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  1. Article ; Online: Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Prevalence and Incidence of Bacterial Gastroenteritis in Spain, 2019-2022.

    Maldonado-Barrueco, Alfredo / García-Rodríguez, Julio / Ruiz-Carrascoso, Guillermo

    Foodborne pathogens and disease

    2024  

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against SARS-CoV-2 on bacterial gastroenteritis illnesses (BGIs), ... ...

    Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against SARS-CoV-2 on bacterial gastroenteritis illnesses (BGIs), including
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2148479-X
    ISSN 1556-7125 ; 1535-3141
    ISSN (online) 1556-7125
    ISSN 1535-3141
    DOI 10.1089/fpd.2023.0124
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  2. Article ; Online: Isolation of filamentous basidiomycetes from respiratory samples in a tertiary care Spanish hospital.

    Falces-Romero, Iker / Quiles-Melero, Inmaculada / García-Rodríguez, Julio

    Revista iberoamericana de micologia

    2024  Volume 40, Issue 4, Page(s) 51–53

    Abstract: Background: The clinical significance of the filamentous basidiomycetes isolated from clinical samples is not always clear. Thus, these fungi have been considered environmental contaminants traditionally.: Aims: To review those clinical cases in ... ...

    Abstract Background: The clinical significance of the filamentous basidiomycetes isolated from clinical samples is not always clear. Thus, these fungi have been considered environmental contaminants traditionally.
    Aims: To review those clinical cases in which filamentous basidiomycetes from respiratory samples had been isolated.
    Methods: The retrospective study was carried out in a single tertiary care hospital. We recovered all culture-confirmed isolations of filamentous basidiomycetes from respiratory samples (bronchial aspirate [BAS], bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL] and sputum) analyzed between the years 2020 and 2023. Isolates were identified by ITS region sequencing.
    Results: In six patients a filamentous basidiomycete had been isolated from a respiratory sample. The species identified were all different: Fomitopsis sp. (BAS), Trametes ljubarskyi (BAL), Stereum gausapatum (BAS), Porostereum spadiaceum (BAS), Phlebia subserialis (sputum) and Inonotus levis (BAL). All the patients were immunosuppressed or had an underlying disease with pulmonary involvement. None of them received any specific antifungal treatment (in relation with the fungus isolated) and all six improved clinically and were discharged.
    Conclusions: The isolation of filamentous basidiomycetes in these patients had uncertain clinical significance. However, the isolation of any filamentous basidiomycete in respiratory samples from immunosuppressed patients or patients with chronic pulmonary disease is an emerging situation that should be carefully assessed in the context of chronic allergic episodes or suspicion of invasive fungal infections.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tertiary Healthcare ; Trametes ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Sputum/microbiology ; Hospitals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-06
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2173-9188
    ISSN (online) 2173-9188
    DOI 10.1016/j.riam.2023.11.001
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  3. Article ; Online: Clinical and microbiological findings of recurrent Campylobacter spp. gastroenteritis in a tertiary care hospital.

    García-Sánchez, Consuelo / García-Rodríguez, Julio / Ruiz-Carrascoso, Guillermo

    Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

    2023  

    Abstract: Introduction: Campylobacter spp. is the leading cause of bacterial enteritis in industrialized countries, but the literature about its recurrence is scarce. The objective of this study is to analyze a case series of recurrent campylobacteriosis in adult ...

    Abstract Introduction: Campylobacter spp. is the leading cause of bacterial enteritis in industrialized countries, but the literature about its recurrence is scarce. The objective of this study is to analyze a case series of recurrent campylobacteriosis in adult and pediatric patients.
    Methods: During a two-year period, the demographic, clinical and microbiological data were collected retrospectively from patients who met the clinical criteria of recurrent Campylobacter spp. gastroenteritis. Enteropathogens were identified by a multiplex-PCR gastrointestinal pathogens panel. When Campylobacter spp. was detected, the stool sample was cultured in specific medium and tested for antibiotic susceptibility.
    Results: Twenty-four (2.03%) out of 1180 patients with Campylobacter spp. positive-PCR met the inclusion criteria. Thirteen patients suffered from underlying diseases, and 11 had no known risk factors but they were all pediatric patients. From the 24 patients were documented 70 episodes. One patient had two episodes of bacteremia. Coinfection/co-detection with other enteropathogens was found in 10 patients being Giardia intestinalis the most frequent. Twelve (22.6%) out of 53 isolates were resistant to macrolides. One patient had two isolates of multi-drug resistant C. coli, only susceptible to gentamicin.
    Conclusion: The results suggest the presence of underlying diseases in most adult patients with recurrent Campylobacter spp. infections, particularly primary immunodeficiency. Most of the pediatric patients with recurrent campylobacteriosis lack of known risk factors. Concomitant detection with other enteropathogens was common. The resistance to macrolides was much higher as compared with previous reported rates.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2529-993X
    ISSN (online) 2529-993X
    DOI 10.1016/j.eimce.2022.09.013
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  4. Article ; Online: Diagnosis of gastrointestinal infections: comparison between traditional microbiology and a commercial syndromic molecular-based panel.

