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Article ; Online: Impacts of extracellular polymeric substances on the behaviors of micro/nanoplastics in the water environment.

Ge, Zaiming / Lu, Xiaoxia

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2023 Volume 338, Page(s) 122691

Abstract: Increasing pollution of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) has caused widespread concern worldwide. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are natural organic polymers mainly produced by microorganisms, the major components of which are ... ...

Abstract	Increasing pollution of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) has caused widespread concern worldwide. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are natural organic polymers mainly produced by microorganisms, the major components of which are polysaccharides and proteins. This review focuses on the interactions that occur between EPS and MPs/NPs in the water environment and evaluates the effects of these interactions on the behaviors of MPs/NPs. EPS-driven formation of eco-corona, biofilm, and "marine snow" can incorporate MPs and NPs into sinking aggregates, resulting in the export of MPs/NPs from the upper water column. EPS coating greatly enhances the adsorption of metals and organic pollutants by MPs due to the larger specific surface area and the abundance of functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and amide groups. EPS can weaken the physical properties of MPs. Through the synergistic action of different extracellular enzymes, MPs may be decomposed into oligomers and monomers that can enter microbial cells for further mineralization. This review contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of MPs and NPs in the water environment and the associated ecological risks.
MeSH term(s)	Plastics ; Microplastics ; Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix/chemistry ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Polymers ; Water
Chemical Substances	Plastics ; Microplastics ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Polymers ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122691
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Article ; Online: Temporal change of plankton size structure preserved by Lugol’s solution: a FlowCAM study

Liu, Zijia / Roṅ-bo Gaṅs-dkar / Li, Qian P. / Wu, Zhengchao / Ge, Zaiming / Ma, Mengzhen

J. Ocean. Limnol.. 2023 Jan., v. 41, no. 1 p.290-299

2023

Abstract: Plankton size structure is crucial for understanding marine ecosystem dynamics and the associated biogeochemical processes. A fixation step by acid Lugol’s solution has been commonly employed to preserve plankton samples in the field. However, the acid ... ...

Abstract	Plankton size structure is crucial for understanding marine ecosystem dynamics and the associated biogeochemical processes. A fixation step by acid Lugol’s solution has been commonly employed to preserve plankton samples in the field. However, the acid Lugol’s solution can bias the estimation of size structure and the preserved plankton size structure can vary with time. Here, we explore the impact of sample storage time on the size-structure of the plankton community preserved by Lugol’s solution. Two short-term experiments and one long-term experiment were conducted to explore the change of plankton community size structure with the storage time: covering from a week to a month, and to nearly seven months based on particle-size data obtained by continuous Flow Cytometer and Microscope (FlowCAM) measurements. We found a linear change of plankton size with the storage time in short-term periods (less than 3 months) with a decrease of the slope but an increase of the intercept for the normalized biomass size spectrum (NBSS). However, there were opposite trends for NBSS with increasing slope but decreasing intercept after 3 months. The potential causes of the distinct patterns of the NBSS parameters are addressed in terms of the interplay between particle aggregation and fragmentation. We found large changes in plankton biovolume and abundance among different size classes, which may indicate a distinct effect of acid Lugol’s solution on various plankton size classes. The mechanism driving temporal change in the size-structure of the Lugol-fixed plankton community was further discussed in terms of particle aggregation and fragmentation. Finally, we emphasize that the effect of storage time should be taken into account when interpreting or comparing data of plankton community acquired from samples with various storage durations.
Keywords	biomass ; flow cytometry ; long term experiments ; marine ecosystems ; particle size ; plankton ; storage time ; temporal variation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-01
Size	p. 290-299.
Publishing place	Science Press
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	2096-5508
DOI	10.1007/s00343-021-1155-1
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Transparent exopolymer particle dynamics along a shelf-to-sea gradient and impacts on the regional carbon cycle

Ge, Zaiming / Li, Qian P. / Yang, Weifeng / Liu, Xin / Wu, Zhengchao

Science of the total environment. 2022 Feb. 20, v. 808

2022

Abstract: Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) have drawn extensive attention in recent decades due to their crucial role in the biogeochemical and ecological processes of the ocean. However, TEP distribution and fluxes are relatively less addressed in the ... ...

Abstract	Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) have drawn extensive attention in recent decades due to their crucial role in the biogeochemical and ecological processes of the ocean. However, TEP distribution and fluxes are relatively less addressed in the shelf-seas, where its variability can be affected by not only biology but also complex physical dynamics. Here, we present a comprehensive study of TEP from the coast to the basin (12 sampling sites) of the northern South China Sea (NSCS). We found a large TEP variability from 0.6 to 78.6 μg Xeq. L⁻¹ with higher levels in the coastal waters than the offshore epipelagic waters and the deep waters. In addition, the spatial distribution of TEP was significantly correlated to the cross-shelf change of temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll-a, revealing the complex physical-biogeochemical controls on TEP variability. We found the TEP dynamics nearshore largely influenced by the sedimentation and transportation of TEP-rich aggregates from the river plume. The contribution of TEP to particulate organic carbon (POC) increased gradually when approaching the shore from the sea, suggesting an elevated role of TEP in the coastal carbon cycle. Finally, a good correlation of particle-attached bacteria (PAB) with TEP but not POC revealed a preferential utilization of TEP by PAB. Thus, TEP may play an essential role in the recycling of carbon and nitrogen in the shelf-sea. These findings are crucial for understanding of the TEP dynamics under a changing environment and the associated impacts on the oceanic carbon cycle.
Keywords	basins ; carbon cycle ; chlorophyll ; coasts ; environment ; nitrogen ; particulate organic carbon ; river plume ; salinity ; temperature ; transportation ; South China Sea
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0220
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152117
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Article: Variability of plankton size distribution and controlling factors across a coastal frontal zone

