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Article: Prokaryotic diversity of tropical coastal sand dunes ecosystem using metagenomics.

Shet, Sulochana A / Garg, Sandeep

2021 Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) 252

Abstract: Coastal sand dunes (CSDs), unique, stressed and hostile habitats act as a barrier between marine and terrestrial ecosystems. CSDs are stressed in terms of nutrition and fluctuating physio-chemical conditions. CSD is classified into several types, each of ...

Abstract	Coastal sand dunes (CSDs), unique, stressed and hostile habitats act as a barrier between marine and terrestrial ecosystems. CSDs are stressed in terms of nutrition and fluctuating physio-chemical conditions. CSD is classified into several types, each of which presents different challenges for life forms. This study focuses on exploring bacterial and archaeal diversity and community structure in four CSD namely, Embryo, Fore, Gray, and Mature dunes of Keri beach, Goa along the west coast of India. The study was carried out using Next Generation Sequencing of hypervariable V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene using Illumina HiSeq platform. The present study hypothesizes that the prokaryotic communities at each dune may be different and could have different role in the ecosystem. The NGS for Embryo, Fore, Gray, and Mature dunes gave 1,045,447, 1,451,753, 1,321,867, and 1,537,758 paired-end reads, respectively, out of which 54,500, 50,032, 37,819, and 111,186 were retained through various quality filtrations. A total of 74, 63, 65, and 65% of OTUs, respectively, remained unknown at the species level. The highest bacterial and archaeal abundance was reported from Mature and Embryo dunes, respectively. Phylum Actinobacteria dominated the Embryo, Fore, and Mature dunes, whereas phylum Proteobacteria was the dominant in the Gray dune. Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02809-5.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-04
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2600522-0
ISSN	2190-5738 ; 2190-572X
ISSN (online)	2190-5738
ISSN	2190-572X
DOI	10.1007/s13205-021-02809-5
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Article: Knowledge, attitudes and demographic effect on menopausal experiences among Indian rural women.

Sivasubramanian, N / Pinalben Madhabhai, Chaudhari / Shilpa Gottlieb, Amita / Mahalakshmi, B / Vaghela, Payal / Garg, Sandeep

Bioinformation

2024 Volume 20, Issue 2, Page(s) 175–179

Abstract: The menopausal experiences of women in selected rural areas of Visnagar, addressing a research gap within cultural and socio-economic landscapes is of interest. The global aging trend was reflected in the 26% representation of women aged 50 and over in ... ...

Abstract	The menopausal experiences of women in selected rural areas of Visnagar, addressing a research gap within cultural and socio-economic landscapes is of interest. The global aging trend was reflected in the 26% representation of women aged 50 and over in the study. Employing a cross-sectional design, 200 menopausal women were sampled through stratified random sampling, emphasizing demographic diversity. Results from a structured Knowledge Questionnaire and a Likert Scale for Attitude revealed that women generally possessed commendable knowledge (mean score 10.94) and positive attitudes (mean score 28.66) toward menopause. Significant associations between age, education, occupation, and income with knowledge and attitudes were uncovered through chi-square tests. This study underscored the need for tailored interventions in rural settings, considering the influence of cultural, regional, and demographic factors on menopausal experiences. The findings contributed to bridging the research gap and emphasized the importance of individualized approaches for promoting the well-being of menopausal women in rural communities.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	Singapore
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2203786-X
ISSN	0973-2063
ISSN	0973-2063
DOI	10.6026/973206300200175
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Article: Prokaryotic diversity of tropical coastal sand dunes ecosystem using metagenomics

