, and the output value decreased instead of increasing. Compared with N0 treatment, the yield and output value of nitrogen treatment obviously increased by 11.62%-57.62% and 10.11%-45.83%, respectively. Among them, the highest yield of tobacco leaves under N240 treatment was 2 737.18 kg/hm2, while the highest output value of tobacco leaves under N180 treatment was 99 834.63 yuan/hm2, both higher than those under N150 treatment, but there was no significant difference between treatments. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the proportion of high-quality grade 1 and grade 2 tobacco leaves increased first and then decreased, while the proportion of lowquality grade 3 and lowest grade tobacco leaves presented an opposite trend, among which grade 1 and grade 2 tobacco leaves under N120 and N150 treatments accounted for the largest proportion, both reaching more than 80%. The comprehensive scores of physical quality and chemical composition of cigar leaves increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. Among them, the coordination of physical quality and ...
Keywords	nitrogen application rate ; sichuan ; cigar ; yield ; quality ; Agriculture ; S
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The impact of smash-ridge tillage on agronomic traits of tobacco plants, soil enzymatic activity, microbial community structure, and functional diversity

Bo Zhu / Huizhan Gu / Jixian He / Fucheng Li / Jian Yu / Weijie Liu / Qi Chen / Yu Lai / Shikang Yu

Plant Signaling & Behavior, Vol 18, Iss

2023 Volume 1

Abstract: Smash-ridge tillage is a novel cultivation technique that significantly influences the quality of arable land and crop yield. In this study, we employed high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and Biolog-ECO methods to systematically investigate the impact ... ...

Abstract	Smash-ridge tillage is a novel cultivation technique that significantly influences the quality of arable land and crop yield. In this study, we employed high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and Biolog-ECO methods to systematically investigate the impact of smash-ridge tillage on soil microbial community structure and functional diversity. The results demonstrate that both ST30 and ST50 treatments significantly enhance the average plant height, average plant diameter, average fresh root weight, stem fresh weight, and leaf area of tobacco plants, with the ST50 treatment exhibiting superior performance. Furthermore, both ST30 and ST50 treatments exhibit significantly higher soil enzyme activity and microbial community diversity compared to the CK treatment. They also improve the soil microbial utilization of carbon sources. Additionally, the ST50-treated soil samples demonstrate 15 microbial functional pathways that exceed those of the CK and ST30 treatments. In conclusion, the Smash-ridge tillage treatment at a depth of 50 cm yields more favorable results. This study provides a theoretical foundation for enhancing soil quality in Smash-ridge tillage by elucidating the mechanisms through which it impacts soil microbial ecology.
Keywords	smash-ridge tillage ; tobacco ; agronomic traits ; soil enzyme activity ; carbon resource utilization characteristics ; microbial community structure ; functional diversity ; Plant ecology ; QK900-989 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	630 ; 580
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Achieving Diamond‐Like Wear in Ta‐Rich Metallic Glasses

Fucheng Li / Mingxing Li / Liwei Hu / Jiashu Cao / Chao Wang / Yitao Sun / Weihua Wang / Yanhui Liu

Advanced Science, Vol 10, Iss 22, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)

2023

Abstract: Abstract Most metals and alloys suffer from high friction and wear due to their low hardness and lack of self‐lubrication. Although plenty of strategies have been proposed, it is still a long‐standing challenge to achieve diamond‐like wear in metals. ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Most metals and alloys suffer from high friction and wear due to their low hardness and lack of self‐lubrication. Although plenty of strategies have been proposed, it is still a long‐standing challenge to achieve diamond‐like wear in metals. Metallic glasses (MGs) are supposed to possess low coefficient of friction (COF) because of their high hardness and fast surface mobility. However, their wear rate is larger than that of diamond‐like materials. Here, this work reports the discovery of Ta‐rich MGs that exhibit diamond‐like wear. This work develops an indentation approach for high‐throughput characterization of crack resistance. By employing deep indentation loading, this work is able to efficiently identify the alloys that exhibit better plasticity and crack resistance according to the differences of indent morphology. With high temperature stability, high hardness, improved plasticity, and crack resistance, the discovered Ta‐based MGs exhibit diamond‐like tribological properties, featured by COF as low as ≈0.05 for diamond ball test and ≈0.15 for steel ball test, and specific wear rate of only ≈10−7 mm3 N−1m−1. The discovery approach and the discovered MGs exemplifie the promise to substantially reduce friction and wear of metals and may unleash the potential of MGs in tribological applications.
Keywords	friction ; metallic glasses ; nanoindentation ; wear ; Science ; Q
Subject code	669
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Heterogeneity of soil structure and fertility during desertification of alpine grassland in northwest Sichuan

