Article ; Online: Myocardium Metabolism in Physiological and Pathophysiological States: Implications of Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Potential Therapeutic Targets.
International journal of molecular sciences
2020 Volume 21, Issue 7
Abstract: The main energy substrate of adult cardiomyocytes for their contractility are the fatty acids. Its metabolism generates high ATP levels at the expense of high oxygen consumption in the mitochondria. Under low oxygen supply, they can get energy from other ...
| Abstract | The main energy substrate of adult cardiomyocytes for their contractility are the fatty acids. Its metabolism generates high ATP levels at the expense of high oxygen consumption in the mitochondria. Under low oxygen supply, they can get energy from other substrates, mainly glucose, lactate, ketone bodies, etc., but the mitochondrial dysfunction, in pathological conditions, reduces the oxidative metabolism. In consequence, fatty acids are stored into epicardial fat and its accumulation provokes inflammation, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress, which enhance the myocardium dysfunction. Some therapies focused on improvement the fatty acids entry into mitochondria have failed to demonstrate benefits on cardiovascular disorders. Oppositely, those therapies with effects on epicardial fat volume and inflammation might improve the oxidative metabolism of myocardium and might reduce the cardiovascular disease progression. This review aims at explain (a) the energy substrate adaptation of myocardium in physiological conditions, (b) the reduction of oxidative metabolism in pathological conditions and consequences on epicardial fat accumulation and insulin resistance, and (c) the reduction of cardiovascular outcomes after regulation by some therapies. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; Disease Management ; Disease Susceptibility ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Energy Metabolism/drug effects ; Heart/drug effects ; Heart/physiology ; Heart Diseases/drug therapy ; Heart Diseases/etiology ; Heart Diseases/metabolism ; Heart Diseases/physiopathology ; Hormones/metabolism ; Hormones/pharmacology ; Hormones/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Pericardium/metabolism |
| Chemical Substances | Biomarkers ; Hormones |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2020-04-10 |
| Publishing country | Switzerland |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Review |
| ZDB-ID | 2019364-6 |
| ISSN | 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596 |
| ISSN (online) | 1422-0067 |
| ISSN | 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596 |
| DOI | 10.3390/ijms21072641 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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