    Ligero-López, Jorge / García-Rodríguez, Julio / Ruiz-Carrascoso, Guillermo

    FEMS microbiology letters

    2023  Volume 370

    Abstract: Traditional diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis is based on culture, microscopy and antigen detection. The development of gastrointestinal syndromic panels based on molecular techniques have allowed rapid and simultaneous identification of multiple ... ...

    Abstract Traditional diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis is based on culture, microscopy and antigen detection. The development of gastrointestinal syndromic panels based on molecular techniques have allowed rapid and simultaneous identification of multiple pathogens. The objective was to evaluate the implementation of Allplex™ Gastrointestinal Panel Assays (AGPA): Allplex™ GI-Virus, Allplex™ GI-Bacteria (I) and Allplex™ GI-Parasite by comparing with traditional diagnosis. A retrospective comparative study was conducted at Hospital Universitario La Paz, between the first year of implementation of the AGPA (April 1, 2018 to March 31, 2019) and the results obtained during the previous year with traditional methods (April 1, 2017 to March 31, 2018). With the implementation of AGPA we obtained an increase in the detection of rotavirus and adenovirus, being statistically significant for rotavirus ([CI95%:3.60-6.79]; P < 0.05) and an increase in the positivity rates of all the bacteria tested, with the exception of Salmonella spp. ([CI95%:3.60-6.79]; P < 0.05). Comparing the bacteria recovered by culture, we obtained an increase in the case of Shigella spp. cultivation during the AGPA period. Regarding protozoa, we achieved a significant increase in the positivity rates for Cryptosporidium spp. ([CI95%:1.98-3.01] P < 0.05), Giardia intestinalis ([CI95%:3.94-5.25]; P < 0.05) and Blastocystis spp. ([CI95%:9.44-11.36]; P < 0.05). There was an improvement in report turnaround time when comparing molecular diagnosis to bacterial culture and concentration plus microscopy for parasites; but not compared with antigen detection. The molecular diagnosis approach with AGPA were more sensitive and had a faster turnaround time for some targets, and in our setting, enabled an increased diagnostic capacity for viruses and protozoa.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Cryptosporidiosis/diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Feces/microbiology ; Cryptosporidium/genetics ; Gastroenteritis/microbiology ; Communicable Diseases ; Bacteria/genetics ; Viruses/genetics ; Parasites/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 752343-9
    ISSN 1574-6968 ; 0378-1097
    ISSN (online) 1574-6968
    ISSN 0378-1097
    DOI 10.1093/femsle/fnad122
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  5. Article ; Online: Antifúngicos de uso sistémico.

    Quiles-Melero, Inmaculada / García-Rodríguez, Julio

    Revista iberoamericana de micologia

    2021  Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 42–46

    Abstract: Invasive fungal infections have increased over the last decades and the therapeutic choices to treat them are limited. The antifungal agents currently available are useful and have optimal in vitro activity; however, their activity can be lowered due to ... ...

    Title translation Systemic antifungal drugs.
    Abstract Invasive fungal infections have increased over the last decades and the therapeutic choices to treat them are limited. The antifungal agents currently available are useful and have optimal in vitro activity; however, their activity can be lowered due to the development of fungal resistance. The increase in primary or secondary resistance to some antifungal drugs has led to the search of alternatives such as the combination of drugs or the development of new antifungals. In this paper, the activity of the main families of antifungal drugs, polyenes, azoles, echinocandins, 5-fluorocytosine and other new antifungal drugs, are reviewed. The main resistance mechanisms developed by fungi are also described.
    MeSH term(s) Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Azoles ; Echinocandins ; Humans ; Mycoses/drug therapy ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Azoles ; Echinocandins ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Language Spanish
    Publishing date 2021-07-20
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2173-9188
    ISSN (online) 2173-9188
    DOI 10.1016/j.riam.2021.04.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Are cerebrospinal fluid biochemical parameters valid to predict positive results in microbiological molecular diagnostic platforms? A 4-year experience with the FilmArray® Panel Meningitis/Encephalitis for detection of community-acquired bacterial meningitis.