Shet, Sulochana A / Garg, Sandeep

3 Biotech. 2021 May, v. 11, no. 5

2021

Abstract	Coastal sand dunes (CSDs), unique, stressed and hostile habitats act as a barrier between marine and terrestrial ecosystems. CSDs are stressed in terms of nutrition and fluctuating physio-chemical conditions. CSD is classified into several types, each of which presents different challenges for life forms. This study focuses on exploring bacterial and archaeal diversity and community structure in four CSD namely, Embryo, Fore, Gray, and Mature dunes of Keri beach, Goa along the west coast of India. The study was carried out using Next Generation Sequencing of hypervariable V3–V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene using Illumina HiSeq platform. The present study hypothesizes that the prokaryotic communities at each dune may be different and could have different role in the ecosystem. The NGS for Embryo, Fore, Gray, and Mature dunes gave 1,045,447, 1,451,753, 1,321,867, and 1,537,758 paired-end reads, respectively, out of which 54,500, 50,032, 37,819, and 111,186 were retained through various quality filtrations. A total of 74, 63, 65, and 65% of OTUs, respectively, remained unknown at the species level. The highest bacterial and archaeal abundance was reported from Mature and Embryo dunes, respectively. Phylum Actinobacteria dominated the Embryo, Fore, and Mature dunes, whereas phylum Proteobacteria was the dominant in the Gray dune. Streptomyces was predominant in overall CSD followed by Bacillus, Acidobacterium, and Kouleothrix. The commonly and exclusively found members in each dune are cataloged. The highest species dominance, diversity, species richness, and abundance were observed in Embryo, Fore, Gray, and Mature dunes, respectively. The present study clearly elucidates that each dune has a distinct microbial community structure.
Keywords	Acidobacterium ; Archaea ; Proteobacteria ; Streptomyces ; coasts ; community structure ; genes ; metagenomics ; microbial communities ; nutrition ; sand ; species richness ; India
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-05
Size	p. 252.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2600522-0
ISSN	2190-5738 ; 2190-572X
ISSN (online)	2190-5738
ISSN	2190-572X
DOI	10.1007/s13205-021-02809-5
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Article: Evaluation of visual evoked potential in chronic myeloid leukemias.

Agrawal, Avishkar / Aggarwal, Sunita / Singh, Ranvijay / Goyal, Jawaharlal / Garg, Sandeep

Oman journal of ophthalmology

2023 Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) 489–494

Abstract: Background: Visual complaint is not very uncommon in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Our study aims to evaluate the visual pathway using visual evoked potential (VEP) in cases of CML at the time of diagnosis and 6 weeks after tyrosine kinase ... ...

Abstract	Background: Visual complaint is not very uncommon in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Our study aims to evaluate the visual pathway using visual evoked potential (VEP) in cases of CML at the time of diagnosis and 6 weeks after tyrosine kinase therapy, to find out treatment impact in asymptomatic as well as symptomatic individuals and compare it with the general population. Materials and methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study. The study group comprised 20 newly diagnosed cases of CML and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control population. A thorough history and clinical examination with detailed ophthalmological studies, including VEP, were done. Cases who had VEP abnormalities were then followed-up after 6 weeks post-Imatinib therapy and underwent repeat investigations, including VEP. Results: VEP in cases was significantly deranged ( Conclusion: Considerable evidence appear to support the notion that CML patients have a higher prevalence of ophthalmic manifestations as compared to the general population, which can be screened earlier with objective tests like VEP. Concurrently, hematological parameters and VEP showed derangement at the time of diagnosis. After 6 weeks of Imatinib treatment, the improvement in VEP can then be attributed to a reduction in TLC. Hence it can be deduced that VEP has paramount importance in the early identification of ophthalmic manifestations, which are reversible with timely treatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-18
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2484272-2
ISSN	0974-7842 ; 0974-620X
ISSN (online)	0974-7842
ISSN	0974-620X
DOI	10.4103/ojo.ojo_245_22
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Article ; Online: Comparison of Neurodevelopmental Status in Early Infancy of Infants of Women With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Bersain, Rimjhim / Mishra, Devendra / Juneja, Monica / Kumar, Devender / Garg, Sandeep

Indian journal of pediatrics

2023 Volume 90, Issue 11, Page(s) 1083–1088

Abstract: Objectives: To study the neurodevelopmental status of offsprings of mothers with gestational diabetes (OGDM) aged 3½ mo.: Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital, New Delhi which included infants aged 3½ mo (+1 wk) ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To study the neurodevelopmental status of offsprings of mothers with gestational diabetes (OGDM) aged 3½ mo. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital, New Delhi which included infants aged 3½ mo (+1 wk) who were either offsprings of women with gestational diabetes (cases) or infants of mothers without gestational diabetes mellitus presenting to tertiary care public hospital in India from January, 2018 through March, 2019, with enrollment of infants done between 10 April, 2018 and 30 March, 2019. Results: The development quotient (DQ) using Developmental Assessment Scales for Indian Infants (DASII) was calculated as Motor DQ, Mental DQ and a composite DQ. The mean motor DQ of the enrolled infants was 101.7 (12.02); it was significantly lower for OGDM than controls [101 (1.41) vs. 109.5 (10.6); P <0.001]. The mean mental DQ of the enrolled infants was 88.9 (12.0); it was significantly lower for OGDM than the control group [84 (9.89 vs. 88 (8.48); P = 0.03]. The total development quotient for the enrolled infants was 95.3 (11.3). The total development quotient for study group was significantly lower than the control group [92.5 (5.65) vs. 98.75 (9.54); P = 0.001]. Conclusions: The mean motor, mental total DQ of offsprings of mothers with GDM were significantly lower than those born to mothers without GDM. Hence follow up, early intervention should be considered for this high risk group.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Infant ; Humans ; Female ; Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis ; Diabetes, Gestational/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Mothers ; India/epidemiology ; Early Intervention, Educational
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-31
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218231-2
ISSN	0973-7693 ; 0019-5456
ISSN (online)	0973-7693
ISSN	0019-5456
DOI	10.1007/s12098-023-04639-0
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Article: Case Report: Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) and

