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  1. Article ; Online: Pharmacokinetics of remimazolam after intravenous infusion in anaesthetised children.

    Gao, Yu-Qing / Ihmsen, Harald / Hu, Zhi-Yan / Sun, Wei / Fang, Yu-Bo / Wang, Zhen / Schüttler, Jürgen / Jeleazcov, Christian / Liu, Hua-Cheng

    British journal of anaesthesia

    2023  Volume 131, Issue 5, Page(s) 914–920

    Abstract: Background: The pharmacokinetic properties of the new benzodiazepine remimazolam have been studied only in adults. We investigated the pharmacokinetics of remimazolam after i.v. infusion in anaesthetised paediatric patients.: Methods: Twenty-four ... ...

    Abstract Background: The pharmacokinetic properties of the new benzodiazepine remimazolam have been studied only in adults. We investigated the pharmacokinetics of remimazolam after i.v. infusion in anaesthetised paediatric patients.
    Methods: Twenty-four children (2-6 yr, ASA physical status 1-2, BMI 15-18 kg m
    Results: Pharmacokinetics were best described by a three-compartment model for remimazolam and a two-compartment model for CNS7054 linked by a transit compartment. Remimazolam showed a high clearance of 15.9 (12.9, 18.2) ml kg
    Conclusions: Remimazolam in children was characterised by a high clearance and short context-sensitive half-time. When normalised to weight, pharmacokinetic properties were similar to those reported for adults.
    Clinical trial registration: ChiCTR2200057629.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Anesthesia, General ; Benzodiazepines ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Kinetics
    Chemical Substances Benzodiazepines (12794-10-4) ; remimazolam (7V4A8U16MB)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80074-0
    ISSN 1471-6771 ; 0007-0912
    ISSN (online) 1471-6771
    ISSN 0007-0912
    DOI 10.1016/j.bja.2023.08.019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: [Intervention of ERRα Expression on Apoptosis Induction of Multiple Myeloma MM.1S Cells Cultured in Vitro].

    Zhang, Rui-Xi / Gao, Yu-Qing / Lei, Lei / Wu, De-Pei / Zhu, Ting-Ting / Chu, Jian-Hong

    Zhongguo shi yan xue ye xue za zhi

    2022  Volume 30, Issue 2, Page(s) 476–480

    Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of two different approaches ERRα strategy on the apoptosis in multiple myeloma cell line MM.1S.: Methods: For the one strategy, shRNA was mediated by lentivirus. Stable cell clones were established by transfecting ...

    Abstract Objective: To investigate the effect of two different approaches ERRα strategy on the apoptosis in multiple myeloma cell line MM.1S.
    Methods: For the one strategy, shRNA was mediated by lentivirus. Stable cell clones were established by transfecting the lentivirus into MM.1S cells and screened by puromycin. For the other strategy, XCT790, a specific reverse agonist of ERRα, was used to treat MM.1S cells. The apoptosis of the cells was analyzed by flow cytometry after ERRα was down-regulated. Western blot assay was used to detect the apoptosis of related proteins.
    Results: The knocked down ERRα was achieved, lentivirus with shERRα were successfully infected into MM.1S and ERRα was reduced significantly. Knockdown of ERRα could induce MM.1S cell apoptosis dramatically. Meanwhile, the expression of cleaved PARP (a kind of apoptosis related markers) was significantly increased following depletion of ERRα in MM.1S cells. XCT790 could significantly down-regulate the expression of ERRα protein in MM.1S cells, which was consistent with the effect caused by shRNA.
    Conclusion: Interference the expression of ERRα by shRNA or XCT790 can induce apparent apoptosis in MM.1S cells, which indicating that ERRα is crucial for the survival of myeloma cells.
    MeSH term(s) Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; Multiple Myeloma ; RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology ; Receptors, Estrogen ; ERRalpha Estrogen-Related Receptor
    Chemical Substances RNA, Small Interfering ; Receptors, Estrogen
    Language Chinese
    Publishing date 2022-04-08
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2404306-0
    ISSN 1009-2137
    ISSN 1009-2137
    DOI 10.19746/j.cnki.issn.1009-2137.2022.02.025
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  3. Article ; Online: Correlative relationship between body mass index and heart rate variability in psychiatric disorders.

