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  1. Book ; Online: Immunomodulatory Roles of Tryptophan Metabolites in Inflammation and Cancer

    Günther, Juliane / Fuchs, Dietmar / Fallarino, Francesca / Wirthgen, Elisa

    2020  

    Keywords Medicine ; Immunology ; immunomodulation ; cancer ; inflammation ; kynurenine pathway ; tryptophan
    Size 1 electronic resource (225 pages)
    Publisher Frontiers Media SA
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021230635
    ISBN 9782889639847 ; 2889639843
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: Emotional states predict cellular immune system activity under conditions of life as it is lived: A multivariate time-series analysis approach.

    Seizer, Lennart / Fuchs, Dietmar / Bliem, Harald R / Schubert, Christian

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 11, Page(s) e0290032

    Abstract: The relationship between emotional states and immune system activity is characterized by bidirectional influences; however, limited information is available regarding the temporal dynamics of these effects. The goal of this investigation was to examine ... ...

    Abstract The relationship between emotional states and immune system activity is characterized by bidirectional influences; however, limited information is available regarding the temporal dynamics of these effects. The goal of this investigation was to examine how these psychoimmunological interdependencies unfold over time under conditions of "life as it is lived". For this purpose, three healthy women collected their entire urine over a period of approximately two months at 12-h intervals (8 am-8 pm, 8 pm-8 am), resulting in a total of 112 to 126 consecutive measurements per subject. In addition, among other regular psychological assessments, the subjects completed the EWL-60-S, an emotional state questionnaire, each morning and evening. To assess the extent of T-helper type 1 immune activation, the neopterin per creatinine concentration was measured in the urine samples using high-pressure liquid chromatography. The dynamic relationships between the time series of the six emotional states (performance-related activity, general inactivity, extraversion/introversion, general feeling of comfort, emotional irritation, anxiety/depressiveness) and urinary neopterin levels were estimated in vector-autoregressive models and evaluated using Granger-causality tests, impulse-response functions and forecast error variance decompositions. The findings showed that emotional states explained up to 20% of the variance of urinary neopterin per creatinine levels, whereby most of the effects occurred within a period of approximately three days. Across all subjects, increases in anxiety/depressiveness and extraversion led to increases in neopterin levels, while a general feeling of comfort led to decreases in neopterin. These results emphasize the importance of the interdependencies between emotional states and immune system activity and showcase the potential that intensive longitudinal study designs offer for psychoneuroimmunology.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Neopterin/urine ; Time Factors ; Creatinine/urine ; Longitudinal Studies ; Immune System
    Chemical Substances Neopterin (670-65-5) ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0290032
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: IDO Activity Involved in the Pathogenesis and the Treatment of Inflammation- induced Diseases.

    Reininghaus, Eva / Sipahi, Hande / Fuchs, Dietmar

    Current topics in medicinal chemistry

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 25, Page(s) 2106

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-05
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2064823-6
    ISSN 1873-4294 ; 1568-0266
    ISSN (online) 1873-4294
    ISSN 1568-0266
    DOI 10.2174/156802662225221207095422
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5572: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article: Association between Large Neutral Amino Acids and Brain Integrity in Middle-Aged Adults at Metabolic Risk.

    Youn, Cherry / Caillaud, Marie L / Li, Yanrong / Gallagher, Isabelle A / Strasser, Barbara / Fuchs, Dietmar / Tanaka, Hirofumi / Haley, Andreana P

    Research square

    2024  

    Abstract: This investigation delves into the interplay between large neutral amino acids (LNAA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in midlife adults, examining their collective influence on brain structure and cognitive function. While LNAA, such as tryptophan and ... ...

    Abstract This investigation delves into the interplay between large neutral amino acids (LNAA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in midlife adults, examining their collective influence on brain structure and cognitive function. While LNAA, such as tryptophan and phenylalanine, are known to bolster cognition in youth, our study hypothesizes a reversal of these benefits in older adults with MetS, potentially signaling premature cognitive aging. Eighty participants between 40-61 years underwent MetS component quantification, LNAA measurement via high-performance liquid chromatography, and brain imaging to evaluate white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume and medial temporal lobe (MTL) cortical thickness. Our linear regression analysis, adjusting for sex, age, and education, revealed that phenylalanine levels moderated the relationship between MetS and WMH volume (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3951968/v1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Large Neutral Amino Acids Moderate the Effects of Metabolic Syndrome on Cognitive Performance in Middle-Aged Adults.

