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  1. Article: 210Po in the marine biota of Korean coastal waters and the effective dose from seafood consumption

    Kim, S.H / B.E. Cho / G.H. Hong / H.M. Lee

    Journal of environmental radioactivity. 2017 Aug., v. 174

    2017  

    Abstract: The activity concentrations of 210Po were determined in plankton and selected species of macroalgae, crustaceans, molluscs, and fish from Korean coastal waters to understand 210Po distribution in these trophic levels and to assess the effective dose of ... ...

    Abstract The activity concentrations of 210Po were determined in plankton and selected species of macroalgae, crustaceans, molluscs, and fish from Korean coastal waters to understand 210Po distribution in these trophic levels and to assess the effective dose of 210Po from seafood ingested by the average Korean. The activity concentration of 210Po in macroalgae, mixed plankton, anchovy (whole body), abalone muscle, and abalone viscera was 0.97–1.43, 32–137, 59–392, 2.93 ± 0.86, and 1495 ± 484 Bq kg−1 (w.w.), respectively. Polonium-210 concentration in the whole flesh of mussel and oyster were 47.8 ± 5.9 and 45.3 ± 7.1 Bq kg−1 (w.w.), respectively. Polonium-210 concentration in the muscle of the five tested species of fish other than anchovy ranged from 0.51 to 5.56 Bq kg−1 (w.w.), with the lowest amount in a demersal species. In fish, 210Po activity concentration was as much as three orders of magnitude higher in viscera than in muscle. The average annual effective 210Po dose per average Korean adult, who consumes 42.8 kg of seafood a year (excluding anchovy), was estimated to be 94 μSv y−1, with 42–71% of this attributed to shellfish. Further studies are required to assess the dose of 210Po from anchovy owing to its high activity concentration and the manner in which anchovy is consumed.
    Keywords abalone ; adults ; anchovies ; animal organs ; coastal water ; Crustacea ; macroalgae ; muscles ; mussels ; oysters ; plankton ; polonium ; radioactivity ; radionuclides ; seafood consumption ; seafoods ; shellfish ; trophic levels
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-08
    Size p. 30-37.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1483112-0
    ISSN 1879-1700 ; 0265-931X
    ISSN (online) 1879-1700
    ISSN 0265-931X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.11.001
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Eddy- and wind-sustained moderate primary productivity in the temperate East Sea (Sea of Japan)

    G.-H. Hong / D.-K. Lee / D.-B. Yang / Y. I. Kim / J.-H. Park / C.-H. Park

    Biogeosciences Discussions, Vol 10, Iss 6, Pp 10429-

    2013  Volume 10458

    Abstract: As part of the Dokdo East Sea Time Series Studies (DETS) in the East/Japan Sea, a DETS buoy system was moored on the 130 m deep continental shelf off the Dok Islets in the central part of the East Sea. Chlorophyll a concentrations in the surface water ... ...

    Abstract As part of the Dokdo East Sea Time Series Studies (DETS) in the East/Japan Sea, a DETS buoy system was moored on the 130 m deep continental shelf off the Dok Islets in the central part of the East Sea. Chlorophyll a concentrations in the surface water observed by the DETS buoy system exhibited low-frequency bimodal variations in the annual chlorophyll a concentration due to a spring phytoplankton bloom and a smaller fall bloom. In addition, between late spring and early fall when the water column is stratified, frequent low-concentration maxima occurred, which appear to have been triggered by the injection of nutrient-rich subsurface water to the sunlit surface water. The primary productivity in the nutrient-depleted surface ocean was found to be enhanced by subsurface water upwelling where the wind and water move in the same direction as the mesoscale eddy. New observations in the East/Japan Sea based on time-series measurements of chlorophyll a , wind, and other oceanographic variables at fixed sites in the center of the sea and using satellite measurements reveal that the vertical movement of water caused by wind-eddy interactions depends on the relative angle between the wind and the water current. The wind-eddy interaction appears to contribute to the unusually high primary productivity in the region where it was often sustained by the long-lived warm and cold eddies.
    Keywords Geology ; QE1-996.5 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Earth Sciences ; DOAJ:Earth and Environmental Sciences ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; DOAJ:Biology ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences ; Evolution ; QH359-425 ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5 ; Life ; QH501-531
    Subject code 551
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Copernicus Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Nutrient budgets for large Chinese estuaries and embayment

