Article ; Online: Total Liver Vitamin A Reserves, Determined With 13C2-Retinol Isotope Dilution, are Similar Among Tanzanian Preschool Children in Areas With Low and High Vitamin A Exposure.
2023 Volume 152, Issue 12, Page(s) 2699–2707
Abstract: Background: In Tanzania, some districts have single vitamin A (VA) interventions and others have multiple interventions. There is limited information on total liver VA reserves (TLRs) among preschool children (PSC) in Tanzania.: Objectives: We ... ...
| Abstract | Background: In Tanzania, some districts have single vitamin A (VA) interventions and others have multiple interventions. There is limited information on total liver VA reserves (TLRs) among preschool children (PSC) in Tanzania. Objectives: We assessed total body VA stores (TBSs) and TLRs among PSC living in 2 districts with low and high exposures to VA interventions using 13C-retinol isotope dilution. Methods: A cross-sectional, health facility-based study was conducted in 2 districts with access to VA supplementation only (low exposure to VA interventions) or multiple interventions (high exposure to VA interventions) to determine TLRs in 120 PSC aged 36-59 months. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Height and weight were measured, and the prevalence of undernutrition was based on z-scores. Blood samples were collected for measurement of TBSs, TLRs, retinol, biomarkers of infection and inflammation, and hemoglobin. 13C2-retinyl acetate (1.0 μmol) was administered to each child after blood collection, and the second sample was taken 14 days later. Serum was analyzed with HPLC and gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare medians of nonnormally distributed variables. Pearson χ2 test was used to assess associations between 2 categorical variables. Results: Median TBSs differed between PSC from low-exposure (196 μmol; IQR, 120 μmol) and high-exposure (231 μmol; IQR, 162 μmol) intervention areas (P = 0.015). Median TLRs were 0.23 μmol/g liver (IQR, 0.14 μmol/g liver) and 0.26 μmol/g liver (IQR, 0.16 μmol/g liver) from low- and high-exposure areas, respectively, which did not significantly differ (P = 0.12). Prevalences of VA deficiency (VAD; ≤0.1 μmol/g liver) were 6.3% and 1.7% for PSC from low- and high-exposure areas, respectively. There was no significant difference in VAD (P = 0.25). No child had hypervitaminosis A (≥1.0 μmol/g liver). Conclusions: TLRs in Tanzanian PSC from 2 districts did not differ between low and high exposures to VA interventions. The majority had adequate VA stores. VAD in the study area presented a mild public health problem. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Vitamin A ; Tanzania/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Vitamin A Deficiency/epidemiology ; Liver ; Carbon Isotopes |
| Chemical Substances | Vitamin A (11103-57-4) ; Carbon-13 (FDJ0A8596D) ; Carbon Isotopes |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-03-30 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ZDB-ID | 218373-0 |
| ISSN | 1541-6100 ; 0022-3166 |
| ISSN (online) | 1541-6100 |
| ISSN | 0022-3166 |
| DOI | 10.1093/jn/nxac227 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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