    Youn, Cherry / Caillaud, Marie L / Li, Yanrong / Gallagher, Isabelle A / Strasser, Barbara / Fuchs, Dietmar / Tanaka, Hirofumi / Haley, Andreana P

    Annals of nutrition & metabolism

    2024  

    Abstract: Introduction Two large neutral amino acids (LNAA), tryptophan and tyrosine, are precursors to cerebral neurotransmitters and are involved in cognitive function. Higher levels of LNAA in young adults are associated with improved cognition, although these ... ...

    Abstract Introduction Two large neutral amino acids (LNAA), tryptophan and tyrosine, are precursors to cerebral neurotransmitters and are involved in cognitive function. Higher levels of LNAA in young adults are associated with improved cognition, although these associations appear to reverse over time. Given that exposure to metabolic syndrome (MetS) may induce premature cognitive aging, the current project aims to fill the gap in the literature by examining the effect of LNAA on cognitive performance in midlife adults with metabolic risks. Methods Eighty-eight adults, ages 40-61 years, participated in this cross-sectional study. LNAA metabolites were quantified, MetS components were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography, and MetS components were assessed in the laboratory. Composite verbal memory and executive functioning scores were computed using principal component analysis. We used linear regression models to test the interaction between LNAA and MetS while covarying for sex, age, and education. Results The kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (KTR) moderated the relation between MetS and verbal memory, even after adjusting for relevant covariates. Tyrosine metabolites were not significant moderators of the association between MetS and executive functioning. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the detected weaker memory performance in adults with a high number of MetS components may be related to relative tryptophan depletion and possible decreases in serotonin production. Further investigation is warranted to examine the potential role of LNAA in associations between cognitive performance and metabolic risks over time.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392341-1
    ISSN 1421-9697 ; 0250-6807 ; 1018-9688
    ISSN (online) 1421-9697
    ISSN 0250-6807 ; 1018-9688
    DOI 10.1159/000538273
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Physiology and Inflammation Driven Pathophysiology of Iron Homeostasis-Mechanistic Insights into Anemia of Inflammation and Its Treatment.

    Lanser, Lukas / Fuchs, Dietmar / Kurz, Katharina / Weiss, Günter

    Nutrients

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 11

    Abstract: Anemia is very common in patients with inflammatory disorders. Its prevalence is associated with severity of the underlying disease, and it negatively affects quality of life and cardio-vascular performance of patients. Anemia of inflammation (AI) is ... ...

    Abstract Anemia is very common in patients with inflammatory disorders. Its prevalence is associated with severity of the underlying disease, and it negatively affects quality of life and cardio-vascular performance of patients. Anemia of inflammation (AI) is caused by disturbances of iron metabolism resulting in iron retention within macrophages, a reduced erythrocyte half-life, and cytokine mediated inhibition of erythropoietin function and erythroid progenitor cell differentiation. AI is mostly mild to moderate, normochromic and normocytic, and characterized by low circulating iron, but normal and increased levels of the storage protein ferritin and the iron hormone hepcidin. The primary therapeutic approach for AI is treatment of the underlying inflammatory disease which mostly results in normalization of hemoglobin levels over time unless other pathologies such as vitamin deficiencies, true iron deficiency on the basis of bleeding episodes, or renal insufficiency are present. If the underlying disease and/or anemia are not resolved, iron supplementation therapy and/or treatment with erythropoietin stimulating agents may be considered whereas blood transfusions are an emergency treatment for life-threatening anemia. New treatments with hepcidin-modifying strategies and stabilizers of hypoxia inducible factors emerge but their therapeutic efficacy for treatment of AI in ill patients needs to be evaluated in clinical trials.
    MeSH term(s) Anemia/complications ; Anemia/diagnosis ; Anemia/physiopathology ; Anemia/therapy ; Erythropoiesis ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Inflammation/complications ; Inflammation/physiopathology ; Inflammation/therapy ; Iron/metabolism ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
    Chemical Substances Iron (E1UOL152H7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu13113732
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Metabolic Stress and Immunity: Nutrient-Sensing Kinases and Tryptophan Metabolism.

    Gostner, Johanna M / Fuchs, Dietmar / Kurz, Katharina

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2021  Volume 1275, Page(s) 395–405

    Abstract: The tryptophan catabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1) has gained major attention due the immunoregulatory nature of this pathway. Both depletion of tryptophan concentrations as well as the accumulation of downstream metabolites are ... ...

