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Article ; Online: Exploring the acceptability and feasibility of a whole school approach to physical activity in UK primary schools

Gareth Jones / Kim Longbon / Sarah Williams

BMC Public Health, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a qualitative approach

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background UK Children generally fail to meet physical activity (PA) recommendations. Whole school approaches (WSA) have the potential to impact large numbers of children due to their ubiquitous nature for school wide implementation, however ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background UK Children generally fail to meet physical activity (PA) recommendations. Whole school approaches (WSA) have the potential to impact large numbers of children due to their ubiquitous nature for school wide implementation, however there is limited knowledge regarding primary school PA WSA implementation in the UK. This study aimed to investigate the acceptability and feasibility of a PA WSA in the UK. Methods Semi structured interviews explored research aims with participants. A qualitative description approach was adopted and data were analysed using thematic analysis to draw codes and themes from the data. Results Thirteen primary school senior leadership team (SLT) and Physical Education (PE) leads were interviewed. A PA WSA was found acceptable by all participants. Implementation, however, was questioned when other significant mechanisms were not in place. A PA WSA aided prioritisation and planning of PA provision, providing a holistic overview of all key areas of PE, school-sport and PA (PESSPA). Due to the high acceptability but dependent feasibility of a PA WSA, it is recommended that PA WSAs align with whole-school health policy and improvement plans to advance implementation. Future research, however, is needed to explore how this method is best implemented as additional interventions may also be required to promote the prioritisation of the PA agenda due to the importance of SLT backing for implementation being paramount, as results highlight. Conclusions PA WSAs aid awareness, understanding and planning of school wide PESSPA provision, however their implementation in complex. Having SLT support and an appropriately resourced PE lead maximised the impact and utility of a PA WSA.
Keywords	Physical activity ; Whole school approach ; Health ; System change ; Qualitative methods ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	370
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Functional morphometry: non-invasive estimation of the alveolar surface area in extremely preterm infants.

Williams, Emma E / Gareth Jones, J / McCurnin, Donald / Rüdiger, Mario / Nanjundappa, Mahesh / Greenough, Anne / Dassios, Theodore

Pediatric research

2023 Volume 94, Issue 5, Page(s) 1707–1713

Abstract: Background: The main pathophysiologic characteristic of chronic respiratory disease following extremely premature birth is arrested alveolar growth, which translates to a smaller alveolar surface area (S: Methods: Paired measurements of the fraction ... ...

Abstract	Background: The main pathophysiologic characteristic of chronic respiratory disease following extremely premature birth is arrested alveolar growth, which translates to a smaller alveolar surface area (S Methods: Paired measurements of the fraction of inspired oxygen and transcutaneous oxygen saturation were used to calculate the ventilation/perfusion ratio, which was translated to S Results: Thirty infants with a median (range) gestational age of 26.3 (22.9-27.9) weeks were studied. The median (range) adjusted S Conclusions: The alveolar surface area can be estimated non-invasively in extremely preterm infants. The adjusted alveolar surface area has the potential to predict the subsequent need for discharge home on supplemental oxygen. Impact: We describe a novel biomarker of respiratory disease following extremely preterm birth. The adjusted alveolar surface area index was derived by non-invasive measurements of the ventilation/perfusion ratio and adjusted by concurrent measurements of volumetric capnography. The adjusted alveolar surface area was markedly reduced in extremely preterm infants studied at 7 days of life and could predict the need for discharge home on supplemental oxygen. This method could be used at the bedside to estimate the alveolar surface area and provide an index of the severity of lung disease, and assist in monitoring, clinical management and prognosis.
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Premature Birth ; Gestational Age ; Lung Diseases ; Oxygen
Chemical Substances	Oxygen (S88TT14065)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	4411-8
ISSN	1530-0447 ; 0031-3998
ISSN (online)	1530-0447
ISSN	0031-3998
DOI	10.1038/s41390-023-02597-z
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Article ; Online: Integrative approach to species delimitation in Rhizophydiales: Novel species of Angulomyces, Gorgonomyces, and Terramyces from northern Thailand.