    Wang, WenZheng / Zhou, LinLin / Hu, Qiang / Gao, YuQing / Wei, YanYan / Tang, XiaoChen / Hu, YeGang / Xu, LiHua / Liu, HaiChun / Wang, ZiXuan / Chen, Tao / Li, ChunBo / Wu, HaiSu / Wang, JiJun / Zhang, TianHong

    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: Indicators of heart rate variability (HRV) have been used to assess the autonomic activity. However, the influence of obesity on HRV in these patients remains to be determined. This study aimed to examine how obesity (measured with the body ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Indicators of heart rate variability (HRV) have been used to assess the autonomic activity. However, the influence of obesity on HRV in these patients remains to be determined. This study aimed to examine how obesity (measured with the body mass index [BMI]) affects HRV and determine whether the effect varies among different psychiatric disorders. We recruited 3159 consecutive patients, including 1744 with schizophrenia, 966 with mood disorders, and 449 with anxiety disorders. Patients were divided into four groups based on BMI: underweight (< 18.5), normal weight (18.5-23.9), overweight (24-27.9), and obese (≥ 28). The cardiovascular status was assessed using several time- and frequency-based HRV indicators, measured via electrocardiogram signals recorded for 5 min. The mean BMI of the participants was 23.6 ± 4.0. The patients in the overweight and obese groups were 29.4% and 13.6% of the total, respectively. The HRV indicators were higher in underweight and normal-weight patients than in the overweight and obese ones. After stratification based on the psychiatric diagnosis, the patients with mood disorders showed lower HRV than those with schizophrenia or anxiety disorder in the normal-weight group. In contrast, in the overweight and obese groups the patients with mood disorders showed higher HRV than those with the other disorders. The HRV variables were significantly associated with BMI, and higher BMI was associated with higher heart rates and lower HRV. These results indicate that weight gain in psychiatric disorders is associated with an imbalance in autonomic nerve activity. However, the relationship between autonomic activity, weight gain, and psychiatric disorders warrants further investigation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1045583-8
    ISSN 1433-8491 ; 0175-758X ; 0940-1334
    ISSN (online) 1433-8491
    ISSN 0175-758X ; 0940-1334
    DOI 10.1007/s00406-024-01768-1
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  4. Article ; Online: Quantitative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal the potential maintenance mechanism of female adult reproductive diapause in Chrysoperla nipponensis

    Chen, Zhen‐Zhen / Wang, Xiao / Kong, Xue / Zhao, Yue‐Ming / Xu, Ming‐Hui / Gao, Yu‐Qing / Huang, Hai‐Yi / Liu, Fang‐Hua / Wang, Su / Xu, Yong‐Yu / Kang, Zhi‐Wei

    Pest Management Science. 2023 May, v. 79, no. 5 p.1897-1911

    2023  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: The green lacewing Chrysoperla nipponensis is an important natural enemy of many insect pests and exhibits reproductive diapause to overwinter. Our previous studies showed that adult C. nipponensis enters reproductive diapause under a short‐ ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: The green lacewing Chrysoperla nipponensis is an important natural enemy of many insect pests and exhibits reproductive diapause to overwinter. Our previous studies showed that adult C. nipponensis enters reproductive diapause under a short‐day photoperiod. However, the molecular mechanism underlying diapause maintenance in C. nipponensis is still unknown. RESULTS: The total lipid and triglyceride content showed the reservation and degradation of energy during diapause in C. nipponensis. Thus, we performed combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of female reproductive diapause in C. nipponensis at three ecophysiological phases (initiation, maintenance and termination). A total of 64 388 unigenes and 5532 proteins were identified from the transcriptome and proteome. In‐depth dissection of the gene‐expression dynamics revealed that differentially expressed genes and proteins were predominately involved in the lipid and carbohydrate metabolic pathways, in particular fatty acid metabolism, metabolic pathways and the citrate cycle. Among of these genes, TIM, CLK, JHAMT2, PMK, HMGS, HMGR, FKBP39, Kr‐h1, Phm, ECR, IR1, ILP3, ILP4, mTOR, ACC, LSD1 and LSD2 were differentially expressed in diapause and non‐diapause female adults of C. nipponensis. The expression patterns of these genes were consistent with the occurrence of vitellogenesis and expression of either Vg or VgR. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that diapause adult C. nipponensis accumulate energy resources to overwinter. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses suggested candidate key genes involved in the maintenance of C. nipponensis during adult reproductive diapause. Taken together, these results provide in‐depth knowledge to understand the maintenance mechanism of C. nipponensis during adult reproductive diapause. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
    Keywords Chrysoperla ; adults ; carbohydrates ; diapause ; dissection ; ecophysiology ; energy ; fatty acid metabolism ; females ; gene expression ; gene expression regulation ; insects ; natural enemies ; pest management ; proteome ; proteomics ; transcriptome ; transcriptomics ; triacylglycerols ; tricarboxylic acid cycle ; unigenes ; vitellogenesis
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-05
    Size p. 1897-1911.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2001705-4
    ISSN 1526-4998 ; 1526-498X
    ISSN (online) 1526-4998
    ISSN 1526-498X
    DOI 10.1002/ps.7375
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  5. Article ; Online: Serum complement proteins rather than inflammatory factors is effective in predicting psychosis in individuals at clinical high risk.