    S. M. Liu / G.-H. Hong / X. W. Ye / J. Zhang / X. L. Jiang

    Biogeosciences Discussions, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 391-

    2009  Volume 435

    Abstract: Nutrient concentrations among the Chinese rivers and bays vary 10–75 fold depending on nutrient elements. The silicic acid levels in South China rivers are higher than those from North China rivers and the yields of dissolved silicate increased from the ... ...

    Abstract Nutrient concentrations among the Chinese rivers and bays vary 10–75 fold depending on nutrient elements. The silicic acid levels in South China rivers are higher than those from North China rivers and the yields of dissolved silicate increased from the north to the south of China, indicating the effect of climate on weathering. The nutrient levels in Chinese rivers are higher than those from the large and less-disturbed world rivers such as Amazon and Zaire, but comparable to the values for European and North American polluted and eutrophic rivers like the Loire and Po. This may be ascribed to both of extensive leaching and influences from agricultural and domestic activities over the drainage basins of Chinese rivers. DIN:PO 3− 4 ratios in most of Chinese rivers and bays are higher (up to 2800) than the other rivers in the world. The atomic ratios of DIN to PO 4 3− in the major Chinese rivers and embayment decrease in exponential trend with increase in the atomic ratios of PO 4 3− to Si(OH) 4 , indicating that primary production in coastal environments changes with the nutrients transport when the urbanization develops to a certain extent, and the potential limited nutrient elements can be changed from phosphorus to nitrogen limitation, which can modify aquatic food webs and then the ocean ecosystem. A simple steady-state mass-balance box model was employed. The output shows that the estuaries and embayment behave as a sink or source of nutrients. For the major Chinese estuaries, both residual and mixing flow transport nutrients off the estuaries, and nutrient transport fluxes in summer is 3–4 fold that in winter except comparable for NH 4 + . These fluxes are 1.0–1.7 fold that estimated by timing riverine nutrient concentrations and freshwater discharge. For the major Chinese embayment, nutrient elements are transported to China Seas except PO 4 3− and Si(OH) 4 in Sanggou Bay and Jiaozhou Bay. Seasonally, nutrients transport fluxes off the bays in the summer are 2.2–7.0 fold that in the winter. In the embayment, the exchange flow dominated the water budgets, resulting in average system salinity approaching the China seas salinity where river discharge is limited. The major Chinese estuaries and embayment transport 1.0–3.1% of nitrogen, 0.2–0.5% of phosphorus and 3% of silicon necessary for phytoplankton growth for the China Seas. This demonstrates regenerated nutrients in water column and sediments and nutrients transport fluxes between the China Seas and open ocean play an important role for phytoplankton growth. Atmospheric deposition may be another important source of nutrients for the China Seas.
    Keywords Geology ; QE1-996.5 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Earth Sciences ; DOAJ:Earth and Environmental Sciences ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; DOAJ:Biology ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences ; Evolution ; QH359-425 ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5 ; Life ; QH501-531
    Subject code 950
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Copernicus Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  4. Article ; Online: Nutrient budgets for large Chinese estuaries

    S. M. Liu / G.-H. Hong / J. Zhang / X. W. Ye / X. L. Jiang

    Biogeosciences, Vol 6, Iss 10, Pp 2245-

    2009  Volume 2263

    Abstract: Chinese rivers deliver about 5–10% of global freshwater input and 15–20% of the global continental sediment to the world ocean. We report the riverine fluxes and concentrations of major nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon) in the rivers of the ... ...