Hurdeal, Vedprakash G / Longcore, Joyce E / Gareth Jones, E B / Rabern Simmons, D / Hyde, Kevin D / Gentekaki, Eleni

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution

2023 Volume 180, Page(s) 107706

Abstract: The Chytridiomycota is a phylum of zoosporic eufungi that inhabit terrestrial, freshwater, and oceanic habitats. Within the phylum, the Rhizophydiales contains several monotypic families theorized to hold a diverse assemblage of fungi yet to be ... ...

Abstract	The Chytridiomycota is a phylum of zoosporic eufungi that inhabit terrestrial, freshwater, and oceanic habitats. Within the phylum, the Rhizophydiales contains several monotypic families theorized to hold a diverse assemblage of fungi yet to be discovered and properly described. Based on morphology alone, many species in this order are difficult or impossible to identify. In this study, we isolated three chytrids from northern Thailand. Phylogenetic analyses placed the isolates in three monotypic genera within Rhizophydiales. Intrageneric genetic distances in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ranged between 1.5 and 8.5%. Angulomyces solicola sp. nov. is characterized by larger sporangia, spores, and fewer discharge papilla than A.argentinensis; Gorgonomyces thailandicus sp. nov. has larger zoospores and fewer discharge papillae in culture compared to G. haynaldii; Terramyces chiangraiensis sp. nov. produces larger sporangia than T. subangulosum. We delimited species of Angulomyces, Gorgonomyces and Terramyces using a tripartite approach that employed phylogeny, ITS genetic distances and Poisson tree processes (PTP). Results of these approaches suggest more than one species in each genus. This study contributes to the knowledge of chytrids, an understudied group in Thailand and worldwide.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Phylogeny ; Thailand ; DNA, Fungal/genetics ; Chytridiomycota/genetics ; Fresh Water
Chemical Substances	DNA, Fungal
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	33610-5
ISSN	1095-9513 ; 1055-7903
ISSN (online)	1095-9513
ISSN	1055-7903
DOI	10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107706
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Article ; Online: QAScore—An Unsupervised Unreferenced Metric for the Question Generation Evaluation

Tianbo Ji / Chenyang Lyu / Gareth Jones / Liting Zhou / Yvette Graham

Entropy, Vol 24, Iss 1514, p

2022 Volume 1514

Abstract: Question Generation (QG) aims to automate the task of composing questions for a passage with a set of chosen answers found within the passage. In recent years, the introduction of neural generation models has resulted in substantial improvements of ... ...

Abstract	Question Generation (QG) aims to automate the task of composing questions for a passage with a set of chosen answers found within the passage. In recent years, the introduction of neural generation models has resulted in substantial improvements of automatically generated questions in terms of quality, especially compared to traditional approaches that employ manually crafted heuristics. However, current QG evaluation metrics solely rely on the comparison between the generated questions and references, ignoring the passages or answers. Meanwhile, these metrics are generally criticized because of their low agreement with human judgement. We therefore propose a new reference-free evaluation metric called QAScore, which is capable of providing a better mechanism for evaluating QG systems. QAScore evaluates a question by computing the cross entropy according to the probability that the language model can correctly generate the masked words in the answer to that question. Compared to existing metrics such as BLEU and BERTScore, QAScore can obtain a stronger correlation with human judgement according to our human evaluation experiment, meaning that applying QAScore in the QG task benefits to a higher level of evaluation accuracy.
Keywords	question generation ; question generation evaluation ; reference-free evaluation ; Science ; Q ; Astrophysics ; QB460-466 ; Physics ; QC1-999
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Identifying Mangrove Deforestation Hotspots in South Asia, Southeast Asia and Asia-Pacific

Samir Gandhi / Trevor Gareth Jones

Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 6, p

2019 Volume 728

Abstract: Mangroves inhabit highly productive inter-tidal ecosystems in >120 countries in the tropics and subtropics providing critical goods and services to coastal communities and contributing to global climate change mitigation owing to substantial carbon ... ...