    Zhang, TianHong / Zeng, JiaHui / Ye, JiaYi / Gao, YuQing / Hu, YeGang / Xu, LiHua / Wei, YanYan / Tang, XiaoChen / Liu, HaiChun / Chen, Tao / Li, ChunBo / Wan, ChunLing / Wang, JiJun

    Translational psychiatry

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 9

    Abstract: Immunological/inflammatory factors are implicated in the development of psychosis. Complement is a key driver of inflammation; however, it remains unknown which factor is better at predicting the onset of psychosis. This study aimed to compare the ... ...

    Abstract Immunological/inflammatory factors are implicated in the development of psychosis. Complement is a key driver of inflammation; however, it remains unknown which factor is better at predicting the onset of psychosis. This study aimed to compare the alteration and predictive performance of inflammation and complement in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR). We enrolled 49 individuals at CHR and 26 healthy controls (HCs). Twenty-five patients at CHR had converted to psychosis (converter) by the 3-year follow-up. Inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, 6, 8, 10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), macrophage colony-stimulating factor levels, and complement proteins (C1q, C2, C3, C3b, C4, C4b, C5, C5a, factor B, D, I, H) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline. Except for TNF- alpha, none of the inflammatory cytokines reached a significant level in either the comparison of CHR individuals and HC or between CHR-converters and non-converters. The C5, C3, D, I, and H levels were significantly lower (C5, p = 0.006; C3, p = 0.009; D, p = 0.026; I, p = 0.016; H, p = 0.019) in the CHR group than in the HC group. Compared to non-converters, converters had significantly lower levels of C5 (p = 0.012) and C5a (p = 0.007). None of the inflammatory factors, but many complement factors, showed significant correlations with changes in general function and symptoms. None of the inflammatory markers, except for C5a and C5, were significant in the discrimination of conversion outcomes in CHR individuals. Our results suggest that altered complement levels in the CHR population are more associated with conversion to psychosis than inflammatory factors. Therefore, an activated complement system may precede the first-episode of psychosis and contribute to neurological pathogenesis at the CHR stage.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cytokines/blood ; Cytokines/chemistry ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Psychotic Disorders/blood ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis ; Risk Factors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Complement System Proteins/chemistry ; Complement C1q/chemistry ; Complement C3b/chemistry ; Complement C4b/chemistry ; Complement C5b/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Complement System Proteins (9007-36-7) ; Complement C1q (80295-33-6) ; Complement C3b (80295-43-8) ; Complement C4b (80295-50-7) ; Complement C5b (80295-55-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2609311-X
    ISSN 2158-3188 ; 2158-3188
    ISSN (online) 2158-3188
    ISSN 2158-3188
    DOI 10.1038/s41398-022-02305-1
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  6. Article: The safety and efficacy of remimazolam tosylate for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in pediatric patients undergoing elective surgery: Study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, single-blind, positive-controlled clinical trial.

    Fang, Yu-Bo / Wang, Cheng-Yu / Gao, Yu-Qing / Cai, Yu-Hang / Chen, Jia / Zhang, Xu-Lin / Dong, Le-Qi / Shang-Guan, Wang-Ning / Liu, Hua-Cheng

    Frontiers in pharmacology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1090608

    Abstract: Introduction: ...

    Abstract Introduction:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587355-6
    ISSN 1663-9812
    ISSN 1663-9812
    DOI 10.3389/fphar.2023.1090608
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  7. Article ; Online: Quantitative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal the potential maintenance mechanism of female adult reproductive diapause in Chrysoperla nipponensis.

    Chen, Zhen-Zhen / Wang, Xiao / Kong, Xue / Zhao, Yue-Ming / Xu, Ming-Hui / Gao, Yu-Qing / Huang, Hai-Yi / Liu, Fang-Hua / Wang, Su / Xu, Yong-Yu / Kang, Zhi-Wei

    Pest management science

    2023  Volume 79, Issue 5, Page(s) 1897–1911

    Abstract: Background: The green lacewing Chrysoperla nipponensis is an important natural enemy of many insect pests and exhibits reproductive diapause to overwinter. Our previous studies showed that adult C. nipponensis enters reproductive diapause under a short- ... ...

