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Article ; Online: The Contribution of the Distal Oblique Band to Distal Radioulnar Joint Stability.

Orbay, Jorge L / Gardner, Brandon / Heifner, John J / Martin, Anthony / Mercer, Deana M

2024

Abstract: Purpose: The distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) is supported by an array of dynamic and static stabilizers, of which the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is the most important, and the distal interosseous ligament is next in importance. The distal ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) is supported by an array of dynamic and static stabilizers, of which the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is the most important, and the distal interosseous ligament is next in importance. The distal oblique band (DOB) is an identifiable component of the distal interosseous ligament, found in a subset of the population. Our objective was to determine the contribution of the DOB to DRUJ stability in the presence of a disrupted TFCC. Methods: Twenty-three above-elbow specimens were prepared by removing the TFCC and the DRUJ joint capsule, preserving the distal interosseous ligament and the pronator quadratus. Cadavers were stratified into two groups-those with, and those without a DOB. A bone plate and screws were attached to the ulna; then, a transverse load was applied to failure, creating a diastasis between the radius and ulna. Results: The group with a DOB had a mean load at failure of 160.7 ± 46.5 N. The group without a DOB had a mean load at failure of 148.0 ± 26.3 N. Stiffness prior to failure was 16.9 N/mm in the group with a DOB and 12.4 N/mm in the group without a DOB. Conclusions: The current results indicate that the DOB may not substantially contribute to DRUJ stability in the presence of a disrupted TFCC. Clinical relevance: Stability of the DRUJ after TFCC injury may not be substantially improved by the presence of a DOB. Thus, the clinical importance of DOB reconstruction remains unclear.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605716-0
ISSN	1531-6564 ; 0363-5023
ISSN (online)	1531-6564
ISSN	0363-5023
DOI	10.1016/j.jhsa.2024.03.001
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Thesis ; Online: Pathogenic pathways and preclincial testing in mouse models of muscular dystrophy

Gardner, Brandon Barnett

2016

Abstract: The muscular dystrophies are marked by progressive muscle degeneration and subsequent maladaptive repair. In the most common childhood form, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), patients develop weakness of skeletal muscles accompanied by cardiac and ... ...

Abstract	The muscular dystrophies are marked by progressive muscle degeneration and subsequent maladaptive repair. In the most common childhood form, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), patients develop weakness of skeletal muscles accompanied by cardiac and respiratory muscle dysfunction. Mouse models of muscular dystrophy replicate the pathological aspects of the human disease. Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) has been shown to be elevated in both human and animal models of MD, where it is associated with increased fibrosis and decreased muscle strength function and regeneration. Herein, a pre-clinical assessment of isoform specific anti-TGF? antibodies was conducted in the mdx/hLTBP4 model, which mirrors the regulation of TGFβ seen in human muscle. These antibodies elicited improved signs of regeneration on histopathology with reduction in fibrosis. A similar pre-clinical trial was also carried out using antibodies to latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein-4 (LTBP4). This approach yielded similar signs of decreased inflammation, increased regeneration and resistance to injury with anti-LTBP4 antibodies. In addition to testing novel approaches to ameliorate disease, I also helped characterize a large cohort of Sgcg null mice that serve as a model for Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy 2C. By analyzing echocardiographic data alongside histopathological quantitation, I found correlations between cardiac and muscle outcomes, providing new endpoints for preclinical analysis and identifying the abdominal muscles as important for cardiopulmonary outcomes.
Keywords	Molecular biology\|Medicine\|Pathology
Subject code	610
Language	ENG
Publishing date	2016-01-01 00:00:01.0
Publisher	The University of Chicago
Publishing country	us
Document type	Thesis ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Open Fractures in National Football League Athletes: Analyzing Performance and Return to Sport.