    Abstract Chinese rivers deliver about 5–10% of global freshwater input and 15–20% of the global continental sediment to the world ocean. We report the riverine fluxes and concentrations of major nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon) in the rivers of the contiguous landmass of China and Korea in the northeast Asia. The rivers are generally enriched with dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and depleted in dissolved inorganic phosphate (PO 4 3− ) with very high DIN: PO 4 3− concentration ratios. DIN, phosphorus, and silicon levels and loads in rivers are mainly affected by agriculture activities and urbanization, anthropogenic activities and adsorption on particulates, and rock types, climate and physical denudation intensity, respectively. Nutrient transports by rivers in the summer are 3–4 times higher than those in the winter with the exception of NH 4 + . The flux of NH 4 + is rather constant throughout the year due to the anthropogenic sources such as the sewer discharge. As nutrient composition has changed in the rivers, ecosystems in estuaries and coastal sea have also changed in recent decades. Among the changes, a shift of limiting nutrients from phosphorus to nitrogen for phytoplankton production with urbanization is noticeable and in some areas silicon becomes the limiting nutrient for diatom productivity. A simple steady-state mass-balance box model was employed to assess nutrient budgets in the estuaries. The major Chinese estuaries export <15% of nitrogen, <6% of phosphorus required for phytoplankton production and ~4% of silicon required for diatom growth in the Chinese Seas (Bohai, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, South China Sea). This suggests that land-derived nutrients are largely confined to the immediate estuaries, and ecosystem in the coastal sea beyond the estuaries is mainly supported by other nutrient sources such as regeneration, open ocean and atmospheric deposition.
    Keywords Ecology ; QH540-549.5 ; Life ; QH501-531 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Copernicus Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  5. Article: Developing human capital for successful implementation of international marine scientific research projects

    Morrison, R.J / B. Avril / C.B. Lange / E.R. Urban / F. Zuo / F.G. Plumley / G.H. Hong / J. Hall / J. Machiwa / J. Zhang / L. Hu / M.L. San Diego-McGlone / S. Kidwai / T. Oguz / T. Yeemin / V. Ittekkot / V. Lobanov / W. Zhu

    Marine pollution bulletin. 2013 Dec. 15, v. 77, no. 1-2

    2013  

    Abstract: The oceans play a crucial role in the global environment and the sustainability of human populations, because of their involvement in climate regulation and provision of living and non-living resources to humans. Maintenance of healthy oceans in an era ... ...

    Abstract The oceans play a crucial role in the global environment and the sustainability of human populations, because of their involvement in climate regulation and provision of living and non-living resources to humans. Maintenance of healthy oceans in an era of increasing human pressure requires a high-level understanding of the processes occurring in the marine environment and the impacts of anthropogenic activities. Effective protection and sustainable resource management must be based, in part, on knowledge derived from successful research. Current marine research activities are being limited by a need for high-quality researchers capable of addressing critical issues in broad multidisciplinary research activities. This is particularly true for developing countries which will require the building of capacity for marine scientific research. This paper reviews the current activities aimed at increasing marine research capacity in developing and emerging countries and analyses the challenges faced, including: appropriate alignment of the research goals and societal and policy-relevant needs; training in multidisciplinary research; increasing capacity for overall synthesis of scientific data; building the capacity of technical staff; keeping highly qualified personnel in marine scientific research roles; cross-cultural issues in training; minimising duplication in training activities; improving linkages among human capital, project resources and infrastructure. Potential solutions to these challenges are provided, along with some priorities for action aimed at improving the overall research effort.
    Keywords anthropogenic activities ; climate ; developing countries ; environmental impact ; environmental sustainability ; human capital ; human population ; human resources ; humans ; infrastructure ; marine environment ; oceans ; research projects ; resource management ; water pollution
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2013-1215
    Size p. 11-22.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2001296-2
    ISSN 1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
    ISSN (online) 1879-3363
    ISSN 0025-326X
    DOI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.09.001
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Nutrient budgets for large Chinese estuaries

    S. M. Liu / G.-H. Hong / J. Zhang / X. W. Ye / X. L. Jiang

    Abstract: Chinese rivers deliver about 5–10% of global freshwater input and 15–20% of the global continental sediment to the world ocean. We report the riverine fluxes and concentrations of major nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon) in the rivers of the ... ...

