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Article: Delayed corticosteroid hypersensitivity: a clinical management proposal.

Voltolini, S / Fumagalli, F

European annals of allergy and clinical immunology

2020 Volume 53, Issue 4, Page(s) 171–176

Abstract: Summary: Background. ...

Abstract	Summary: Background.
MeSH term(s)	Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects ; Adult ; Budesonide/administration & dosage ; Budesonide/adverse effects ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; Female ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed/chemically induced ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed/diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patch Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Budesonide (51333-22-3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-30
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2105540-3
ISSN	1764-1489 ; 0397-9148
ISSN	1764-1489 ; 0397-9148
DOI	10.23822/EurAnnACI.1764-1489.164
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Article ; Online: Prenatal Fluoxetine Exposure Influences Glucocorticoid Receptor-Mediated Activity in the Prefrontal Cortex of Adolescent Rats Exposed to Acute Stress.

Gallo, Maria Teresa / Dolci, Beatrice / Fumagalli, Fabio / Brivio, Paola / Calabrese, Francesca

ACS chemical neuroscience

2024 Volume 15, Issue 7, Page(s) 1560–1569

Abstract: Any deviation from the programmed processes of brain development may modify its formation and functions, thereby precipitating pathological conditions, which often become manifest in adulthood. Exposure to a challenge during crucial periods of ... ...

Abstract	Any deviation from the programmed processes of brain development may modify its formation and functions, thereby precipitating pathological conditions, which often become manifest in adulthood. Exposure to a challenge during crucial periods of vulnerability, such as adolescence, may reveal molecular changes preceding behavioral outcomes. Based on a previous study showing that prenatal fluoxetine (FLX) leads to the development of an anhedonic-like behavior in adult rats, we aimed to assess whether the same treatment regimen (i.e., fluoxetine during gestation; 15 mg/kg/day) influences the ability to respond to acute restraint stress (ARS) during adolescence. We subjected the rats to a battery of behavioral tests evaluating the development of various phenotypes (cognitive deficit, anhedonia, and anxiety). Furthermore, we carried out molecular analyses in the plasma and prefrontal cortex, a brain region involved in stress response, and whose functions are commonly altered in neuropsychiatric conditions. Our findings confirm that prenatal manipulation did not affect behavior in adolescent rats but impaired the capability to respond properly to ARS. Indeed, we observed changes in several molecular key players of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, particularly influencing genomic effects mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor. This study highlights that prenatal FLX exposure influences the ability of adolescent male rats to respond to an acute challenge, thereby altering the functionality of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and indicates that the prenatal manipulation may prime the response to challenging events during this critical period of life.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Animals ; Male ; Humans ; Fluoxetine/pharmacology ; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Stress, Psychological ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Corticosterone/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Fluoxetine (01K63SUP8D) ; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; Corticosterone (W980KJ009P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1948-7193
ISSN (online)	1948-7193
DOI	10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00856
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Article ; Online: Anorexia-Induced Hypoleptinemia Drives Adaptations in the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in the Ventral and Dorsal Hippocampus of Female Rats.

Targa, Giorgia / Mottarlini, Francesca / Rizzi, Beatrice / Taddini, Sofia / Parolaro, Susanna / Fumagalli, Fabio / Caffino, Lucia

Nutrients

2024 Volume 16, Issue 8

Abstract: Leptin is an appetite-regulating adipokine that is reduced in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), a psychiatric disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation, and has been linked to hyperactivity, a hallmark of AN. However, it remains unknown how ... ...