Abstract	Mangroves inhabit highly productive inter-tidal ecosystems in >120 countries in the tropics and subtropics providing critical goods and services to coastal communities and contributing to global climate change mitigation owing to substantial carbon stocks. Despite their importance, global mangrove distribution continues to decline primarily due to anthropogenic drivers which vary by region/country. South Asia, Southeast Asia and Asia-Pacific contain approximately 46% of the world’s mangrove ecosystems, including the most biodiverse mangrove forests. This region also exhibits the highest global rates of mangrove loss. Remotely sensed data provides timely and accurate information on mangrove distribution and dynamics critical for targeting loss hotspots and guiding intervention. This report inventories, describes and compares all known single- and multi-date remotely sensed datasets with regional coverage and provides areal mangrove extents by country. Multi-date datasets were used to estimate dynamics and identify loss hotspots (i.e., countries that exhibit greatest proportional loss). Results indicate Myanmar is the primary mangrove loss hotspot, exhibiting 35% loss from 1975–2005 and 28% between 2000–2014. Rates of loss in Myanmar were four times the global average from 2000–2012. The Philippines is additionally identified as a loss hotspot, with secondary hotspots including Malaysia, Cambodia and Indonesia. This information helps inform and guide mangrove conservation, restoration and managed-use within the region.
Keywords	mangroves ; dynamics ; deforestation ; hotspot ; South Asia ; Southeast Asia ; Asia-Pacific ; Science ; Q
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Clinician and computer

Gareth Jones / Thomas York / Heloise Jenney

BMJ Health & Care Informatics, Vol 27, Iss

a study on patient perceptions of artificial intelligence in skeletal radiography

2020 Volume 3

Abstract: Background Up to half of all musculoskeletal injuries are investigated with plain radiographs. However, high rates of image interpretation error mean that novel solutions such as artificial intelligence (AI) are being explored.Objectives To determine ... ...

Abstract	Background Up to half of all musculoskeletal injuries are investigated with plain radiographs. However, high rates of image interpretation error mean that novel solutions such as artificial intelligence (AI) are being explored.Objectives To determine patient confidence in clinician-led radiograph interpretation, the perception of AI-assisted interpretation and management, and to identify factors which might influence these views.Methods A novel questionnaire was distributed to patients attending fracture clinic in a large inner-city teaching hospital. Categorical and Likert scale questions were used to assess participant demographics, daily electronics use, pain score and perceptions towards AI used to assist in interpretation of their radiographs, and guide management.Results 216 questionnaires were included (M=126, F=90). Significantly higher confidence in clinician rather than AI-assisted interpretation was observed (clinician=9.20, SD=1.27 vs AI=7.06, SD=2.13), 95.4% reported favouring clinician over AI-performed interpretation in the event of disagreement.Small positive correlations were observed between younger age/educational achievement and confidence in AI-assistance. Students demonstrated similarly increased confidence (8.43, SD 1.80), and were over-represented in the minority who indicated a preference for AI-assessment over their clinicians (50%).Conclusions Participant’s held the clinician’s assessment in the highest regard and expressed a clear preference for it over the hypothetical AI assessment. However, robust confidence scores for the role of AI-assistance in interpreting skeletal imaging suggest patients view the technology favourably.Findings indicate that younger, more educated patients are potentially more comfortable with a role for AI-assistance however further research is needed to overcome the small number of responses on which these observations are based.
Keywords	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of Different Diet Types on Growth and Survival of White-Clawed Crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes in Hatcheries

Jen Nightingale / Gareth Jones / Gráinne McCabe / Paul Stebbing

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Vol

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: Developing an optimal diet for rearing endangered white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes is important for captive breeding success prior to wild release. Four ex situ, 40-day experiments assessed survival and growth of crayfish fed different ... ...

Abstract	Developing an optimal diet for rearing endangered white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes is important for captive breeding success prior to wild release. Four ex situ, 40-day experiments assessed survival and growth of crayfish fed different treatment diets. Two experiments (A and B) were undertaken with hatchlings, to determine if live food was an essential dietary component during the first few weeks after hatching. The second set of experiments (C and D) were undertaken with juvenile (60-day-old) A. pallipes, to determine an optimal diet after the initial critical feeding stage. In experiment A, we fed hatchlings: i) live Artemia nauplii + plankton (Live + P); ii) decapsulated Artemia cysts + plankton (Cyst + P) or iii) decapsulated Artemia cysts + plankton encapsulated in agar gel (Gel + CP). Survival and growth was significantly greater with Live + P than with the other two diets. In experiment B we compared Live + P with commercially available feeds by feeding hatchlings: i) live Artemia nauplii + Australian pellet (Live + Aus); ii) live Artemia nauplii plus New Zealand pellet (Live + NZ); iii) live Artemia nauplii + plankton (Live + P); or (iv) practical Spanish crayfish pellet diet (Spain). Under these experimental conditions crayfish survival was significantly higher with Live + P diet than with Live + Aus or Spain. Growth was also significantly greater with Live + P than with the Live + NZ or Spanish treatment diets. In experiment C, 60-day-old juvenile A. pallipes were fed: i) defrosted plankton plus vegetables (Standard) or (ii) defrosted plankton plus vegetables encapsulated in agar gel (Gel + PV). Survival was not significantly different between the diets; however, growth was significantly greater with the Standard diet rather than Gel + PV. In experiment D, juveniles were fed four different diets: i) Australian pellet (Australia); ii) New Zealand pellet (New Zealand); iii) plankton and vegetables (Standard); or iv) practical Spanish diet (Spain). Survival was significantly lower in ...
Keywords	aquaculture ; crayfish ; conservation ; nutrition ; ecology ; Evolution ; QH359-425 ; QH540-549.5
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for acute and chronic pain in adults

