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  1. Article: Lassa Virus Structural Biology and Replication.

    Garry, Robert F

    Current topics in microbiology and immunology

    2023  Volume 440, Page(s) 147–164

    Abstract: Lassa virus (LASV) is the causative agent of Lassa fever, an often-fatal hemorrhagic fever that is endemic in West Africa. LASV virions are enveloped and contain two single-stranded RNA genome segments. Both segments are ambisense and encode two proteins. ...

    Abstract Lassa virus (LASV) is the causative agent of Lassa fever, an often-fatal hemorrhagic fever that is endemic in West Africa. LASV virions are enveloped and contain two single-stranded RNA genome segments. Both segments are ambisense and encode two proteins. The nucleoprotein associates with viral RNAs forming ribonucleoprotein complexes. The glycoprotein complex mediates viral attachment and entry. The Zinc protein serves as the matrix protein. Large is a polymerase that catalyzes viral RNA transcription and replication. LASV virion entry occurs via a clathrin-independent endocytic pathway usually involving alpha-dystroglycan and lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 as surface and intracellular receptors, respectively. Advances in understanding LASV structural biology and replication have facilitated development of promising vaccine and drug candidates.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lassa virus/genetics ; Lassa virus/metabolism ; Lassa Fever/prevention & control ; Biology ; Africa, Western
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-26
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 210099-X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    DOI 10.1007/82_2023_262
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The evidence remains clear: SARS-CoV-2 emerged via the wildlife trade.

    Garry, Robert F

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2022  Volume 119, Issue 47, Page(s) e2214427119

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Animals, Wild ; COVID-19 ; Zoonoses/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2214427119
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 furin cleavage site was not engineered.

    Garry, Robert F

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2022  Volume 119, Issue 40, Page(s) e2211107119

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Furin ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances Furin (EC 3.4.21.75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2211107119
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  4. Article ; Online: Lassa fever - the road ahead.

    Garry, Robert F

    Nature reviews. Microbiology

    2022  Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 87–96

    Abstract: Lassa virus (LASV) is endemic in the rodent populations of Sierra Leone, Nigeria and other countries in West Africa. Spillover to humans occurs frequently and results in Lassa fever, a viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF) associated with a high case fatality ... ...

    Abstract Lassa virus (LASV) is endemic in the rodent populations of Sierra Leone, Nigeria and other countries in West Africa. Spillover to humans occurs frequently and results in Lassa fever, a viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF) associated with a high case fatality rate. Despite advances, fundamental gaps in knowledge of the immunology, epidemiology, ecology and pathogenesis of Lassa fever persist. More frequent outbreaks, the potential for further geographic expansion of Mastomys natalensis and other rodent reservoirs, the ease of procurement and possible use and weaponization of LASV, the frequent importation of LASV to North America and Europe, and the emergence of novel LASV strains in densely populated West Africa have driven new initiatives to develop countermeasures for LASV. Although promising candidates are being evaluated, as yet there are no approved vaccines or therapeutics for human use. This Review discusses the virology of LASV, the clinical course of Lassa fever and the progress towards developing medical countermeasures.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lassa Fever/epidemiology ; Lassa Fever/prevention & control ; Lassa virus ; Africa, Western/epidemiology ; Viral Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Viral Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2139054-X
    ISSN 1740-1534 ; 1740-1526
    ISSN (online) 1740-1534
    ISSN 1740-1526
    DOI 10.1038/s41579-022-00789-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Ebola virus can lie low and reactivate after years in human survivors.

    Garry, Robert F

    Nature

    2021  Volume 597, Issue 7877, Page(s) 478–480

    MeSH term(s) Ebolavirus ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/epidemiology ; Humans ; Survivors ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type News ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/d41586-021-02378-w
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  6. Article: 50 Years of Lassa Fever Research.

    Garry, Robert F

    Current topics in microbiology and immunology

    2020  Volume 440, Page(s) 1–22

    Abstract: Lassa fever was first described as a clinical entity fifty years ago. The causative agent Lassa virus was isolated from these first known cases. This chapter reviews the key publications on Lassa fever research that appeared in the scientific literature ... ...