Nudelman, Brandon / Gardner, Brandon B / Bryant, Stewart A / Lansdown, Drew A / Feeley, Brian T / Pandya, Nirav K

Spartan medical research journal

2023 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 87846

Abstract: Introduction: Open fractures are potentially devastating injuries for the professional athlete. We sought to compare return to sports (RTS) and performance in National Football League (NFL) athletes sustaining open versus closed fractures.: Methods: ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Open fractures are potentially devastating injuries for the professional athlete. We sought to compare return to sports (RTS) and performance in National Football League (NFL) athletes sustaining open versus closed fractures. Methods: NFL athletes with surgically treated open and closed fractures of the forearm, tibial shaft, and ankle from 2009-2018 were identified through publicly available reports and records. Data including demographics, RTS, career duration, and the approximate value performance metric before and after injury were collected. Statistical analyses were performed comparing open to closed injuries. Continuous variables were compared using Mann-Whitney U or two sample t- tests while categorical variables were compared using Fisher's exact test. Results: Ninety-five athletes met inclusion criteria (10 open and 85 closed fractures). Overall, 90% (n = 9) returned to sport after an open injury and 83.5% (n = 71) returned after closed injury with a median time missed of 48.9 (range 35.1 - 117.4) weeks and 43.0 (range 2.4 - 108.0) weeks, respectively. Athletes undergoing forearm surgery were able to return sooner, at around 20.8 weeks, and ankle fractures conferred the lowest return rate at 80% (n = 48). There were no significant differences in career duration and post-injury performance between open or closed fracture cohorts. Conclusions: Although open fractures are relatively uncommon injuries seen in NFL athletes, our study suggests RTS for these players is high. Athletes undergoing surgical treatment for open fractures had similar RTS rates, performance metrics, and career durations compared to those with comparable closed fractures. This information can provide guidance for providers counseling elite athletes on postoperative expectations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2474-7629
ISSN (online)	2474-7629
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Combined Double-Pulley Remplissage and Bankart Repair.

Kim, Dong Hyeon / Kim, Joo Yeon / Park, Juho / Talwar, Mika / Jenkins, Sarah / Gardner, Brandon / McGahan, Patrick / Chen, James L

Arthroscopy techniques

2022 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) e419–e425

Abstract: The use of arthroscopic Bankart repair to treat anterior shoulder instability has become increasingly widespread. However, high rates of recurrent instability within the presence of glenohumeral bony defects, specifically Hill-Sachs lesions, have well ... ...

Abstract	The use of arthroscopic Bankart repair to treat anterior shoulder instability has become increasingly widespread. However, high rates of recurrent instability within the presence of glenohumeral bony defects, specifically Hill-Sachs lesions, have well documented a key concern regarding the arthroscopic Bankart repair process. Our technique describes the pairing of a remplissage to fill the Hill-Sachs lesion with the Bankart repair, preventing loss in shoulder stiffness and stability. This technique involves a double-pulley-combined remplissage and Bankart repair to maintain a low-failure, minimally invasive procedure.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-18
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2653101-X
ISSN	2212-6287
ISSN	2212-6287
DOI	10.1016/j.eats.2021.11.011
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Single Knotless Suture Anchor Repair of Anterior Talofibular Ligament Following Distal Fibula Nonunion Excision.

Le, Tu / Liu, Haowen / Jenkins, Sarah M / Rayos Del Sol, Shane / Gardner, Brandon B / McGahan, Patrick / Chen, James

Arthroscopy techniques

2022 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) e449–e455

Abstract: Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) tear is the most common ankle ligament injury. This can lead to recurrent ankle instability, which is detrimental to ankle function and the patient's quality of life. Currently, several techniques have shown ... ...

Abstract	Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) tear is the most common ankle ligament injury. This can lead to recurrent ankle instability, which is detrimental to ankle function and the patient's quality of life. Currently, several techniques have shown successful outcomes for ATFL repair. In this technical note, we describe an open ATFL repair using a single knotless suture anchor at the distal fibula location. This approach is rapid, equipment-efficient, and reproducible, while promising excellent results and high patient satisfaction by restoring ATFL anatomy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-28
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2653101-X
ISSN	2212-6287
ISSN	2212-6287
DOI	10.1016/j.eats.2021.11.015
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Open Peroneal Tendon Stabilization With Fibular Groove Deepening.