    Abstract The tryptophan catabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1) has gained major attention due the immunoregulatory nature of this pathway. Both depletion of tryptophan concentrations as well as the accumulation of downstream metabolites are relevant for the mediation of the manifold consequences of increased tryptophan metabolism. Increased tryptophan catabolism is indicative for several chronic inflammatory disorders such as infections, autoimmune diseases or cancer. Low tryptophan availability is likely to be involved in the manifestation of a variety of comorbidities such as anemia, cachexia, depression and neurocognitive disturbances.Several nutrient sensing kinases are implicated in the downstream effects of dysregulated tryptophan metabolism. These include mechanisms that were conserved during evolution but have gained special features in multicellular eukaryotes, such as pathways regulated by eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2)-alpha kinase (GCN2, also named general control nonderepressible 2 kinase), 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and target of rapamycin (TOR).The interplay between IDO-1 and above-mentioned pathway seems to be highly context dependent. A better understanding of the crosstalk is necessary to support the search for druggable targets for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics ; Kynurenine ; Nutrients ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Stress, Physiological ; Tryptophan
    Chemical Substances Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase ; Kynurenine (343-65-7) ; Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX) ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
    ISSN (online) 2214-8019
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-49844-3_16
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Physiology and Inflammation Driven Pathophysiology of Iron Homeostasis—Mechanistic Insights into Anemia of Inflammation and Its Treatment

    Lanser, Lukas / Fuchs, Dietmar / Kurz, Katharina / Weiss, Günter

    Nutrients. 2021 Oct. 22, v. 13, no. 11

    2021  

    Abstract: Anemia is very common in patients with inflammatory disorders. Its prevalence is associated with severity of the underlying disease, and it negatively affects quality of life and cardio-vascular performance of patients. Anemia of inflammation (AI) is ... ...

    Abstract Anemia is very common in patients with inflammatory disorders. Its prevalence is associated with severity of the underlying disease, and it negatively affects quality of life and cardio-vascular performance of patients. Anemia of inflammation (AI) is caused by disturbances of iron metabolism resulting in iron retention within macrophages, a reduced erythrocyte half-life, and cytokine mediated inhibition of erythropoietin function and erythroid progenitor cell differentiation. AI is mostly mild to moderate, normochromic and normocytic, and characterized by low circulating iron, but normal and increased levels of the storage protein ferritin and the iron hormone hepcidin. The primary therapeutic approach for AI is treatment of the underlying inflammatory disease which mostly results in normalization of hemoglobin levels over time unless other pathologies such as vitamin deficiencies, true iron deficiency on the basis of bleeding episodes, or renal insufficiency are present. If the underlying disease and/or anemia are not resolved, iron supplementation therapy and/or treatment with erythropoietin stimulating agents may be considered whereas blood transfusions are an emergency treatment for life-threatening anemia. New treatments with hepcidin-modifying strategies and stabilizers of hypoxia inducible factors emerge but their therapeutic efficacy for treatment of AI in ill patients needs to be evaluated in clinical trials.
    Keywords anemia ; cell differentiation ; erythrocytes ; erythropoietin ; ferritin ; half life ; hemoglobin ; hepcidin ; hypoxia ; inflammation ; iron ; iron absorption ; macrophages ; pathophysiology ; quality of life ; renal failure ; stem cells
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-1022
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu13113732
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Cardioprotective effect of polyamine spermidine.

    Gostner, Johanna M / Fuchs, Dietmar

    The American journal of clinical nutrition

    2018  Volume 109, Issue 1, Page(s) 218

    MeSH term(s) Kinetics ; Polyamines ; Prospective Studies ; Spermidine
    Chemical Substances Polyamines ; Spermidine (U87FK77H25)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 280048-2
    ISSN 1938-3207 ; 0002-9165
    ISSN (online) 1938-3207
    ISSN 0002-9165
    DOI 10.1093/ajcn/nqy221
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ue I Zs.208: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Editorial: Immunomodulatory Roles of Tryptophan Metabolites in Inflammation and Cancer.

    Günther, Juliane / Fallarino, Francesca / Fuchs, Dietmar / Wirthgen, Elisa

    Frontiers in immunology

    2020  Volume 11, Page(s) 1497

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Immunity ; Immunomodulation ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Tryptophan/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01497
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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