Abstract	Leptin is an appetite-regulating adipokine that is reduced in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), a psychiatric disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation, and has been linked to hyperactivity, a hallmark of AN. However, it remains unknown how leptin receptor (LepR) and its JAK2-STAT3 downstream pathway in extrahypothalamic brain areas, such as the dorsal (dHip) and ventral (vHip) hippocampus, crucial for spatial memory and emotion regulation, may contribute to the maintenance of AN behaviors. Taking advantage of the activity-based anorexia (ABA) model (i.e., the combination of food restriction and physical activity), we observed reduced leptin plasma levels in adolescent female ABA rats at the acute phase of the disorder [post-natal day (PND) 42], while the levels increased over control levels following a 7-day recovery period (PND49). The analysis of the intracellular leptin pathway revealed that ABA rats showed an overall decrease of the LepR/JAK2/STAT3 signaling in dHip at both time points, while in vHip we observed a transition from hypo- (PND42) to hyperactivation (PND49) of the pathway. These changes might add knowledge on starvation-induced fluctuations in leptin levels and in hippocampal leptin signaling as initial drivers of the transition from adaptative mechanisms to starvation toward the maintenance of aberrant behaviors typical of AN patients, such as perpetuating restraint over eating.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Janus Kinase 2/metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Leptin/blood ; Signal Transduction ; Anorexia/etiology ; Anorexia/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Leptin/metabolism ; Anorexia Nervosa/metabolism ; Anorexia Nervosa/blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Adaptation, Physiological
Chemical Substances	Janus Kinase 2 (EC 2.7.10.2) ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; Leptin ; Jak2 protein, rat (EC 2.7.10.2) ; Stat3 protein, rat ; Receptors, Leptin
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu16081171
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Article: The repetition of semen collection does not affect the physiological and biochemical response to electroejaculation of anesthetized adult and yearling pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) males

Fumagalli, Fernando / Villagrán, Matías / Ungerfeld, Rodolfo

Emerging animal species. 2022 June 08,

2022

Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine if multiple captures, general anesthesia and electroejaculation (EE) modify the heart rate (HR), pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), oxygen saturation, and the cortisol, alkaline ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to determine if multiple captures, general anesthesia and electroejaculation (EE) modify the heart rate (HR), pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), oxygen saturation, and the cortisol, alkaline phosphatase (AP) and creatine kinase (CK) responses to EE in adult and yearling pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) males. Individuals were captured, anesthetized and electroejaculated on four occasions, once per season, from June to the following March (first to fourth collection respectively). Rectal temperature, as well as cortisol, AP and CK serum concentrations were determined before and after electroejaculation (BEE and AEE). The HR (P < 0 .0001), PR (P < 0.0001), RR (P < 0.001), CK (P < 0.001) and cortisol concentration (P = 0.003) increased AEE, while RT (P = 0.004) decreased AEE. Heart rate increased in the first and third collections (P < 0.01), RR increased in the fourth collection (P < 0.001), and the highest values of RT were observed in the third and fourth collections (P < 0.0001). We conclude that repeated handling to collect semen did not have a sustained negative effect on the response to EE, which supports repeated semen collection from the same deer.
Keywords	Ozotoceros bezoarticus ; adults ; alkaline phosphatase ; anesthesia ; blood serum ; body temperature ; cortisol ; creatine kinase ; deer ; heart rate ; oxygen ; respiratory rate ; semen ; yearlings
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0608
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ISSN	2772-8137
DOI	10.1016/j.eas.2022.100010
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Amplitude spectrum area measured in real-time during cardiopulmonary resuscitation - How does this technology work?

Ruggeri, Laura / Fumagalli, Francesca / Merigo, Giulia / Magliocca, Aurora / Ristagno, Giuseppe

Resuscitation

2023 Volume 191, Page(s) 109941

Abstract: Amplitude spectrum area (AMSA) is one of the most accurate predictors of defibrillation outcome. Details on functioning and use of the available technology to measure AMSA during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the real clinical scenario are ... ...

Abstract	Amplitude spectrum area (AMSA) is one of the most accurate predictors of defibrillation outcome. Details on functioning and use of the available technology to measure AMSA during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the real clinical scenario are described. During chest compression (CC) pauses for ventilations, AMSA is promptly calculated and values displayed through a modified defibrillator. In addition, real-time AMSA analysis has the additional promise to monitor CPR quality, being AMSA threshold values contingent on CC depth. Future larger studies employing this new technology are now needed to demonstrate the impact of AMSA on survival of cardiac arrest.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Electric Countershock ; Ventricular Fibrillation ; Amsacrine ; Heart Arrest/therapy
Chemical Substances	Amsacrine (00DPD30SOY)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-23
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	189901-6
ISSN	1873-1570 ; 0300-9572
ISSN (online)	1873-1570
ISSN	0300-9572
DOI	10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109941
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Article ; Online: "De trop" meta-analyses and systematic reviews in cardiopulmonary resuscitation - A way to rapidly improve authors' citation index at a price of real science.