Hwang, Inga M / Rayos Del Sol, Shane / Jenkins, Sarah M / Bryant, Stewart A / Gardner, Brandon B / McGahan, Patrick / Chen, James

Arthroscopy techniques

2022 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) e347–e352

Abstract: Peroneal tendon subluxation often occurs because of sudden dorsiflexion of the ankle, leading to a traumatic rupture of the superior peroneal retinaculum. Currently, there are several surgical techniques to deepen the fibular groove, but there is no ... ...

Abstract	Peroneal tendon subluxation often occurs because of sudden dorsiflexion of the ankle, leading to a traumatic rupture of the superior peroneal retinaculum. Currently, there are several surgical techniques to deepen the fibular groove, but there is no universally accepted gold standard. This technique article describes a fibular groove deepening with preservation of the fibrocartilage in conjunction with repair of the superior peroneal retinaculum. Addressing the main pathologies that may be leading to subluxation of the peroneal tendons, we offer an approach that avoids many of the common pitfalls from previously proposed techniques while preserving the natural fibrocartilage within the malleolar groove and repairing the retinaculum.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2653101-X
ISSN	2212-6287
ISSN	2212-6287
DOI	10.1016/j.eats.2021.10.028
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Growth Factor Expression During Healing in 3 Distinct Tendons.

Gardner, Brandon B / He, Tong-Chuan / Wu, Scott / Liu, Wei / Gutierrez-Sherman, Violeta / Mass, Daniel P

Journal of hand surgery global online

2022 Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) 214–219

Abstract: Purpose: We investigated unique tendon growth-factor expression profiles over time in response to simultaneous, similar injuries. Characterizing these genetic differences lays the foundation for creating targeted, tendon-specific therapies and provides ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: We investigated unique tendon growth-factor expression profiles over time in response to simultaneous, similar injuries. Characterizing these genetic differences lays the foundation for creating targeted, tendon-specific therapies and provides insight into why current growth-factor treatments have success in some applications but not others. Methods: The left fourth digital flexor, triceps, and supraspinatus tendons in 24 rats were cut to 50% of their transverse width at the midbelly under anesthesia. On postoperative days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14, randomly selected rats were sacrificed, and the damaged tendons were excised and flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen. The expressional fibroblast growth factor 1, bone morphogenic protein 13, and transforming growth factor β-1 were measured at each time point and compared to their respective, uninjured levels with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The digital flexor tendon showed exponentially elevated expression of all 3 factors over the preinjury baseline values. Expression in the triceps and supraspinatus had more variation over time. The triceps tendon showed a considerable decrease of transforming growth factor β-1 and bone morphogenic protein 13 expression. The supraspinatus tendon had statistically significant increases of both transforming growth factor β-1 and bone morphogenic protein 13 expression relative to preoperative, uninjured levels, with a nonstatistically significant decrease of fibroblast growth factor 1. Conclusions: Our study suggests different tendons express their own unique growth-factor profiles after similar, simultaneous injuries. The digital flexor showed particularly high, sustained levels of growth-factor expression in comparison to the supraspinatus and triceps, suggesting that variable dosing may be necessary for growth-factor therapies aimed at supplementing innate responses in these different tendon types. Clinical relevance: These data show different tendons express unique trends of growth-factor expression over time in response to injury, suggesting each unique tendon may require specific dosing or knockdown therapies. These observations serve as a foundation for more tendon-specific questioning, experimentation, and therapeutic design.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-5141
ISSN (online)	2589-5141
DOI	10.1016/j.jhsg.2022.04.006
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Rehabilitation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Review of Current Literature and Recommendations.