    Abstract Background: The green lacewing Chrysoperla nipponensis is an important natural enemy of many insect pests and exhibits reproductive diapause to overwinter. Our previous studies showed that adult C. nipponensis enters reproductive diapause under a short-day photoperiod. However, the molecular mechanism underlying diapause maintenance in C. nipponensis is still unknown.
    Results: The total lipid and triglyceride content showed the reservation and degradation of energy during diapause in C. nipponensis. Thus, we performed combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of female reproductive diapause in C. nipponensis at three ecophysiological phases (initiation, maintenance and termination). A total of 64 388 unigenes and 5532 proteins were identified from the transcriptome and proteome. In-depth dissection of the gene-expression dynamics revealed that differentially expressed genes and proteins were predominately involved in the lipid and carbohydrate metabolic pathways, in particular fatty acid metabolism, metabolic pathways and the citrate cycle. Among of these genes, TIM, CLK, JHAMT2, PMK, HMGS, HMGR, FKBP39, Kr-h1, Phm, ECR, IR1, ILP3, ILP4, mTOR, ACC, LSD1 and LSD2 were differentially expressed in diapause and non-diapause female adults of C. nipponensis. The expression patterns of these genes were consistent with the occurrence of vitellogenesis and expression of either Vg or VgR.
    Conclusion: Our findings indicated that diapause adult C. nipponensis accumulate energy resources to overwinter. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses suggested candidate key genes involved in the maintenance of C. nipponensis during adult reproductive diapause. Taken together, these results provide in-depth knowledge to understand the maintenance mechanism of C. nipponensis during adult reproductive diapause. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Transcriptome ; Proteomics/methods ; Diapause, Insect/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; Lipids
    Chemical Substances Lipids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2001705-4
    ISSN 1526-4998 ; 1526-498X
    ISSN (online) 1526-4998
    ISSN 1526-498X
    DOI 10.1002/ps.7375
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  8. Article ; Online: Heart rate variability in patients with psychiatric disorders from adolescence to adulthood.

    Zhang, TianHong / Zhou, LinLin / Wei, YanYan / Tang, XiaoChen / Gao, YuQing / Hu, YeGang / Xu, LiHua / Chen, Tao / Liu, HaiChun / Li, ChunBo / Lu, Zheng / Wang, JiJun

    General hospital psychiatry

    2023  Volume 84, Page(s) 179–187

    Abstract: Objective: Age is associated with changes in autonomic nervous system activity. These changes are assessed using heart rate variability(HRV) indicators; however, the effect of age on HRV in patients with psychiatric disorders remains unclear. Our study ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Age is associated with changes in autonomic nervous system activity. These changes are assessed using heart rate variability(HRV) indicators; however, the effect of age on HRV in patients with psychiatric disorders remains unclear. Our study aimed to explore this effect and determine its variance across different lifespans.
    Method: Consecutive patients(N = 3315), comprising 1833 patients with psychotic disorders, 1040 with mood disorders, and 442 with anxiety disorders, were recruited. The patients were divided into four age groups: adolescence(10-24 years), early adulthood(25-39 years), middle adulthood(40-59 years), and late adulthood(60+ years). HRV indicators were measured during a 5-min rest period.
    Results: The heart rate and HRV indices were higher in the adolescent and early adulthood groups than they were in the middle and late adulthood groups(increased HRV is beneficial for health, while reduced HRV is detrimental). Age and all the HRV indices were negatively correlated(r-values 0.153-0.350, p < 0.001), with these correlation patterns being more evident in the adolescent and early adulthood groups than in the middle and late adulthood groups. Stratified by sex, the low-frequency/high-frequency ratio was higher in men than in women across most age groups(p < 0.05), except the late adulthood group(p = 0.085). Stratified by diagnosis, most HRV variables(except very low-frequency) were lower in the psychotic disorder group than they were in the mood and anxiety disorder groups, especially in middle and late adulthood patients. After adjusting for confounders, the HRV variables were significantly associated with age, while older age was associated with lower HRV.
    Conclusions: These results indicate that the substantial reduction in HRV with age in patients with psychiatric disorders. The association remains significant after correction for sex, heart rate, and diagnoses; this may prove useful to clinical practice and further research.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Female ; Child ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Psychotic Disorders ; Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology ; Autonomic Nervous System
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392299-6
    ISSN 1873-7714 ; 0163-8343
    ISSN (online) 1873-7714
    ISSN 0163-8343
    DOI 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.08.002
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  9. Article: Genome-Wide Identification of Neuropeptides and Their Receptors in an Aphid Endoparasitoid Wasp, Aphidius gifuensi

    Kong, Xue / Li, Zhen-Xiang / Gao, Yu-Qing / Liu, Fang-Hua / Chen, Zhen-Zhen / Tian, Hong-Gang / Liu, Tong-Xian / Xu, Yong-Yu / Kang, Zhi-Wei

    Insects. 2021 Aug. 18, v. 12, no. 8

    2021  

    Abstract: In insects, neuropeptides and their receptors not only play a critical role in insect physiology and behavior but also are the potential targets for novel pesticide discoveries. Aphidius gifuensis is one of the most important and widespread aphid ... ...

