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Article ; Online: Sexual size dimorphism of group-living Mongolian gerbils Meriones unguicutalus (Muridae

G. Wang

The European Zoological Journal, Vol 84, Iss 1, Pp 536-

Gerbillinae)

2017 Volume 540

Abstract: Polygynous mammals often have male-biased sexual size dimorphism due to male–male competition for mates. However, fecundity selection may enlarge female body size. The Mongolian gerbil Meriones unguiculatus (Milne-Edwards, 1867) is a social rodent of ... ...

Abstract	Polygynous mammals often have male-biased sexual size dimorphism due to male–male competition for mates. However, fecundity selection may enlarge female body size. The Mongolian gerbil Meriones unguiculatus (Milne-Edwards, 1867) is a social rodent of promiscuous mating. Male gerbils exhibit social dominance hierarchy, which may differentiate reproductive success among male gerbils with larger males having more reproductive opportunities. This study investigated the hypothesis that social dominance hierarchy would result in male-biased sexual size dimorphism in Mongolian gerbils. We also tested the prediction of fecundity selection, that litter size would be positively related to female body mass of Mongolian gerbils. Body mass, carcass weight and body length of male gerbils were greater than those of females. Therefore, male-biased sexual size dimorphism was supported in Mongolian gerbils. Although litter size of female gerbils increased with increasing carcass weight, ecological constraints (e.g. burrow living and increased energy expenditure during pregnancy) probably kept female body size smaller than male body size of the gerbil. Social interactions may mediate sexual and fecundity selections on the body size of social rodents.
Keywords	Body size–fecundity relationship ; ecological constraint ; group living ; male–male competition ; social dominance hierarchy ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Processing stimulus dynamics by the NF-κB network in single cells

Minjun Son / Andrew G. Wang / Bijentimala Keisham / Savaş Tay

Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Vol 55, Iss 12, Pp 2531-

2023 Volume 2540

Abstract: Abstract Cells at the site of an infection experience numerous biochemical signals that vary in amplitude, space, and time. Despite the diversity of dynamic signals produced by pathogens and sentinel cells, information-processing pathways converge on a ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Cells at the site of an infection experience numerous biochemical signals that vary in amplitude, space, and time. Despite the diversity of dynamic signals produced by pathogens and sentinel cells, information-processing pathways converge on a limited number of central signaling nodes to ultimately control cellular responses. In particular, the NF-κB pathway responds to dozens of signals from pathogens and self, and plays a vital role in processing proinflammatory inputs. Studies addressing the influence of stimulus dynamics on NF-κB signaling are rare due to technical limitations with live-cell measurements. However, recent advances in microfluidics, automation, and image analysis have enabled investigations that yield high temporal resolution at the single-cell level. Here, we summarize the recent research which measures and models the NF-κB response to pulsatile and fluctuating stimulus concentrations, as well as different combinations and sequences of signaling molecules. Collectively, these studies show that the NF-κB network integrates external inflammatory signals and translates these into downstream transcriptional responses.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Biochemistry ; QD415-436
Subject code	612
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: dcHiC detects differential compartments across multiple Hi-C datasets

Abhijit Chakraborty / Jeffrey G. Wang / Ferhat Ay

Nature Communications, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 21

Abstract: The organisation of mammalian genomes plays a role in many biological processes. Here the authors report dcHiC, a tool which uses a multivariate distance measure to identify changes in compartmentalisation among multiple genome-wide chromatin contact ... ...

Abstract	The organisation of mammalian genomes plays a role in many biological processes. Here the authors report dcHiC, a tool which uses a multivariate distance measure to identify changes in compartmentalisation among multiple genome-wide chromatin contact maps, and apply this to different human and mouse datasets.
Keywords	Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: High-frequency observation during sand and dust storms at the Qingtu Lake Observatory

X. Li / Y. Huang / G. Wang / X. Zheng

Earth System Science Data, Vol 13, Pp 5819-

2021 Volume 5830

Abstract: Partially due to global climate change, sand and dust storms (SDSs) have occurred more and more frequently, yet a detailed measurement of SDS events at different heights is still lacking. Here we provide a high-frequency observation from the Qingtu Lake ... ...