    Abstract Chinese rivers deliver about 5–10% of global freshwater input and 15–20% of the global continental sediment to the world ocean. We report the riverine fluxes and concentrations of major nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon) in the rivers of the contiguous landmass of China and Korea in the northeast Asia. The rivers are generally enriched with dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and depleted in dissolved inorganic phosphate (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup>) with very high DIN: PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup> concentration ratios. DIN, phosphorus, and silicon levels and loads in rivers are mainly affected by agriculture activities and urbanization, anthropogenic activities and adsorption on particulates, and rock types, climate and physical denudation intensity, respectively. Nutrient transports by rivers in the summer are 3–4 times higher than those in the winter with the exception of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>. The flux of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> is rather constant throughout the year due to the anthropogenic sources such as the sewer discharge. As nutrient composition has changed in the rivers, ecosystems in estuaries and coastal sea have also changed in recent decades. Among the changes, a shift of limiting nutrients from phosphorus to nitrogen for phytoplankton production with urbanization is noticeable and in some areas silicon becomes the limiting nutrient for diatom productivity. A simple steady-state mass-balance box model was employed to assess nutrient budgets in the estuaries. The major Chinese estuaries export <15% of nitrogen, <6% of phosphorus required for phytoplankton production and ~4% of silicon required for diatom growth in the Chinese Seas (Bohai, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, South China Sea). This suggests that land-derived nutrients are largely confined to the immediate estuaries, and ecosystem in the coastal sea beyond the estuaries is mainly supported by other nutrient sources such as regeneration, open ocean and atmospheric deposition.
    Language English
    Document type Article
    Database AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  7. Article: Nutrient budgets for large Chinese estuaries and embayment

    S. M. Liu / G.-H. Hong / X. W. Ye / J. Zhang / X. L. Jiang

    Abstract: Nutrient concentrations among the Chinese rivers and bays vary 10–75 fold depending on nutrient elements. The silicic acid levels in South China rivers are higher than those from North China rivers and the yields of dissolved silicate increased from the ... ...

    Abstract Nutrient concentrations among the Chinese rivers and bays vary 10–75 fold depending on nutrient elements. The silicic acid levels in South China rivers are higher than those from North China rivers and the yields of dissolved silicate increased from the north to the south of China, indicating the effect of climate on weathering. The nutrient levels in Chinese rivers are higher than those from the large and less-disturbed world rivers such as Amazon and Zaire, but comparable to the values for European and North American polluted and eutrophic rivers like the Loire and Po. This may be ascribed to both of extensive leaching and influences from agricultural and domestic activities over the drainage basins of Chinese rivers. DIN:PO<sup>3−</sup><sub>4</sub> ratios in most of Chinese rivers and bays are higher (up to 2800) than the other rivers in the world. The atomic ratios of DIN to PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup> in the major Chinese rivers and embayment decrease in exponential trend with increase in the atomic ratios of PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup> to Si(OH)<sub>4</sub>, indicating that primary production in coastal environments changes with the nutrients transport when the urbanization develops to a certain extent, and the potential limited nutrient elements can be changed from phosphorus to nitrogen limitation, which can modify aquatic food webs and then the ocean ecosystem.

    A simple steady-state mass-balance box model was employed. The output shows that the estuaries and embayment behave as a sink or source of nutrients. For the major Chinese estuaries, both residual and mixing flow transport nutrients off the estuaries, and nutrient transport fluxes in summer is 3–4 fold that in winter except comparable for NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>. These fluxes are 1.0–1.7 fold that estimated by timing riverine nutrient concentrations and freshwater discharge. For the major Chinese embayment, nutrient elements are transported to China Seas except PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup> and Si(OH)<sub>4</sub> in Sanggou Bay and Jiaozhou Bay. Seasonally, nutrients transport fluxes off the bays in the summer are 2.2–7.0 fold that in the winter. In the embayment, the exchange flow dominated the water budgets, resulting in average system salinity approaching the China seas salinity where river discharge is limited. The major Chinese estuaries and embayment transport 1.0–3.1% of nitrogen, 0.2–0.5% of phosphorus and 3% of silicon necessary for phytoplankton growth for the China Seas. This demonstrates regenerated nutrients in water column and sediments and nutrients transport fluxes between the China Seas and open ocean play an important role for phytoplankton growth. Atmospheric deposition may be another important source of nutrients for the China Seas.
    Language English
    Document type Article
    Database AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

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