Li Ma / Qing Wang / Songtao Shen / Fucheng Li / Li Li

Ecosphere, Vol 11, Iss 7, Pp n/a-n/a (2020)

2020

Abstract: Abstract The variations of soil structure and soil physical–chemical properties in the process of alpine grassland desertification were revealed, and the indicators of grassland desertification were put forward in order to deepen the understanding of the ...

Abstract	Abstract The variations of soil structure and soil physical–chemical properties in the process of alpine grassland desertification were revealed, and the indicators of grassland desertification were put forward in order to deepen the understanding of the law of degradation succession and development of alpine grassland. It was used to provide scientific basis for ecological restoration and improvement of ecological service function of alpine grassland. With severe desertification alpine grassland as the core in the Hongyuan County, Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Ngawa, Sichuan Province, China, along both the directions of wetland and arid grassland, the heterogeneity of soil structure and soil fertility in both directions was studied by the analysis of the mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD), >0.25 mm aggregate content (R0.25), fractal dimension (D), soil bulk density, soil moisture content, and soil nutrients. Our results showed that MWD, GMD, and R0.25 all gradually increased, but the D decreased with the reduction in the degree of desertification in the arid grassland and wetland, resulting in the strong stability of soil structure. The decreasing rate of the D in the direction of arid grassland was faster than that of wetland. Therefore, soil structure stability and erosion resistance in the direction of arid grassland were stronger than that of wetland soil; the D had different response to aggregates with different particle sizes. The aggregate less than 0.25 mm (r = 0.981, P < 0.01) and 1–2 mm (r = −0.79, P < 0.01) had the largest responses in the direction of the arid grassland and wetland, respectively; the aggregate more than 1 mm and 1–2 mm can be used as indicators to evaluate desertification of the soil in the direction of the arid grassland and wetland, respectively. The higher the content of the indicating aggregates, the weaker the degree of the desertification.
Keywords	deterioration of alpine grassland ; fractal dimension ; soil physical–chemical properties ; soil water‐stable aggregates ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The difference in soil organic carbon distribution between natural and planted forests: A case study on stony soils mountainous area in the Upper Min River Arid Valley, China

Yunwei, Han / Qing, Wang / Fucheng, Li / Yalin, Guo / Weipo, Yan / Yida, An / Yinping, Bai / Min, Yang / Yuting, Zheng / Qi, Hu

Soil Use and Management. 2023 Jan., v. 39, no. 1 p.147-160

2023

Abstract: Few studies have been conducted on the factors and distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) in plantation forests in arid mountainous regions, especially in orchards. We aimed to unravel the SOC distribution among land‐use types and the effects of ... ...

Abstract	Few studies have been conducted on the factors and distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) in plantation forests in arid mountainous regions, especially in orchards. We aimed to unravel the SOC distribution among land‐use types and the effects of altitude gradients and rock fragment content (RFC) on SOC accumulation and sequestration in the Upper Min River Arid Valley, China. The differences in SOC distribution among land‐use types were quantified. The correlation analysis of SOC with various factors, such as altitude and RFC, was conducted. The variation percentage in SOC content and stocks was explained by the factors' contribution using mixed‐effects models. SOC distribution was characterized by high content and low stocks in native forests and shrubs, high content and high stocks in eco‐forest, and low content and high stocks in orchards. At the surface (0–30 cm), SOC content and stocks in orchards (cherry, plum, and apple) were significantly lower than those in eco‐forests. There was a significant positive correlation between altitude and SOC content at the surface but not at the subsoil (30–60 cm). With RFC increased, the surface SOC content decreased in native forests, shrubs, and eco‐forests, while it increased in orchards. Our results suggest that land management is the main factor controlling the variation in SOC distribution. Enhancing the surface SOC stability in orchards by land management is a priority for soil carbon pool management in the Arid Valleys.
Keywords	administrative management ; altitude ; apples ; carbon sinks ; case studies ; cherries ; land use ; mountains ; plums ; rivers ; soil organic carbon ; subsoil ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-01
Size	p. 147-160.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	742151-5
ISSN	1475-2743 ; 0266-0032
ISSN (online)	1475-2743
ISSN	0266-0032
DOI	10.1111/sum.12860
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A Deep-Learning-Based Method Can Detect Both Common and Rare Genetic Disorders in Fetal Ultrasound