    Abstract Lassa fever was first described as a clinical entity fifty years ago. The causative agent Lassa virus was isolated from these first known cases. This chapter reviews the key publications on Lassa fever research that appeared in the scientific literature at that time and over the ensuing decades.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lassa Fever/diagnosis ; Lassa virus/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-21
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 210099-X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    DOI 10.1007/82_2020_214
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  7. Article: Enterotoxigenic

    Melnik, Lilia I / Garry, Robert F

    Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 2

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Enterotoxigenic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2695572-6
    ISSN 2076-0817
    ISSN 2076-0817
    DOI 10.3390/pathogens11020170
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  8. Article ; Online: Ebola Mysteries and Conundrums.

    Garry, Robert F

    The Journal of infectious diseases

    2018  Volume 219, Issue 4, Page(s) 511–513

    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers ; Democratic Republic of the Congo ; Ebolavirus ; Health Personnel ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3019-3
    ISSN 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
    ISSN (online) 1537-6613
    ISSN 0022-1899
    DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiy476
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  9. Article ; Online: Role of the T cell vitamin D receptor in severe COVID-19.

    Kolls, Jay K / Garry, Robert F

    Nature immunology

    2021  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–6

    MeSH term(s) Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism ; COVID-19/pathology ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/immunology ; Interleukin-10/immunology ; Membrane Cofactor Protein/immunology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun/metabolism ; Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics ; Receptors, Calcitriol/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/immunology ; Th1 Cells/immunology ; Vitamin D/metabolism
    Chemical Substances BACH2 protein, human ; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; CD46 protein, human ; IFNG protein, human ; IL10 protein, human ; JUN protein, human ; Membrane Cofactor Protein ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; STAT3 protein, human ; VDR protein, human ; Interleukin-10 (130068-27-8) ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2016987-5
    ISSN 1529-2916 ; 1529-2908
    ISSN (online) 1529-2916
    ISSN 1529-2908
    DOI 10.1038/s41590-021-01098-7
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  10. Article: Lassa Fever Natural History and Clinical Management.

    Grant, Donald S / Samuels, Robert J / Garry, Robert F / Schieffelin, John S

    Current topics in microbiology and immunology

    2023  Volume 440, Page(s) 165–192

    Abstract: Lassa fever is caused by Lassa virus (LASV), an Old World Mammarenavirus that is carried by Mastomys natalensis and other rodents. It is endemic in Sierra Leone, Nigeria, and other countries in West Africa. The clinical presentation of LASV infection is ... ...

    Abstract Lassa fever is caused by Lassa virus (LASV), an Old World Mammarenavirus that is carried by Mastomys natalensis and other rodents. It is endemic in Sierra Leone, Nigeria, and other countries in West Africa. The clinical presentation of LASV infection is heterogenous varying from an inapparent or mild illness to a fatal hemorrhagic fever. Exposure to LASV is usually through contact with rodent excreta. After an incubation period of 1-3 weeks, initial symptoms such as fever, headache, and fatigue develop that may progress to sore throat, retrosternal chest pain, conjunctival injection, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Severe illness, including hypotension, shock, and multiorgan failure, develops in a minority of patients. Patient demographics and case fatality rates are distinctly different in Sierra Leone and Nigeria. Laboratory diagnosis relies on the detection of LASV antigens or genomic RNA. LASV-specific immunoglobulin G and M assays can also contribute to clinical management. The mainstay of treatment for Lassa fever is supportive care. The nucleoside analog ribavirin is commonly used to treat acute Lassa fever but is considered useful only if treatment is begun early in the disease course. Drugs in development, including a monoclonal antibody cocktail, have the potential to impact the management of Lassa fever.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lassa Fever/diagnosis ; Lassa Fever/drug therapy ; Lassa Fever/epidemiology ; Lassa virus/genetics ; Africa, Western ; Sierra Leone/epidemiology ; Antibodies, Viral
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-21
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 210099-X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    DOI 10.1007/82_2023_263
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