    García-Sánchez, Consuelo / Bloise, Iván / García-Rodríguez, Julio / Cendejas-Bueno, Emilio

    Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

    2023  Volume 107, Issue 3, Page(s) 116031

    Abstract: Objective: To demonstrate whether the use of the FilmArray® Meningitis/Encephalitis panel (M/E) in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis can be optimized based on the screening of cerebrospinal fluid biochemical parameters and whether there is a ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To demonstrate whether the use of the FilmArray® Meningitis/Encephalitis panel (M/E) in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis can be optimized based on the screening of cerebrospinal fluid biochemical parameters and whether there is a correlation between biochemical data and positive results of the technique.
    Material and methods: We used data from La Paz University Hospital between September 5, 2017 and December 1, 2021, from patients who had had the FilmArray® panel M/E performed on cerebrospinal fluid samples.
    Results: Bacterial meningitis was suspected in 63.9% of the patients; 38.15% had a positive result on the FilmArray® panel M/E, of which 68.97% were isolated in culture. Of the biochemical parameters studied in cerebrospinal fluid, white blood cell count, lactate, and protein were increased in PCR-positive patients, but glucose was decreased.
    Discussion: Only lactate showed a significant contribution to the model, with a cut-off point of 4.65 mmol/L with a sensitivity of 81.5% and a specificity of 96.4%.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Meningitis/diagnosis ; Encephalitis/diagnosis ; Pathology, Molecular ; Bacteria ; Viruses ; Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnosis ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Cerebrospinal Fluid/microbiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604920-5
    ISSN 1879-0070 ; 0732-8893
    ISSN (online) 1879-0070
    ISSN 0732-8893
    DOI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116031
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  7. Article ; Online: Staphylococcus aureus

    Falces-Romero, Iker / Bloise, Iván / García-Rodríguez, Julio / Cendejas-Bueno, Emilio

    Medicina clinica (English ed.)

    2023  Volume 160, Issue 11, Page(s) 495–498

    Abstract: Objectives: The aim was to compare the incidence of : Material and methods: Retrospective study in our tertiary-care centre reviewing : Results: In 2018 and 2019, the incidence of : Conclusions: We showed a significantly high rates ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The aim was to compare the incidence of
    Material and methods: Retrospective study in our tertiary-care centre reviewing
    Results: In 2018 and 2019, the incidence of
    Conclusions: We showed a significantly high rates of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-11
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2387-0206
    ISSN (online) 2387-0206
    DOI 10.1016/j.medcle.2023.05.007
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  8. Article ; Online: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    Falces-Romero, Iker / Bloise, Iván / García-Rodríguez, Julio / Cendejas-Bueno, Emilio

    Medicina clinica

    2023  Volume 160, Issue 11, Page(s) 495–498

    Abstract: Objectives: The aim was to compare the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 adult patients during the pandemic period versus the previous two years. Also, we described the characteristics of both cohorts of patients ...

    Abstract Objectives: The aim was to compare the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 adult patients during the pandemic period versus the previous two years. Also, we described the characteristics of both cohorts of patients in pandemic period to find differences.
    Material and methods: Retrospective study in our tertiary-care centre reviewing S. aureus bacteremia episodes in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients through clinical records and the Microbiology Department database.
    Results: In 2018 and 2019, the incidence of S. aureus bacteremia episodes was 1.95 and 1.63 per 1000 admissions respectively. In the pandemic period, global incidence was 1.96 episodes per 1000 non-COVID-19 admissions and 10.59 episodes per 1000 COVID-19 admissions. A total of 241 bacteremia was registered during this pandemic period in 74 COVID-19 patients and in 167 non-COVID-19 patients. Methicillin resistance was detected in 32.4% and 13.8% of isolates from COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients respectively. In COVID-19 patients, mortality rates were significantly higher.
    Conclusions: We showed a significantly high rates of S. aureus bacteremia incidence in COVID-19 patients and higher methicillin resistance and 15-day mortality rates than in non-COVID-19 patients.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Retrospective Studies ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology ; Bacteremia/epidemiology ; Bacteremia/microbiology ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    Language Spanish
    Publishing date 2023-01-30
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 411607-0
    ISSN 1578-8989 ; 0025-7753
    ISSN (online) 1578-8989
    ISSN 0025-7753
    DOI 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.01.012
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  9. Article ; Online: A Tale of Two Hospitals: Comparing CAPA Infections in Two ICUs During the Spanish Fourth Pandemic Wave.

