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Article: Simulation and impact analysis of behavioral and socioeconomic dimensions of energy consumption

Ghofrani, Ali / Zaidan, Esmat / Abulibdeh, Ammar

Energy. 2022 Feb. 01, v. 240

2022

Abstract: Human-oriented factors present unavoidable challenges and uncertainties in building energy strategic planning. The uncertainties escalate when the target society is not fully known to the decision-maker and can create performance gaps between the ... ...

Abstract	Human-oriented factors present unavoidable challenges and uncertainties in building energy strategic planning. The uncertainties escalate when the target society is not fully known to the decision-maker and can create performance gaps between the expected and actual outcomes of sustainability targets. This article aims to investigate the role of socioeconomic and behavioral dimensions in residential energy consumption patterns among regions that host high proportions of migrant communities with diverse cultural and ethnic traits. This study evaluates the patterns in human-building interactions and energy behaviors among local and migrant communities based on empirical evidence and survey analysis. The survey data are investigated via machine learning approaches to identify the interdependencies between and feature importance of critical factors that influence human-building interactions and to determine elements that help to discern the energy behavior of locals and migrants. A simulation analysis is conducted to analyze residential energy consumption under different human indoor thermal comfort preferences in multiple case scenarios to demonstrate how improvements in human-building interaction can create saving opportunities. The findings capture the main socioeconomic and behavioral contributors in residential energy consumption and demonstrate the impact of human factor at a high level in regions with imbalanced demographics and societies in transition.
Keywords	decision making ; demographic statistics ; energy ; humans ; simulation models ; society ; surveys
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0201
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2019804-8
ISSN	0360-5442 ; 0360-5442
ISSN (online)	0360-5442
ISSN	0360-5442
DOI	10.1016/j.energy.2021.122502
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Tachykardien bei pulmonalarterieller Hypertonie.

Bandorski, D / Bogossian, H / Ghofrani, A / Schmitt, J / Höltgen, R

Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie

2020 Volume 31, Issue 1, Page(s) 33–38

Abstract: Pulmonary hypertension is newly defined as an elevation of the mean pulmonary arterial pressure >20 mmHg and a pulmonary vascular resistance ≥3 Wood units. Arrhythmias are an increasing problem in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Pathophysiological ... ...

Title translation	Tachycardia and pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Abstract	Pulmonary hypertension is newly defined as an elevation of the mean pulmonary arterial pressure >20 mmHg and a pulmonary vascular resistance ≥3 Wood units. Arrhythmias are an increasing problem in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Pathophysiological aspects leading to supraventricular arrhythmias are atrial fibrosis caused by increased right atrial pressure and dilation. An increased sympathetic tone leads to prolongation of action potential and delayed polarisations causing arrhythmias. Therapy of arrhythmias includes drugs (preferred amiodarone) and electrophysiological therapy like electric cardioversion and ablation, which is safe in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
MeSH term(s)	Amiodarone ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Electric Countershock ; Humans ; Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular
Chemical Substances	Amiodarone (N3RQ532IUT)
Language	German
Publishing date	2020-02-11
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1082953-2
ISSN	1435-1544 ; 0938-7412
ISSN (online)	1435-1544
ISSN	0938-7412
DOI	10.1007/s00399-020-00668-w
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Article ; Online: The Early Detection of Pulmonary Hypertension.

Ley, Lukas / Grimminger, Friedrich / Richter, Manuel / Tello, Khodr / Ghofrani, Ardeschir / Bandorski, Dirk

Deutsches Arzteblatt international

2023 Volume 120, Issue 48, Page(s) 823–830

Abstract: Background: Up to 1% of the world population and 10% of all persons over age 65 suffer from pulmonary hypertension (PH). The latency from the first symptom to the diagnosis is more than one year on average, and more than three years in 20% of patients. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Up to 1% of the world population and 10% of all persons over age 65 suffer from pulmonary hypertension (PH). The latency from the first symptom to the diagnosis is more than one year on average, and more than three years in 20% of patients. 40% seek help from more than four different physicians until their condition is finally diagnosed. Methods: This review is based on publications retrieved by a selective literature search on pulmonary hypertension. Results: The most common causes of pulmonary hypertension are left heart diseases and lung diseases. Its cardinal symptom is exertional dyspnea that worsens as the disease progresses. Additional symptoms of right heart failure are seen in advanced stages. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) are rare, difficult to diagnose, and of particular clinical relevance because specific treatments are available. For this reason, strategies for the early detection of PAH and CTEPH have been developed. The clinical suspicion of PH arises in a patient who has nonspecific symptoms, electrocardiographic changes, and an abnormal (NT-pro-)BNP concentration. Once the suspicion of PH has been confirmed by echocardiography and, if necessary, differential-diagnostic evaluation with a cardiopulmonary stress test, and after the exclusion of a primary left heart disease or lung disease, the patient should be referred to a PH center for further diagnostic assessment, classification, and treatment. Conclusion: If both the (NT-pro-)BNP and the ECG are normal, PH is unlikely. Knowledge of the characteristic clinical manifestations and test results of PH is needed so that patients can be properly selected for referral to specialists and experts in PH.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology ; Exercise Test ; Dyspnea/etiology ; Dyspnea/complications ; Echocardiography ; Heart Diseases ; Pulmonary Embolism/complications ; Chronic Disease
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-25
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2406159-1
ISSN	1866-0452 ; 1866-0452
ISSN (online)	1866-0452
ISSN	1866-0452
DOI	10.3238/arztebl.m2023.0222
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Article ; Online: Reply to "Risk stratification in PH associated with interstitial lung disease: The Holy Grail?"