Jiajie Tang / Jin Han / Jiaxin Xue / Li Zhen / Xin Yang / Min Pan / Lianting Hu / Ru Li / Yuxuan Jiang / Yongling Zhang / Xiangyi Jing / Fucheng Li / Guilian Chen / Kanghui Zhang / Fanfan Zhu / Can Liao / Long Lu

Biomedicines, Vol 11, Iss 1756, p

2023 Volume 1756

Abstract: A global survey indicates that genetic syndromes affect approximately 8% of the population, but most genetic diagnoses can only be performed after babies are born. Abnormal facial characteristics have been identified in various genetic diseases; however, ...

Abstract	A global survey indicates that genetic syndromes affect approximately 8% of the population, but most genetic diagnoses can only be performed after babies are born. Abnormal facial characteristics have been identified in various genetic diseases; however, current facial identification technologies cannot be applied to prenatal diagnosis. We developed Pgds-ResNet, a fully automated prenatal screening algorithm based on deep neural networks, to detect high-risk fetuses affected by a variety of genetic diseases. In screening for Trisomy 21, Trisomy 18, Trisomy 13, and rare genetic diseases, Pgds-ResNet achieved sensitivities of 0.83, 0.92, 0.75, and 0.96, and specificities of 0.94, 0.93, 0.95, and 0.92, respectively. As shown in heatmaps, the abnormalities detected by Pgds-ResNet are consistent with clinical reports. In a comparative experiment, the performance of Pgds-ResNet is comparable to that of experienced sonographers. This fetal genetic screening technology offers an opportunity for early risk assessment and presents a non-invasive, affordable, and complementary method to identify high-risk fetuses affected by genetic diseases. Additionally, it has the capability to screen for certain rare genetic conditions, thereby enhancing the clinic’s detection rate.
Keywords	deep learning ; artificial intelligence ; genetic diseases ; prenatal diagnosis ; fetal face ; ultrasound image ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	006 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Effect of ZnO nanoparticles doped graphene on static and dynamic mechanical properties of natural rubber composites

Lin, Yong / Fucheng Li / Jiarong Zhu / Lan Liu / Yizhong Chen / Yong Wei / Zhikai Zeng

Composites. 2015 Mar., v. 70

2015

Abstract: In this work, effect of ZnO nanoparticles doped graphene (Nano-ZnO–GE) on static and dynamic mechanical properties of natural rubber composites were studied. Nano-ZnO–GE was synthesized by sol–gel method and thermal treatment. With the incorporation of ... ...

Abstract	In this work, effect of ZnO nanoparticles doped graphene (Nano-ZnO–GE) on static and dynamic mechanical properties of natural rubber composites were studied. Nano-ZnO–GE was synthesized by sol–gel method and thermal treatment. With the incorporation of nano-ZnO–GE into the matrix, the mechanical properties of NR nanocomposite significantly improved over that of NR composite containing with 5phr of conventional-ZnO. The results demonstrated that the presence of nano-ZnO on the surface of graphene sheets not only conduces to suppressing aggregation of graphene sheets but also acts as a more efficient cure-activator in vulcanization process, with the formation of excellent crosslinked network at low nano-ZnO–GE content. This work also showed that NR/Nano-ZnO–GE nanocomposites exhibited higher wet grip property and lower rolling resistance compared with NR/Conventional-ZnO composite, which makes nano-ZnO–GE very competitive for the green tire application as a substitute of conventional-ZnO, enlarging versatile practical application to prepare high-performance rubber nanocomposites.
Keywords	crosslinking ; graphene ; heat treatment ; mechanical properties ; nanocomposites ; nanoparticles ; rolling ; rubber ; sol-gel processing ; tires ; zinc oxide
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-03
Size	p. 35-44.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2012223-8
ISSN	1359-835X
ISSN	1359-835X
DOI	10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.12.008
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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