Gautam, Sachin / Sharma, Gaurav / Singla, Sumeet / Garg, Sandeep

Frontiers in medicine

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 835421

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes a disease (COVID-19) with multisystem involvement. The world is now entering a phase of post-COVID-19 manifestations in this pandemic. Secondary hemophagocytic ... ...

Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes a disease (COVID-19) with multisystem involvement. The world is now entering a phase of post-COVID-19 manifestations in this pandemic. Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory event triggered by viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Both Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome-Adults (MIS-A) and Cytokine Storm Syndrome (CSS) are considered close differentials of sHLH and add to the spectrum of Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). In this report, we presented the case of a middle-aged Asian man who was initially discharged upon recovery from severe COVID-19 infection after 17 days of hospitalization to a private institute and later came to our hospital 13 days post-discharge. Here, he was diagnosed with sHLH, occurring as an extension of CSS, with delayed presentation falling within the spectrum of PACS. The diagnosis of sHLH was made holistically with the HLH-2004 criteria. Our patient initially responded to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and dexamethasone, later complicated by disseminated
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2022.835421
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Article: Unusual Presentation of a Sphenoidal Sinus Neuroendocrine Tumor: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Kaur, Jasmeet / Mogulla, Swathi / Malik, Ambreen / Garg, Sandeep

Cureus

2021 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e13689

Abstract: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have a heterogeneous pathology and indolent behavior, with the most common location being the gastrointestinal tract and then the lungs. The head and neck are rare sites of NET presentation with varied clinical signs and ... ...

Abstract	Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have a heterogeneous pathology and indolent behavior, with the most common location being the gastrointestinal tract and then the lungs. The head and neck are rare sites of NET presentation with varied clinical signs and symptoms, which occasionally delay the diagnosis, thereby leading to an advanced stage at presentation. We present a rare case of paranasal sinus small cell neuroendocrine tumor and perform a review of the literature. A 71-year-old man presented with continuous bleeding from the left nostril and nasal congestion without any prior medical history. Clinical examination revealed nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, postnasal drip, and active bleeding. The laboratory data were within normal limits. Imaging studies showed a left sphenoid sinus mass extending to the left ethmoid sinus with a break in the cribriform plate encephalocele. An enlarged lymph node measuring 2.2 cm was noted in the left neck and supraclavicular region. The evaluation through stereotactic endoscopic sinus surgery and biopsy revealed left nasopharyngeal, sphenoid sinus, and ethmoid sinus masses. Pathologic biopsy findings were consistent with high-grade, malignant, small, round blue cell tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed high-grade small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. The patient was diagnosed with stage IV (TXN2bM0, T: tumor size, N: lymph node, M: metastasis) high-grade neuroendocrine tumor of the left paranasal sinus. He was treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy with two cycles of etoposide and cisplatin and radiation therapy with proton beam radiation therapy followed by two cycles of adjuvant etoposide cisplatin chemotherapy. The patient showed a good response to the treatment, as confirmed using imaging. He is currently being regularly followed up with serial imaging.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.13689
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Article: Evaluation of the plantar fascia in patients with diabetes mellitus: the role of sonoelastography.

C, Sneha Harish / Dixit, Rashmi / Singh, Sapna / Garg, Sandeep

Polish journal of radiology

2022 Volume 87, Page(s) e500–e505

Abstract: Purpose: It has been postulated that hyperglycaemic non-enzymatic glycation of proteins with subsequent accumulation of glycosylated end-products in tissues like the plantar fascia (PF) contributes to the development of foot ulcers in diabetics. The ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: It has been postulated that hyperglycaemic non-enzymatic glycation of proteins with subsequent accumulation of glycosylated end-products in tissues like the plantar fascia (PF) contributes to the development of foot ulcers in diabetics. The present study evaluates the spectrum of sonoelastographic findings in the plantar fascia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Material and methods: A total of 81 patients and 32 healthy volunteers were included in the study. PF thickness was registered 1 cm distal to the attachment at the calcaneus. Greyscale ultrasonographic examination was followed by strain elastography of the PF based on which PF were qualitatively categorized into 3 grades (hard, intermediate, soft) depending on their predominant colour. Results: Patients were found to have thicker PF than healthy volunteers ( Conclusions: To conclude, there is thickening and softening of the PF in patients with type 2 DM, supporting the hypo-thesis that diabetes-induced changes occur in the tissues of the foot.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-09
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2675143-4
ISSN	1899-0967 ; 1733-134X
ISSN (online)	1899-0967
ISSN	1733-134X
DOI	10.5114/pjr.2022.119474
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Article: Comparison of Serum Holotranscobalamin with Serum Vitamin B12 in Population Prone to Megaloblastic Anemia and their Correlation with Nerve Conduction Study.