    Sánchez-Castellano, Miguel Ángel / Marcelo, Cristina / Marco, Javier / Figueira-Iglesias, Juan Carlos / García-Rodríguez, Julio

    Mycopathologia

    2023  Volume 188, Issue 4, Page(s) 335–344

    Abstract: Purpose: COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a new clinical entity linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection that is causing a rise on the risk of complications and mortality, particularly in critical patients.: Methods: We compared diagnostic ...

    Abstract Purpose: COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a new clinical entity linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection that is causing a rise on the risk of complications and mortality, particularly in critical patients.
    Methods: We compared diagnostic and clinical features in two cohorts of patients with severe COVID-19 admitted in the intensive care units (ICU) of two different hospitals in Madrid, Spain, between February and June 2021. Clinical and microbiological relevant aspects for CAPA diagnosis were collected for further classification. CAPA was classified as colonization, possible, probable, proven, and tracheobronchial aspergillosis according to the ECMM/ISHAM consensus, with some modifications to consider tracheobronchial aspirate as sample comparable to non-bronchoscopic lavages (NBL).
    Results: 56 patients admitted in HULP (Hospital Universitario La Paz) ICU and 61 patients admitted in HEEIZ (Hospital de Emergencias Isabel Zendal) ICU had clinical suspicion of invasive fungal disease in the context of COVID-19 infection. Cultures were positive for Aspergillus spp. in 32 patients. According to 2020 European Confederation of Medical Mycology and the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ECMM/ISHAM) consensus, 11 patients were diagnosed with possible CAPA and 10 patients with probable CAPA. Global incidence for CAPA was 6.3%. Global median days between ICU admission and diagnosis was 14 day. Aspergillus fumigatus complex was the main isolated species. Antifungal therapy was used in 75% of patients with CAPA suspicion, with inter-hospital differences in the administered antifungals. Global overall mortality rate for CAPA patients was 66.6% (14/21). All-cause mortality in non-CAPA cohorts were of 26.3% in HULP group (34/129) and 56.8% (104/183) in HEEIZ group.
    Conclusions: There were no significant differences in incidence between the two hospitals, and differences in antifungal therapy did not correlate with differences in mortality, reflecting that both first-line azoles and Amphotericin B could be effective in treating CAPA infections, according to the current guideline indications.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; Hospitals ; Intensive Care Units
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-31
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 391081-7
    ISSN 1573-0832 ; 0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
    ISSN (online) 1573-0832
    ISSN 0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
    DOI 10.1007/s11046-023-00750-0
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  10. Article ; Online: Noninvasive Diabetes Detection through Human Breath Using TinyML-Powered E-Nose.

    Gudiño-Ochoa, Alberto / García-Rodríguez, Julio Alberto / Ochoa-Ornelas, Raquel / Cuevas-Chávez, Jorge Ivan / Sánchez-Arias, Daniel Alejandro

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 4

    Abstract: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled human breath serve as pivotal biomarkers for disease identification and medical diagnostics. In the context of diabetes mellitus, the noninvasive detection of acetone, a primary biomarker using electronic ... ...

    Abstract Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled human breath serve as pivotal biomarkers for disease identification and medical diagnostics. In the context of diabetes mellitus, the noninvasive detection of acetone, a primary biomarker using electronic noses (e-noses), has gained significant attention. However, employing e-noses requires pre-trained algorithms for precise diabetes detection, often requiring a computer with a programming environment to classify newly acquired data. This study focuses on the development of an embedded system integrating Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) and an e-nose equipped with Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) sensors for real-time diabetes detection. The study encompassed 44 individuals, comprising 22 healthy individuals and 22 diagnosed with various types of diabetes mellitus. Test results highlight the XGBoost Machine Learning algorithm's achievement of 95% detection accuracy. Additionally, the integration of deep learning algorithms, particularly deep neural networks (DNNs) and one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), yielded a detection efficacy of 94.44%. These outcomes underscore the potency of combining e-noses with TinyML in embedded systems, offering a noninvasive approach for diabetes mellitus detection.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Electronic Nose ; Breath Tests/methods ; Algorithms ; Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis ; Volatile Organic Compounds ; Machine Learning ; Biomarkers
    Chemical Substances Volatile Organic Compounds ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s24041294
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