Tello, Khodr / Yogeswaran, Athiththan / Ghofrani, Ardeschir / Gall, Henning

The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation

2021 Volume 40, Issue 4, Page(s) 317

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis ; Risk Assessment
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1062522-7
ISSN	1557-3117 ; 1053-2498
ISSN (online)	1557-3117
ISSN	1053-2498
DOI	10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.003
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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Right ventricular function in pulmonary (arterial) hypertension.

Tello, K / Gall, H / Richter, M / Ghofrani, A / Schermuly, R

Herz

2019 Volume 44, Issue 6, Page(s) 509–516

Abstract: The right ventricle (RV) is the main determinant of prognosis in pulmonary hypertension. Adaptation and maladaptation of the RV are of crucial importance. In the course of disease, RV contractility increases through changes in muscle properties and ... ...

Title translation	Rechtsventrikuläre Funktion bei pulmonaler (arterieller) Hypertonie.
Abstract	The right ventricle (RV) is the main determinant of prognosis in pulmonary hypertension. Adaptation and maladaptation of the RV are of crucial importance. In the course of disease, RV contractility increases through changes in muscle properties and muscle hypertrophy. At a certain point, the point of "uncoupling," the afterload exceeds contractility, and maladaptation as well as dilation occurs to maintain stroke volume (SV). To understand the adaptational processes and to further develop targeted medication directly affecting load-independent contractility, an accurate and precise assessment of contractility and RV-pulmonary artery (PA) coupling should be performed. In this review, we shed light on existing methods to assess RV function, including the gold standard measurement of contractility and RV-PA coupling, and we evaluate existing surrogates of RV-PA coupling.
MeSH term(s)	Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/complications ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology ; Pulmonary Artery ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right ; Ventricular Function, Right
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-07
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	8262-4
ISSN	1615-6692 ; 0340-9937 ; 0946-1299
ISSN (online)	1615-6692
ISSN	0340-9937 ; 0946-1299
DOI	10.1007/s00059-019-4815-6
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Zs.A 1270: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 426: Show issues

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Book ; Online: Nonlinear Time-History Analysis of Soil-Structure Systems Incorporating Frequency-Dependent Impedance Functions

Ghahari, S. Farid / Ghofrani, Alborz / Zhang, Jian / Taciroglu, Ertugrul

2023

Abstract: To accurately analyze structures, soil-structure interaction effects must be taken into account. One approach is to create a complete finite element model of the full system wherein the soil is represented as a semi-infinite domain. This direct method is ...

Abstract	To accurately analyze structures, soil-structure interaction effects must be taken into account. One approach is to create a complete finite element model of the full system wherein the soil is represented as a semi-infinite domain. This direct method is frequently adopted in research studies, but it is typically avoided in engineering practice due to the labor-intensive model development, and the high computational cost. In practice, soil-structure interaction analysis is mostly carried out through a substructure approach where the superstructure is modeled through a detailed model and is placed on a soil-foundation substructure which is represented by a system called impedance function. Then, the entire system is analyzed under foundation input motions. While the method is theoretically designed for linear-elastic behavior, it can be partially applied to nonlinear systems too. Although impedance functions for various soil and foundation configurations can be obtained from analytical, numerical, or experimental analyses, their implementation in the time-domain is not trivial because they are frequency-dependent. A simple solution for this problem has been to convert them to some physical models with frequency-independent components, but there is no straightforward way to connect these components. More importantly, the coefficients of these components could be non-physical parameters that cannot be modeled in software like OpenSEES. To resolve these problems, various alternative approaches have been proposed in the literature. In this project, we review some of the existing solutions and verify them through numerical examples. After extensive review and evaluation, the Hybrid Time Frequency Domain method seems a more practical solution with fewer stability issues. This method is implemented in Opensees to be used by researchers and practitioners.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computational Engineering ; Finance ; and Science
Subject code	000
Publishing date	2023-12-10
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Capsule-Based Persian/Arabic Robust Handwritten Digit Recognition Using EM Routing

Ghofrani, Ali / Toroghi, Rahil Mahdian

2019

Abstract: In this paper, the problem of handwritten digit recognition has been addressed. However, the underlying language is Persian/Arabic, and the system with which this task is a capsule network (CapsNet) has recently emerged as a more advanced architecture ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, the problem of handwritten digit recognition has been addressed. However, the underlying language is Persian/Arabic, and the system with which this task is a capsule network (CapsNet) has recently emerged as a more advanced architecture than its ancestor, namely CNN (Convolutional Neural Network). The training of the architecture is performed using the Hoda dataset, which has been provided for Persian/Arabic handwritten digits. The output of the system clearly outperforms the results achieved by its ancestors, as well as other previously presented recognition algorithms. Comment: 5 pages, 10 figures, 4th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis (IPRIA2019), IEEE
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Publishing date	2019-12-08
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: APS

Ghofrani, Ali / Toroghi, Rahil Mahdian / Tabatabaie, Seyed Mojtaba

A Large-Scale Multi-Modal Indoor Camera Positioning System

2021

Abstract: Navigation inside a closed area with no GPS-signal accessibility is a highly challenging task. In order to tackle this problem, recently the imaging-based methods have grabbed the attention of many researchers. These methods either extract the features ( ... ...