Abstract	Partially due to global climate change, sand and dust storms (SDSs) have occurred more and more frequently, yet a detailed measurement of SDS events at different heights is still lacking. Here we provide a high-frequency observation from the Qingtu Lake Observation Array (QLOA), China. The wind and dust information were measured simultaneously at different wall-normal heights during the SDS process. The datasets span the period from 17 March to 9 June 2016. The wind speed and direction are recorded by a sonic anemometer with a sampling frequency of 50 Hz , while particulate matter with a diameter of 10 µm or less ( PM 10 ) is sampled simultaneously by a dust monitor with a sampling frequency of 1 Hz . The wall-normal array had 11 sonic anemometers and monitors spaced logarithmically from z =0.9 to 30 m , where the spacing is about 2 m between the sonic anemometer and dust monitor at the same height. Based on its nonstationary feature, an SDS event can be divided into three stages, i.e., ascending, stabilizing and descending stages, in which the dynamic mechanism of the wind and dust fields might be different. This is preliminarily characterized by the classical Fourier power analysis. Temporal evolution of the scaling exponent from Fourier power analysis suggests a value slightly below the classical Kolmogorov value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">5</mn><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">3</mn></mrow></math> <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="e8be77c8ab25fcced435ea3d8a454349"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-13-5819-2021-ie00001.svg" width="28pt" height="14pt" src="essd-13-5819-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg> for the three-dimensional homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. During the ...
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cytological Diagnosis of Pancreatic Solid-Pseudopapillary Neoplasm

Brant G. Wang / Haresh Mani / Zoe Q. Wang / Wenping Li

Diagnostics, Vol 12, Iss 449, p

A Single-Institution Community Practice Experience

2022 Volume 449

Abstract: Introduction. Pancreatic solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is a rare tumor that typically occurs in young females. Although a cytological diagnosis may be easily made in this age group when there are typical features, atypical clinical presentations ... ...

Abstract	Introduction. Pancreatic solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is a rare tumor that typically occurs in young females. Although a cytological diagnosis may be easily made in this age group when there are typical features, atypical clinical presentations and unusual cytological features may make this a challenging diagnosis. We present our single-institution experience in a cohort of these tumors, outlining both typical and atypical features. Awareness of unusual clinical and cytological features can help to avoid pitfalls during diagnosis. Methods. We performed a review of all cases of pancreatic SPNs diagnosed over a 15-year period (January 2007 to December 2021). Detailed cytological, clinical, and follow-up histological features were presented and analyzed. Results. Twenty-two cases of SPN were diagnosed at our institution during this 15-year period. Patients ranged from 12 to 73 years of age (mean 33 y, median 26 y) and included 19 females and 3 males. Seventeen patients had cytological material, and fourteen were diagnosed by EUS-FNA. Typical cytological features included papillary clusters with central capillaries, myxoid stroma, monomorphism, cercariform cells, and hyaline globules. Atypical or unusual cytological features that were seen in a few cases were multinucleated giant cells, clear cells, and/or foamy macrophages. A few cases showed features that were similar to pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). Tumor cells were always positive for β-catenin, CD10, CD56, cyclin-D1, progesterone receptor (PR), and vimentin by immunohistochemistry. They were always negative for chromogranin. Pancytokeratin and synaptophysin stains were positive in 9% and 46% of cases evaluated, respectively. All cases had histological confirmation on resection. The median follow-up duration was 69 months (a range of 2–177 months), with only three cases lost to follow-up. No recurrence or metastasis was identified. Conclusions. We present our experience with cytological diagnoses of SPN in a well-characterized cohort of 22 ...
Keywords	solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm ; pancreas ; cytology ; immunohistochemistry ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Measurement report

R. Li / Y. Gao / Y. Chen / M. Peng / W. Zhao / G. Wang / J. Hao

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 23, Pp 4709-

Rapid changes of chemical characteristics and health risks for highly time resolved trace elements in PM 2.5 in a typical industrial city in response to stringent clean air actions

2023 Volume 4726

Abstract: Atmospheric trace metals entail significant damages in human health and ecosystem safety, and thus a series of clean air actions have been implemented to decrease the ambient element concentrations. Unfortunately, the impact of these emission control ... ...

