Article ; Online: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor-induced immune hemolytic anemia; three different drugs in three separate cases.
2023 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 215–219
Abstract: Introduction: Molecular multitargeted small tyrosine kinase inhibitory (TKI) agents such as axitinib, sunitinib and pazopanib are commonly used in several types of solid tumors. Anemia is not a rare effect of these drugs which may occur at all grades. ... ...
Abstract | Introduction: Molecular multitargeted small tyrosine kinase inhibitory (TKI) agents such as axitinib, sunitinib and pazopanib are commonly used in several types of solid tumors. Anemia is not a rare effect of these drugs which may occur at all grades. However, drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (IHA), a very rare condition is distinctive from other types of anemia with its specific mechanism and management strategy. Case reports: We reported three different TKI-induced IHA cases that occurred due to axitinib, sunitinib, and pazopanib, respectively. The first two cases were diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma and the last one was diagnosed with soft tissue sarcoma. They all presented with the characteristic symptoms of anemia and hemolysis. All the cases were detected positive for the complement C3d direct antiglobulin (direct coombs) test. Management and outcomes: Discontinuation of the causative drug and 1 mg/kg/day dose of corticosteroid treatment were able to control IHA in all three cases. Excluding the other factors of IHA and an evident laboratory and clinical benefit after withholding the TKI led to the diagnosis of TKI-related IHA in each case. Discussion: TKIs are relatively new in clinical practice and are being used for more indications and in more patients. To our knowledge#these three cases are unique in terms of axitinib#sunitinib#and pazopanib-related IHA. |
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MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Anemia, Hemolytic/chemically induced ; Anemia, Hemolytic/drug therapy ; Axitinib/therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy ; Indazoles ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Pyrimidines ; Sulfonamides ; Sunitinib/adverse effects ; Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors |
Chemical Substances | Axitinib (C9LVQ0YUXG) ; Indazoles ; pazopanib (7RN5DR86CK) ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Pyrimidines ; Sulfonamides ; Sunitinib (V99T50803M) ; Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2023-09-19 |
Publishing country | England |
Document type | Journal Article |
ZDB-ID | 1330764-2 |
ISSN | 1477-092X ; 1078-1552 |
ISSN (online) | 1477-092X |
ISSN | 1078-1552 |
DOI | 10.1177/10781552231202530 |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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