Abstract	Navigation inside a closed area with no GPS-signal accessibility is a highly challenging task. In order to tackle this problem, recently the imaging-based methods have grabbed the attention of many researchers. These methods either extract the features (e.g. using SIFT, or SOSNet) and map the descriptive ones to the camera position and rotation information, or deploy an end-to-end system that directly estimates this information out of RGB images, similar to PoseNet. While the former methods suffer from heavy computational burden during the test process, the latter suffers from lack of accuracy and robustness against environmental changes and object movements. However, end-to-end systems are quite fast during the test and inference and are pretty qualified for real-world applications, even though their training phase could be longer than the former ones. In this paper, a novel multi-modal end-to-end system for large-scale indoor positioning has been proposed, namely APS (Alpha Positioning System), which integrates a Pix2Pix GAN network to reconstruct the point cloud pair of the input query image, with a deep CNN network in order to robustly estimate the position and rotation information of the camera. For this integration, the existing datasets have the shortcoming of paired RGB/point cloud images for indoor environments. Therefore, we created a new dataset to handle this situation. By implementing the proposed APS system, we could achieve a highly accurate camera positioning with a precision level of less than a centimeter. Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, MedPRAI 2020
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2021-02-08
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Herzrhythmusstörungen bei Patienten mit pulmonaler Hypertonie und Lungenerkrankungen.

Bandorski, Dirk / Höltgen, Reinhard / Ghofrani, Ardeschir / Johnson, Viktoria / Schmitt, Jörn

Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie

2019 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 234–239

Abstract: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) occurs in 1% of the global population and can be divided in different disease groups. Pathophysiological aspects leading to supraventricular arrhythmias in these patients are due to increased pulmonary and right ... ...

Title translation	Arrhythmias in patients with pulmonary hypertension and chronic lung disease.
Abstract	Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) occurs in 1% of the global population and can be divided in different disease groups. Pathophysiological aspects leading to supraventricular arrhythmias in these patients are due to increased pulmonary and right atrial pressure, increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system leading to right atrial electrical remodeling and ischemia in the right atrium. In the clinical setting these patients present with atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation or with ectopic atrial tachycardia. Regarding ventricular tachycardia there is a lack of data. Occurrence of arrhythmia in these patients leads to a deterioration of PAH, so rhythm control should be the aim. This can be achieved by right atrial ablation, especially in patients presenting with atrial flutter; electric cardioversion or antiarrhythmic drug therapy are without definite guideline recommendations since there are too few clinical trials. Ablation with a transseptal approach in the left atrium is considered rather dangerous and should be avoided. Regarding arrhythmias in patients with chronic lung disease, few data are available. For patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there are good data available. These patients often suffer from coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular tachycardia. Beta-blockers play an important role in COPD patients, even during exacerbation. Interventional therapies are safe but the arrhythmogenic foci often located outside of the pulmonary veins (in the right atrium).
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Atrial Flutter ; Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular
Chemical Substances	Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
Language	German
Publishing date	2019-08-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1082953-2
ISSN	1435-1544 ; 0938-7412
ISSN (online)	1435-1544
ISSN	0938-7412
DOI	10.1007/s00399-019-00637-y
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Zs.A 3286: Show issues

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Book ; Online: ICPS-net

Ghofrani, Ali / Toroghi, Rahil Mahdian / Tabatabaie, Sayed Mojtaba

An End-to-End RGB-based Indoor Camera Positioning System using deep convolutional neural networks

2019

Abstract: Indoor positioning and navigation inside an area with no GPS-data availability is a challenging problem. There are applications such as augmented reality, autonomous driving, navigation of drones inside tunnels, in which indoor positioning gets crucial. ... ...

Abstract	Indoor positioning and navigation inside an area with no GPS-data availability is a challenging problem. There are applications such as augmented reality, autonomous driving, navigation of drones inside tunnels, in which indoor positioning gets crucial. In this paper, a tandem architecture of deep network-based systems, for the first time to our knowledge, is developed to address this problem. This structure is trained on the scene images being obtained through scanning of the desired area segments using photogrammetry. A CNN structure based on EfficientNet is trained as a classifier of the scenes, followed by a MobileNet CNN structure which is trained to perform as a regressor. The proposed system achieves amazingly fine precisions for both Cartesian position and Quaternion information of the camera. Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, pre-print of ICMV2019 accepted paper
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Subject code	629
Publishing date	2019-10-14
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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