Liu, Zijia / Li, Qian P. / Ge, Zaiming / Shuai, Yiping

Progress in oceanography. 2021 Sept., Oct., v. 197

2021

Abstract: Strong temperature fronts are commonly formed in the coastal northern South China Sea (NSCS) by mixing of the nearshore mesotrophic cold waters with the offshore oligotrophic warm waters. To understand community response to the rapid environmental change ...

Abstract	Strong temperature fronts are commonly formed in the coastal northern South China Sea (NSCS) by mixing of the nearshore mesotrophic cold waters with the offshore oligotrophic warm waters. To understand community response to the rapid environmental change across the frontal system, a field survey was conducted during March 2019 focusing on the spatial and vertical variations of plankton size structure, including chlorophyll-a size-fractionation, picoplankton composition and biomass via flow cytometry, as well as the normalized biovolume size spectrum (NBSS) of nano- and microplankton by Flow Image Microscopy (FlowCAM). In the surface layer, we observed a substantial loss of chain-forming diatoms from the nearshore to the frontal zone. In contrast, a rapid decline of small phytoplankton including Synechococcus, picoeukaryotes, and small nanoplankton (mainly Chaetoceros) was documented from the frontal zone to the offshore. The sharp change in surface plankton community had resulted in a large spatial variation of the mean NBSS slope from −0.37 in the nearshore, to −0.78 at the frontal zone, and −0.62 in the offshore. The cross-frontal change of plankton size composition could be explained by the varying physical and biogeochemical settings given the significant correlations of the NBSS slope and intercept with both nutrient and temperature in the surface waters. In the bottom layer of the temperature front, the resuspension of sediment detrital particles was found to substantially affect the particle size spectra with the steepest NBSS slope (−0.94) but the highest NBSS intercept (18.92) appearing at the bottom of the frontal zone. When the sediment signals were removed, the spatial change in abundance of microplankton from FlowCAM showed a general agreement with that from the micro-phytoplankton chlorophyll-a revealing the importance of phytoplankton dynamics and sediment resuspension in controlling the cross-frontal distribution of plankton size structure in the bottom layer. Finally, we found a significant negative correlation of the NBSS slope with the transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in the bottom waters, which is different from the positive correlation observed in the surface waters. This result may be related to various roles of TEP on particle size structure in different layers of the frontal system.
Keywords	Chaetoceros ; Synechococcus ; biomass ; chlorophyll ; cold ; flow cytometry ; microscopy ; oceanography ; particle size ; phytoplankton ; sediments ; surveys ; temperature ; South China Sea
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-09
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ISSN	0079-6611
DOI	10.1016/j.pocean.2021.102665
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Transparent exopolymer particle dynamics along a shelf-to-sea gradient and impacts on the regional carbon cycle.

Ge, Zaiming / Li, Qian P / Yang, Weifeng / Liu, Xin / Wu, Zhengchao

The Science of the total environment

2021 Volume 808, Page(s) 152117

Abstract	Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) have drawn extensive attention in recent decades due to their crucial role in the biogeochemical and ecological processes of the ocean. However, TEP distribution and fluxes are relatively less addressed in the shelf-seas, where its variability can be affected by not only biology but also complex physical dynamics. Here, we present a comprehensive study of TEP from the coast to the basin (12 sampling sites) of the northern South China Sea (NSCS). We found a large TEP variability from 0.6 to 78.6 μg Xeq. L
MeSH term(s)	Carbon ; Carbon Cycle ; Chlorophyll A ; Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix ; Oceans and Seas
Chemical Substances	Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Chlorophyll A (YF5Q9EJC8Y)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-02
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152117
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Book ; Online: Impacts of biogenic polyunsaturated aldehydes on metabolism and community composition of particle-attached bacteria in coastal hypoxia

Wu, Zhengchao / Li, Qian P. / Ge, Zaiming / Huang, Bangqin / Dong, Chunming

eISSN: 1726-4189

2021

Abstract: Eutrophication-driven coastal hypoxia has been of great interest for decades, though its mechanisms remain not fully understood. Here, we showed elevated concentrations of particulate and dissolved polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs) associated with the ... ...