Gareth Jones / Mark I. Johnson / Carole A. Paley / Matthew R. Mulvey / Priscilla G. Wittkopf

BMJ Open, Vol 12, Iss

a systematic review and meta-analysis of 381 studies (the meta-TENS study)

2022 Volume 2

Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Painful shoulder? Remote clinical management of a Field Guide with shoulder pain and loss of shoulder function in Antarctica

Gareth Jones / Mark I Johnson

Australasian Medical Journal , Vol 10, Iss 6, Pp 474-

2017 Volume 477

Abstract: We report the case of a female Field Guide based at the British Antarctic Survey’s Rothera Science Research Station on Adelaide Island, Antarctica who independently contacted a physiotherapist specialising in climbing related injuries (GJ) located in the ...

Abstract	We report the case of a female Field Guide based at the British Antarctic Survey’s Rothera Science Research Station on Adelaide Island, Antarctica who independently contacted a physiotherapist specialising in climbing related injuries (GJ) located in the UK. for a second opinion. The Field Guide was experiencing significant work difficulties due to shoulder pain and subsequent loss of function particularly in overhead activities. The case raises important issues about the medical management of Field Guides operating in extreme environments and remote locations
Keywords	Subacromial impingement syndrome ; Antarctica ; remote workers ; load ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Australasian Medical Journal pty ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Lanspora dorisauae, a new marine fungus from rocky shores in Taiwan

Ka-Lai Pang / Sheng-Yu Guo / Ami Shaumi / Satinee Suetrong / Anupong Klaysuban / Michael W. L. Chiang / E. B. Gareth Jones

PeerJ, Vol 11, p e

2023 Volume 15958

Abstract: This article reports a new marine fungus, Lanspora dorisauae (Phomatosporales, Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota), on trapped wood collected in coastal sites of Taiwan. This new fungus was subjected to a morphological examination and a phylogenetic study based ...

Abstract	This article reports a new marine fungus, Lanspora dorisauae (Phomatosporales, Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota), on trapped wood collected in coastal sites of Taiwan. This new fungus was subjected to a morphological examination and a phylogenetic study based on a combined analysis of the 18S, 28S, ITS rDNA, TEF1-α and RPB2 genes. Lanspora dorisauae is characterized by dark-coloured ascomata with a short neck, periphysate ostioles, subclavate, deliquescing asci without an apical ring, presence of wide paraphyses, striated wall ascospores with crown-like appendages on one pole of the ascospores. Phylogenetically, L. dorisauae grouped with Lanspora coronata (type species) with strong support. Lanspora coronata lacks paraphyses and appendages occur on both ends of the ascospores, while paraphyses are present and ascospore appendage is unipolar in L. dorisauae. Lanspora cylindrospora formed a sister clade with L. coronata and L. dorisauae, but it significantly differs in morphology with the latter two species in having cylindrical asci with an apical J- ring, smooth ascospore wall and no ascospore appendages, and may be better referred to a new genus. Lanspora, together with Phomatospora and Tenuimurus, belong to the Phomatosporaceae, Phomatosporales. Phomatospora berkeleyi should be sequenced to test the validity of the order Phomatosporales and the family Phomatosporaceae.
Keywords	Ascomycota ; Marine fungi ; Phylogeny ; Sordariomycetes ; Taxonomy ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PeerJ Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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