Jenkins, Sarah M / Guzman, Alvarho / Gardner, Brandon B / Bryant, Stewart A / Del Sol, Shane Rayos / McGahan, Patrick / Chen, James

Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine

2022 Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) 170–179

Abstract: Purpose of review: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a common surgical procedure with an estimated 120,000 cases performed in the USA each year. Physical therapy plays a critical role in the successful recovery of both surgically and ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a common surgical procedure with an estimated 120,000 cases performed in the USA each year. Physical therapy plays a critical role in the successful recovery of both surgically and non-surgically managed patients. Interestingly, ACL rehabilitation protocols vary greatly with little consensus among practitioners. Nonetheless, there has been agreement over the last decade to shift from conservative, standardized length protocols to more accelerated, individualized protocols that vary in length and modalities based on patient-specific findings and preferences. This review summarizes the most recent trends, opinions, and modalities in ACL rehabilitation research, with a specific focus on novel methods to treat the specific psychosocial needs of ACL deficient patients. Recent findings: We found that new protocols emphasize early weight bearing, open kinetic chain (OKC) exercises, and other alternative modalities such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation and blood flow restriction. We also found a recent trend toward the use of clinical milestones to determine when a patient is ready for the next phase of a "step-up" rehabilitation program. One particularly nascent topic of research is the inclusion of methods to treat the psychosocial impacts of ACL injury, recovery, and the anxiety around return to sport. Rehabilitation strategy has become increasingly patient-dependent, and the new modalities being utilized are accelerating patient recovery. Return to sport is a particularly important factor for many ACLR patients, and recovery has an important psychological component that has only recently been addressed in the literature, with positive preliminary findings.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2407827-X
ISSN	1935-9748 ; 1935-973X
ISSN (online)	1935-9748
ISSN	1935-973X
DOI	10.1007/s12178-022-09752-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Single-Portal Arthroscopic Posterior Shoulder Stabilization.

Park, Juho / Kim, Joo Yeon / Kim, David / Gardner, Brandon / Jenkins, Sarah / McGahan, Patrick J / Chen, James L

Arthroscopy techniques

2021 Volume 10, Issue 12, Page(s) e2813–e2817

Abstract: Posterior shoulder instability occurs when the labrum detaches posteriorly from the glenoid owing to significant trauma and is a relatively uncommon type of shoulder dislocation. Although posterior instability has often been treated with open shoulder ... ...

Abstract	Posterior shoulder instability occurs when the labrum detaches posteriorly from the glenoid owing to significant trauma and is a relatively uncommon type of shoulder dislocation. Although posterior instability has often been treated with open shoulder stabilization, modern arthroscopic procedures are being rapidly pursued by surgeons as an improved option because of decreased invasiveness and reduced operative times. Arthroscopic stabilization of the posterior glenoid labrum typically involves 2 working portals, but the procedure still yields successful results when performed with a single posterior portal and a suture passer. Our technique involves 1 less portal to reduce invasiveness, lower the risk of nerve damage, and decrease the operative time and postoperative pain. The purpose of this article is to describe an arthroscopic posterior stabilization technique with a single working portal.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2653101-X
ISSN	2212-6287
ISSN	2212-6287
DOI	10.1016/j.eats.2021.08.031
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Tibial Tunnel-First Graft-Sizing Technique.

Kim, Joo Yeon / Park, Juho / Kim, Dong Hyeon / Gardner, Brandon / Jenkins, Sarah / McGahan, Patrick / Chen, James L

Arthroscopy techniques

2021 Volume 10, Issue 12, Page(s) e2797–e2803

Abstract: Revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (R-ACLR) has become more common as the number of failed primary ACLRs increase. Although increasingly common, R-ACLR has a greater failure rate than a primary reconstruction. Technical errors, ... ...

Abstract	Revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (R-ACLR) has become more common as the number of failed primary ACLRs increase. Although increasingly common, R-ACLR has a greater failure rate than a primary reconstruction. Technical errors, particularly in tunnel placement, account for a large proportion of graft failure in R-ACLR as well as re-revision cases. Tunnel placement and trajectory is particularly important in R-ACLR and becomes more challenging with each additional revision attempt. This is in part because any tunnels created for revision may converge with formerly drilled tunnels or face interference hardware creating, complicating proper graft fixation. While there are many approaches to revision ACL surgery, our technique describes a simple, tibial tunnel-first graft-sizing method initially reaming tunnels with very small diameters and sequentially working your way up to more anatomic diameters.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2653101-X
ISSN	2212-6287
ISSN	2212-6287
DOI	10.1016/j.eats.2021.08.017
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