Abstract	Eutrophication-driven coastal hypoxia has been of great interest for decades, though its mechanisms remain not fully understood. Here, we showed elevated concentrations of particulate and dissolved polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs) associated with the hypoxic waters in the bottom layer of a salt-wedge estuary. Bacterial respiration within the hypoxic waters was mainly contributed by particle-attached bacteria (PAB) ( > 0.8 µ m), with free-living bacteria (0.2–0.8 µ m) only accounting for 25 %–30 % of the total rate. The concentrations of particle-adsorbed PUAs ( ∼ 10 µ mol L −1 ) in the hypoxic waters were directly quantified for the first time based on large-volume filtration and subsequent on-site PUA derivation and extraction. PUA-amended incubation experiments for PAB ( > 25 µ m) associated with sinking or suspended particles retrieved from the low-oxygen waters were also performed to explore the impacts of PUAs on the growth and metabolism of PAB and associated oxygen utilization. We found an increase in cell growth of PAB in response to low-dose PUAs (1 µ mol L −1 ) but an enhanced cell-specific bacterial respiration and production in response to high-dose PUAs (100 µ mol L −1 ). Improved cell-specific metabolism of PAB in response to high-dose PUAs was also accompanied by a shift of PAB community structure with increased dominance of the genus Alteromonas within the Gammaproteobacteria. We thus conclude that a high PUA concentration associated with aggregate particles within the bottom layer may be crucial for some species within Alteromonas to regulate PAB community structure. The change in bacteria community could lead to an enhancement of oxygen utilization during the degradation of particulate organic matter and thus likely contribute to the formation of coastal hypoxia. These findings are potentially important for coastal systems with large river inputs, intense phytoplankton blooms driven by eutrophication, and strong hypoxia developed below the salt-wedge front.
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-12
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Biophysical controls on seasonal changes in the structure, growth, and grazing of the size-fractionated phytoplankton community in the northern South China Sea

Dong, Yuan / Li, Qian P. / Wu, Zhengchao / Shuai, Yiping / Liu, Zijia / Ge, Zaiming / Zhou, Weiwen / Chen, Yinchao

eISSN: 1726-4189

2021

Abstract: The size-fractionated phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing are crucial for the temporal change of community size structure, regulating not only trophic transfer but also the carbon cycle of the ocean. However, the size-dependent growth and ... ...

Abstract	The size-fractionated phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing are crucial for the temporal change of community size structure, regulating not only trophic transfer but also the carbon cycle of the ocean. However, the size-dependent growth and grazing dynamics on a monthly or an annual basis are less addressed in the coastal ocean. In this paper, the seasonal responses of the size-fractionated phytoplankton growth and grazing to environmental change were examined over 1 year at a coastal site of the northern South China Sea. We found a nanophytoplankton-dominated community with strong seasonal variations in all size classes. Phytoplankton community growth rate was positively correlated to nutrients, with community grazing rate correlating to the total chlorophyll a at the station, reflecting a combined bottom-up and top-down effect on phytoplankton population dynamics. Further analyses suggested that the specific growth rate of microphytoplankton was significantly influenced by phosphate, and that of nanophytoplankton was influenced by light, although picophytoplankton growth was controlled by both nitrate and temperature. In addition, the specific grazing rate of nanophytoplankton was well correlated to phytoplankton standing stock, while that of micro- and pico-compartments was negatively influenced by ciliate abundance and salinity. Finally, a lower grazing impact for micro-cells (38 %) than nano- and pico-cells (72 % and 60 %, respectively) may support size-selective grazing of microzooplankton on small cells at this eutrophic system.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-16
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Biophysical controls on seasonal changes in the structure, growth, and grazing of the size-fractioned phytoplankton community in the northern South China Sea

Dong, Yuan / Li, Qian / Wu, Zhengchao / Shuai, Yiping / Liu, Zijia / Ge, Zaiming / Zhou, Weiwen / Chen, Yinchao

eISSN: 1726-4189

2021

Abstract: The size-fractionated phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing are crucial for the temporal change of community size-structure, regulating not only trophic transfer but also carbon cycle of the ocean. However, the size-dependent growth and ... ...

Abstract	The size-fractionated phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing are crucial for the temporal change of community size-structure, regulating not only trophic transfer but also carbon cycle of the ocean. However, the size-dependent growth and grazing dynamics on monthly or an annual basis are less addressed in the coastal ocean. In this paper, the seasonal responses of the size-fractionated phytoplankton growth and grazing to environmental change were examined over a one-year period at a coastal site of the northern South China Sea. We found a nanophytoplankton dominated community with strong seasonal variations of all size classes. Phytoplankton community growth rate was positively correlated to nutrients with community grazing rate correlating to the total chlorophyll- a at the station, reflecting a combined bottom-up and top-down effect on phytoplankton population dynamics. Further analyses suggested that the specific growth rate of microphytoplankton was significantly influenced by phosphate with that of nanophytoplankton by light, although picophytoplankton growth was controlled by both nitrate and temperature. In addition, the specific grazing rate of nanophytoplankton was well correlated to phytoplankton standing stock, while those of micro- and pico-compartments were negatively influenced by ciliate abundance and salinity. Finally, a lower grazing impact for micro-cells (38 %) than nano- and pico-cells (72 % and 60 %, respectively) may support a size-selective grazing of microzooplankton on small cells at this eutrophic system.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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