Merigo, Giulia / Silvestri, Ivan / Magliocca, Aurora / Fumagalli, Francesca / Ristagno, Giuseppe

Resuscitation

2023 Volume 187, Page(s) 109799

Abstract: Meta-analyses and systematic reviews (MSR) have been conceived as tools to summarize evidence on a specific health question. However, in the last years, an exaggerated number of MSRs published by scientific journals has been observed, i.e. 286 MSRs in ... ...

Abstract	Meta-analyses and systematic reviews (MSR) have been conceived as tools to summarize evidence on a specific health question. However, in the last years, an exaggerated number of MSRs published by scientific journals has been observed, i.e. 286 MSRs in the field of Resuscitation Science over the last 3 years, i.e. approximately 95 per year. Thus, doubts on the real scientific need of such a high number of MSRs may arise, potentially being only a way to rapidly improve authors' citation index and fame and sometimes the journals' impact factor.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Journal Impact Factor ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-18
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	189901-6
ISSN	1873-1570 ; 0300-9572
ISSN (online)	1873-1570
ISSN	0300-9572
DOI	10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109799
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Book ; Online: EEG Synthetic Data Generation Using Probabilistic Diffusion Models

Tosato, Giulio / Dalbagno, Cesare M. / Fumagalli, Francesco

2023

Abstract: Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a significant role in the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) domain, due to its non-invasive nature, low cost, and ease of use, making it a highly desirable option for widespread adoption by the general public. This ... ...

Abstract	Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a significant role in the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) domain, due to its non-invasive nature, low cost, and ease of use, making it a highly desirable option for widespread adoption by the general public. This technology is commonly used in conjunction with deep learning techniques, the success of which is largely dependent on the quality and quantity of data used for training. To address the challenge of obtaining sufficient EEG data from individual participants while minimizing user effort and maintaining accuracy, this study proposes an advanced methodology for data augmentation: generating synthetic EEG data using denoising diffusion probabilistic models. The synthetic data are generated from electrode-frequency distribution maps (EFDMs) of emotionally labeled EEG recordings. To assess the validity of the synthetic data generated, both a qualitative and a quantitative comparison with real EEG data were successfully conducted. This study opens up the possibility for an open\textendash source accessible and versatile toolbox that can process and generate data in both time and frequency dimensions, regardless of the number of channels involved. Finally, the proposed methodology has potential implications for the broader field of neuroscience research by enabling the creation of large, publicly available synthetic EEG datasets without privacy concerns. Comment: Our paper has been accepted for presentation at the Synapsium2023 conference
Keywords	Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-03-06
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: iSAGE

Muschalik, Maximilian / Fumagalli, Fabian / Hammer, Barbara / Hüllermeier, Eyke

An Incremental Version of SAGE for Online Explanation on Data Streams

2023

Abstract: Existing methods for explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), including popular feature importance measures such as SAGE, are mostly restricted to the batch learning scenario. However, machine learning is often applied in dynamic environments, where ... ...

Abstract	Existing methods for explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), including popular feature importance measures such as SAGE, are mostly restricted to the batch learning scenario. However, machine learning is often applied in dynamic environments, where data arrives continuously and learning must be done in an online manner. Therefore, we propose iSAGE, a time- and memory-efficient incrementalization of SAGE, which is able to react to changes in the model as well as to drift in the data-generating process. We further provide efficient feature removal methods that break (interventional) and retain (observational) feature dependencies. Moreover, we formally analyze our explanation method to show that iSAGE adheres to similar theoretical properties as SAGE. Finally, we evaluate our approach in a thorough experimental analysis based on well-established data sets and data streams with concept drift.
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Subject code	004
Publishing date	2023-03-02
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Sugary vs salty food industry leftovers in postweaning piglets: effects on gut microbiota and intestinal volatile fatty acid production.