Abstract	Atmospheric trace metals entail significant damages in human health and ecosystem safety, and thus a series of clean air actions have been implemented to decrease the ambient element concentrations. Unfortunately, the impact of these emission control measures on element concentrations in fine particles remains poorly understood. In our study, the random forest (RF) model was applied to distinguish the effects of emission and meteorology to trace elements in PM 2.5 in a typical industrial city named Tangshan based on a 3-year (2017–2020) hourly field observation. The result suggested that the clean air actions have facilitated the dramatic decreases of the deweathered concentrations of Ga, Co, Pb, Zn, and As by 72 %, 67 %, 62 %, 59 %, and 54 %, respectively. It is attributable to the strict implementation of “coal to gas” strategies and optimisation of industrial structure and layout. However, the deweathered levels of Ca (8.3 %), Cr (18.5 %), and Fe (23 %) only displayed minor decreases, indicating that the emission control measures for ferrous metal smelting and vehicle emission were not very effective. The positive matrix factorisation (PMF) results suggested that the contribution ratios of biomass burning, non-ferrous metal smelting, coal combustion, ferrous metal smelting, heavy oil combustion, and traffic-related dust changed from 33 %, 11 %, 15 %, 13 %, 3 %, and 25 % to 33 %, 8 %, 8 %, 13 %, 4 %, and 33 %, respectively. To date, no significant non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were observed for all of the elements, while both of As and Pb still showed relatively high health damages. It was proposed to further cut down the combustion-related emissions (e.g. As and Pb) because it showed the highest marginal health benefits. Besides this, the control of traffic-related emissions might be a key abatement strategy to facilitate the reduction of elements in fine particles.
Keywords	Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	670
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Spatial reconstruction of long-term (2003–2020) sea surface p CO 2 in the South China Sea using a machine-learning-based regression method aided by empirical orthogonal function analysis

Z. Wang / G. Wang / X. Guo / Y. Bai / Y. Xu / M. Dai

Earth System Science Data, Vol 15, Pp 1711-

2023 Volume 1731

Abstract: The South China Sea (SCS) is the largest marginal sea of the North Pacific Ocean, where intensive field observations, including mappings of the sea surface partial pressure of CO 2 ( p CO 2 ), have been conducted over the last 2 decades. It is one of the ...

Abstract	The South China Sea (SCS) is the largest marginal sea of the North Pacific Ocean, where intensive field observations, including mappings of the sea surface partial pressure of CO 2 ( p CO 2 ), have been conducted over the last 2 decades. It is one of the most studied marginal seas in terms of carbon cycling and could thus be a model system for marginal sea carbon research. However, the cruise-based sea surface p CO 2 datasets are still temporally and spatially sparse. Using a machine-learning-based method facilitated by empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, this study provides a reconstructed dataset of the monthly sea surface p CO 2 in the SCS with a reasonably high spatial resolution (0.05 ∘ × 0.05 ∘ ) and temporal coverage between 2003 and 2020. The data input to our model includes remote-sensing-derived sea surface salinity, sea surface temperature, and chlorophyll, the spatial pattern of p CO 2 constrained by EOF, atmospheric p CO 2 , and time labels (month). We validated our reconstruction with three independent testing datasets that are not involved in the model training. Among them, Test 1 includes 10 % of our in situ data, Test 2 contains four independent in situ datasets corresponding to the four seasons, and Test 3 is an in situ monthly dataset available from 2003–2019 at the South East Asia Time-series Study (SEATs) station located in the northern basin of the SCS. Our Test 1 validation demonstrated that the reconstructed p CO 2 field successfully simulated the spatial and temporal patterns of sea surface p CO 2 observations. The root mean square error (RMSE) between our reconstructed data and in situ data in Test 1 averaged ∼10 µatm , which is much smaller (by ∼50 %) than that between the remote-sensing-derived data and in situ data. Test 2 verified the accuracy of our retrieval algorithm in months lacking observations, showing a relatively small bias (RMSE of ∼8 µatm ). Test 3 evaluated the accuracy of the reconstructed long-term trend, showing that, at the SEATs station, the difference ...
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
Subject code	511 ; 333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cefoperazone/sulbactam-induced hemolytic anemia

X M Sun / L H Liu / Q Wu / H G Wang

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Vol 69, Iss 1, Pp 46-

2023 Volume 49

Abstract: Drug-induced hemolytic anemia (DIHA) is a rare complication of drug therapy and usually underdiagnosed. Cefoperazone/sulbactam is a compound prepared from the third generation of cephalosporin and β-lactamase inhibitor. There are limited data of DIHA ... ...