    Abstract In insects, neuropeptides and their receptors not only play a critical role in insect physiology and behavior but also are the potential targets for novel pesticide discoveries. Aphidius gifuensis is one of the most important and widespread aphid parasitoids, and has been successfully used to control aphid. In the present work, we systematically identified neuropeptides and their receptors from the genome and head transcriptome of A. gifuensis. A total of 35 neuropeptide precursors and 49 corresponding receptors were identified. The phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that 35 of these receptors belong to family-A, four belong to family-B, two belong to leucine-rich repeat-containing GPCRs, four belong to receptor guanylyl cyclases, and four belong to receptor tyrosine kinases. Oral ingestion of imidacloprid significantly up-regulated five neuropeptide precursors and four receptors whereas three neuropeptide precursors and eight receptors were significantly down-regulated, which indicated that these neuropeptides and their receptors are potential targets of some commercial insecticides. The RT-qPCR results showed that dopamine receptor 1, dopamine receptor 2, octopamine receptor, allatostatin-A receptor, neuropeptides capa receptor, SIFamide receptor, FMRFamide receptor, tyramine receptor and short neuropeptide F predominantly were expressed in the head whilst the expression of ion transport peptide showed widespread distribution in various tissues. The high expression levels of these genes suggest their important roles in the central nervous system. Taken together, our study provides fundamental information that may further our understanding of neuropeptidergic signaling systems in the regulation of the physiology and behavior of solitary wasps. Furthermore, this information could also aid in the design and discovery of specific and environment-friendly insecticides.
    Keywords Aphidius ; Aphidoidea ; central nervous system ; dopamine receptors ; endoparasitoids ; head ; imidacloprid ; ingestion ; insect physiology ; neuropeptides ; octopamine ; phylogeny ; receptor protein-tyrosine kinase ; transcriptome ; tyramine
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0818
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2662247-6
    ISSN 2075-4450
    ISSN 2075-4450
    DOI 10.3390/insects12080745
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  10. Article: Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Subtypes of Clinical High Risk Individuals: A Prospective Cohort Study.

    Ye, JiaYi / Wei, YanYan / Zeng, JiaHui / Gao, YuQing / Tang, XiaoChen / Xu, LiHua / Hu, YeGang / Liu, XiaoHua / Liu, HaiChun / Chen, Tao / Li, ChunBo / Zeng, LingYun / Wang, JiJun / Zhang, TianHong

    Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment

    2023  Volume 19, Page(s) 1711–1723

    Abstract: Introduction: Numerous studies have established the roles of inflammation and angioneurins in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SCZ). This study aimed to compare the serum levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and vascular endothelial growth factor ( ...

    Abstract Introduction: Numerous studies have established the roles of inflammation and angioneurins in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SCZ). This study aimed to compare the serum levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis or SCZ at baseline and one year after treatment.
    Methods: A total of 289 CHR participants from the Shanghai At Risk for Psychosis Extended Program (SHARP) were tracked for a year. They were divided into two and four subtypes based on symptom severity according to the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS) and received standard medical care. At baseline and one-year follow-up, TNF-α and VEGF were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and pathological features were assessed using the Global Assessment of Function (GAF) score.
    Results: Baseline TNF-α levels did not differ significantly, while VEGF levels were lower in patients with more severe symptoms. VEGF showed a negative correlation with negative features, both overall (r = -0.212, p = 0.010) and in the subgroup with higher positive scores (r = -0.370, p = 0.005). TNF-α was positively correlated with negative symptoms in the subgroup with higher negative scores (r = 0.352, p = 0.002). A three-way multivariate analysis of variance demonstrated that participants in Subtype 1 of positive or negative symptoms performed better than those in Subtype 2, with significant main effects and interactions of group and both cytokines.
    Discussion: TNF-α and VEGF levels are higher and lower, respectively, in CHR patients with more severe clinical symptoms, particularly negative symptoms, which point to a worsening inflammatory and vascular status in the brain.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-31
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2186503-6
    ISSN 1178-2021 ; 1176-6328
    ISSN (online) 1178-2021
    ISSN 1176-6328
    DOI 10.2147/NDT.S418381
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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