Verma, Abhishek / Aggarwal, Sunita / Garg, Sandeep / Kaushik, Smita / Chowdhury, Debashish

Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB

2022 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) 42–50

Abstract: Early detection of megaloblastic anemia and associated neurological complications is crucial for management. This study was conducted to compare serum holotranscobalamin level with serum vitamin B12 level as early biomarker in people prone to ... ...

Abstract	Early detection of megaloblastic anemia and associated neurological complications is crucial for management. This study was conducted to compare serum holotranscobalamin level with serum vitamin B12 level as early biomarker in people prone to megaloblastic anemia and to evaluate co-relation between these biomarkers and nerve conduction study in study patients. 83 adult patients (Hb > 12 gm/dl) prone to megaloblastic anemia were studied for basic haematological investigations, random blood sugar, thyroid function test, liver function test, kidney function test, serum vitamin B12, serum holotranscobalamin and serum folic acid levels. 45 patients among them underwent nerve conduction studies. All study patients were classified in 6 groups on the basis of risk factors for megaloblastic anemia. 29 patients (34.9%) were on antiepileptic drugs, 26 (31.3%) were chronic alcoholic, 10 patients (12%) each, had malabsorption and ileal tuberculosis, 6 (7.22%) had chronic pancreatitis and 2 (2.4%) had ileal resection. 30 patients (36.14%) had low serum holotranscobalamin, including 7 patients (8.43%) with low serum vitamin B12 level also, unmasking vitamin B12 deficiency in 23 patients (27.7%). 7 patients (8.43%) had mean corpuscular volume (MCV) > 100fL and 8 patients (9.63%) had vitamin B12 deficiency related changes on peripheral smear. Serum vitamin B12 and holotranscobalamin levels were significantly low in patients with peripheral smear changes, with p value 0.039 and 0.041 respectively, while no such association seen with MCV. Subclinical peripheral neuropathy was detected in 18 (40%) out of 45 patients on nerve conduction study. Serum holotranscobalamin levels were significantly lower (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-17
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1033583-3
ISSN	0974-0422 ; 0970-1915
ISSN (online)	0974-0422
ISSN	0970-1915
DOI	10.1007/s12291-022-01027-x
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Article: Determinants of Treatment Adherence and Health Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension in a Low-Income Urban Agglomerate in Delhi, India: A Qualitative Study.

Sharma, Nandini / Mariam, Warisha / Basu, Saurav / Shrivastava, Rahul / Rao, Shivani / Sharma, Pragya / Garg, Sandeep

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) e34826

Abstract: Background Diabetes and hypertension (HTN) are increasing threats to global public health. Despite evidence of effective management of diabetes and HTN by medications that help in the prevention and reducing mortality of the disease, a large proportion ... ...

Abstract	Background Diabetes and hypertension (HTN) are increasing threats to global public health. Despite evidence of effective management of diabetes and HTN by medications that help in the prevention and reducing mortality of the disease, a large proportion of people either remain undiagnosed or untreated, especially in low-resource countries. This study was conducted to explore the patient treatment pathway and their health-seeking behavior in a low-income urban area. Methodology We conducted 45 in-depth interviews of adult patients affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or HTN on treatment for at least two years and attended the weekly clinic catering to an urban resettlement colony in the Northeast district of Delhi. Interviews were conducted and transcribed into Hindi and translated into English. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel. The patient treatment pathways were mapped, and their health-seeking behavior, treatment adherence, and experiences were described. Results Most patients reported taking treatment from the government primary health facilities due to optimal healthcare accessibility as the prescribed drugs for DM/HTN control were available free of cost at these healthcare facilities. Those who visited private facilities thought of shorter waiting times and the quality of drugs. Patients also had little knowledge of complications of diabetes and hypertensive disorders. Nearly 25% of patients had poor adherence to the medications, and lifestyle modification was rarely practiced by patients although they were aware of the same. Conclusions Expanding the role of community health workers or volunteers in providing information on noncommunicable diseases might help improve patient treatment pathways to care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.34826
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