Abstract	Drug-induced hemolytic anemia (DIHA) is a rare complication of drug therapy and usually underdiagnosed. Cefoperazone/sulbactam is a compound prepared from the third generation of cephalosporin and β-lactamase inhibitor. There are limited data of DIHA induced from cefoperazone/sulbactam. A 93-year-old female patient, who had an operation on the biliary tract 3 months ago, was admitted to our hospital with an abdominal infection. After cefoperazone/sulbactam was given as anti-infection treatment, the patient developed hemolytic anemia on the third day. Cefoperazone/sulbactam was discontinued and replaced with meropenem. Subsequently the level of red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit returned to normal. Clinicians should pay attention to monitoring the possible adverse reactions during the use of cefoperazone/sulbactam and should be aware of the occurrence of DIHA, so as to give timely treatment.
Keywords	adverse reactions ; cefoperazone ; drug-related side effects ; hemolytic anemia ; sulbactam ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Understanding variations in downwelling longwave radiation using Brutsaert's equation

Y. Tian / D. Zhong / S. A. Ghausi / G. Wang / A. Kleidon

Earth System Dynamics, Vol 14, Pp 1363-

2023 Volume 1374

Abstract: A dominant term in the surface energy balance and central to global warming is downwelling longwave radiation ( R ld ). It is influenced by radiative properties of the atmospheric column, in particular by greenhouse gases, water vapor, clouds, and ... ...

Abstract	A dominant term in the surface energy balance and central to global warming is downwelling longwave radiation ( R ld ). It is influenced by radiative properties of the atmospheric column, in particular by greenhouse gases, water vapor, clouds, and differences in atmospheric heat storage. We use the semi-empirical equation derived by Brutsaert (1975) to identify the leading terms responsible for the spatial–temporal climatological variations in R ld . This equation requires only near-surface observations of air temperature and humidity. We first evaluated this equation and its extension by Crawford and Duchon (1999) with observations from FLUXNET, the NASA-CERES dataset, and the ERA5 reanalysis. We found a strong spatiotemporal correlation between estimated R ld and the datasets above, with r 2 ranging from 0.87 to 0.98 across the datasets for clear-sky and all-sky conditions. We then used the equations to show that changes in lower atmospheric heat storage explain more than 95 % and around 73 % of diurnal range and seasonal variations in R ld , respectively, with the regional contribution decreasing with latitude. Seasonal changes in the emissivity of the atmosphere play a second role, which is controlled by anomalies in cloud cover at high latitudes but dominated by water vapor changes at midlatitudes and subtropics, especially over monsoon regions. We also found that as aridity increases over the region, the contributions from changes in emissivity and lower atmospheric heat storage tend to offset each other ( − 40 and 20–30 W m −2 , respectively), explaining the relatively small decrease in R ld with aridity ( − (10–20) W m −2 ). These equations thus provide a solid physical basis for understanding the spatiotemporal variability of surface downwelling longwave radiation. This should help us to better understand and interpret climatological changes, such as those associated with extreme events and global warming.
Keywords	Science ; Q ; Geology ; QE1-996.5 ; Dynamic and structural geology ; QE500-639.5
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Quantification of the effects of long-term straw return on soil organic matter spatiotemporal variation

Y. Yan / W. Ji / B. Li / G. Wang / S. Chen / D. Zhu / Z. Liu

SOIL, Vol 9, Pp 351-

a case study in a typical black soil region

2023 Volume 364

Abstract: The straw return practice is essential to soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation in the black soil area with high carbon sequestration potential. However, due to lacking accurate spatial distribution of straw return, few studies have carried out rigorous ...

Abstract	The straw return practice is essential to soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation in the black soil area with high carbon sequestration potential. However, due to lacking accurate spatial distribution of straw return, few studies have carried out rigorous research on the impact of long-term straw return on SOM spatiotemporal variation on a regional scale. This study was carried out across an approximately 3000 km 2 area in Lishu County, northeastern China, a typical agricultural plain. Based on a total of 619 soil samples and 16 environmental covariates, the study mapped the spatial distributions of SOM in 2006 and 2018 by random forest (RF) and evaluated the effects of the interaction of soil properties, land use, and straw return on SOM spatial–temporal variation. The results show that in the context of long-term straw return, the mean SOM content increased from 18.93 to 20.84 g kg −1 during 2006–2018. And 74.49 % of the region had a significant increase (maximum of 24.41 g kg −1 ) of SOM. The severest SOM loss occurred in the northwest due to the light texture and the transition from paddy fields to dryland. Nevertheless, for areas from paddy fields to dryland, the SOM loss decreased with the increased cumulative crop residue coverage (CRC). The SOM even increased by 1.79 g kg −1 when the cumulative crop residue coverage reached 0.60–1.00. In addition, soil with higher initial SOM and sand content had a lower response to straw return. The study revealed that straw return is beneficial to carbon sink in farmland and is a better way to prevent a carbon source caused by the conservation of paddy field to dryland.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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