Tretola, M / Ferrari, L / Luciano, A / Mazzoleni, S / Rovere, N / Fumagalli, F / Ottoboni, M / Pinotti, L

Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience

2022 Volume 16, Issue 7, Page(s) 100584

Abstract: Awareness of the need to improve the sustainability of livestock by reducing the loss of natural resources has increased significantly. This study investigated the effects of two categories of food industry leftovers, also referred to as former foodstuff ...

Abstract	Awareness of the need to improve the sustainability of livestock by reducing the loss of natural resources has increased significantly. This study investigated the effects of two categories of food industry leftovers, also referred to as former foodstuff products (FFPs), on pig gut microbiota and intestinal volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. Thirty-six female postweaning piglets (28 days old, Large White × Landrace, 6.5 ± 1.1 kg) were separated into three groups and fed a conventional diet (CTR), and diets in which cereals were partially replaced (30% w/w) by sugary confectionery products (FFPs-C) or salty bakery products (FFPs-B), respectively. After 42 days of dietary treatments, faeces were collected from the rectal ampulla, snap-frozen, and used for next-generation sequencing to analyse the composition and the alpha and beta diversity indexes of the microbial population. The concentration of VFAs in the intestinal content collected at the slaughterhouse was also analysed. The study demonstrated that balanced diets can be obtained by the inclusion of both FFPs-C and FFPs-B, with a similar chemical composition compared to traditional diets. Neither the FFPs-C nor FFPs-B diets affected the abundance and biodiversity indexes of the microbial community. Only a few taxa, normally attributed to a healthy gut, increased with FFPs-C and FFPs-B compared to the CTR. The experimental diets had no impact on the production of the VFAs in the faeces. Lastly, the inclusion at 30% (w/w) of both categories of FFP diets slightly affected the faecal microbiota. FFPs could thus be used as a promising alternative to traditional ingredients in pig diets; however, additional analyses are needed to further investigate the presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria. The effects of such ingredients on other markers of gut health, and on product quality when used in the fattening period also need to be investigated.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Feed/analysis ; Animals ; Diet/veterinary ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/analysis ; Female ; Food Industry ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Sugars/pharmacology ; Swine
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Sugars
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2257920-5
ISSN	1751-732X ; 1751-7311
ISSN (online)	1751-732X
ISSN	1751-7311
DOI	10.1016/j.animal.2022.100584
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Article ; Online: Integrated Mycotoxin Management System in the Feed Supply Chain: Innovative Approaches.

Fumagalli, Francesca / Ottoboni, Matteo / Pinotti, Luciano / Cheli, Federica

Toxins

2021 Volume 13, Issue 8

Abstract: Exposure to mycotoxins is a worldwide concern as their occurrence is unavoidable and varies among geographical regions. Mycotoxins can affect the performance and quality of livestock production and act as carriers putting human health at risk. Feed can ... ...

Abstract	Exposure to mycotoxins is a worldwide concern as their occurrence is unavoidable and varies among geographical regions. Mycotoxins can affect the performance and quality of livestock production and act as carriers putting human health at risk. Feed can be contaminated by various fungal species, and mycotoxins co-occurrence, and modified and emerging mycotoxins are at the centre of modern mycotoxin research. Preventing mould and mycotoxin contamination is almost impossible; it is necessary for producers to implement a comprehensive mycotoxin management program to moderate these risks along the animal feed supply chain in an HACCP perspective. The objective of this paper is to suggest an innovative integrated system for handling mycotoxins in the feed chain, with an emphasis on novel strategies for mycotoxin control. Specific and selected technologies, such as nanotechnologies, and management protocols are reported as promising and sustainable options for implementing mycotoxins control, prevention, and management. Further research should be concentrated on methods to determine multi-contaminated samples, and emerging and modified mycotoxins.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Feed/analysis ; Animal Feed/microbiology ; Animal Husbandry/methods ; Animals ; Crop Production/methods ; Livestock ; Mycotoxins/analysis ; Safety Management/methods
Chemical Substances	Mycotoxins
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518395-3
ISSN	2072-6651 ; 2072-6651
ISSN (online)	2072-6651
ISSN	2072-6651
DOI	10.3390/toxins13080572
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