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Article ; Online: Revisiting the molecular mechanisms and adaptive strategies associated with drought stress tolerance in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Nadeem Bhanbhro / Hong-Jin Wang / Hao Yang / Xiao-Jing Xu / Ali Murad Jakhar / Abdullah shalmani / Rui-Xiang Zhang / Qadir Bakhsh / Ghulam Akbar / Muhammad Iqbal Jakhro / Yaseen Khan / Kun-Ming Chen

Plant Stress, Vol 11, Iss , Pp 100298- (2024)

1481

Abstract: Drought is a misfortune for crops. Wheat is a staple crop and its sustainability and adequate supply are vital to food security around the world. The development of drought-tolerant cultivars in wheat is a major challenge to breeders, therefore there is ... ...

Abstract	Drought is a misfortune for crops. Wheat is a staple crop and its sustainability and adequate supply are vital to food security around the world. The development of drought-tolerant cultivars in wheat is a major challenge to breeders, therefore there is dire need of time to determine the genetic components of drought tolerance in wheat crop. To overcome intense drought stress, wheat plants undergo certain morphological and physiological changes and develop certain genetically adaptive mechanisms. Since wheat is an allotriploid with three sub-genomes, its adaptability molecular mechanisms to drought, particularly needs scientific attention. Here, we systematically and comprehensively reviewed the causes of wheat drought tolerance and the consequences for wheat physiology and genetics. The quantitative trait loci (QTL), which be function on the control of wheat drought tolerance, were comprehensively summarized by a meta-analysis and total 75 meta-QTLs (MQTLs) were identified. In addition, we summarized the genes tightly involved in wheat drought tolerance, and several important genes were selected to elucidate signaling networks related to the wheat drought tolerance. This review is integral to growing suitable strains in the worldwide arid regions to improve wheat yields under recent global climate change scenarios.
Keywords	Drought tolerance ; wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ; signaling networks ; phytohormones ; quantitative trait loci (QTL) ; Plant ecology ; QK900-989
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: 2D–2D heterostructure g-C3N4-based materials for photocatalytic H2 evolution

Rashid Mehmood / Zia Ahmad / Muhammad Bilal Hussain / Muhammad Athar / Ghulam Akbar / Zeeshan Ajmal / Sikandar Iqbal / Rameez Razaq / Mohammad Arif Ali / Abdul Qayum / Aadil Nabi Chishti / Fakhr uz Zaman / Rahim Shah / Shahid Zaman / Adnan

Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol

Progress and perspectives

2022 Volume 10

Abstract: Photocatalytic hydrogen generation from direct water splitting is recognized as a progressive and renewable energy producer. The secret to understanding this phenomenon is discovering an efficient photocatalyst that preferably uses sunlight energy. Two- ... ...

Abstract	Photocatalytic hydrogen generation from direct water splitting is recognized as a progressive and renewable energy producer. The secret to understanding this phenomenon is discovering an efficient photocatalyst that preferably uses sunlight energy. Two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based materials are promising for photocatalytic water splitting due to special characteristics such as appropriate band gap, visible light active, ultra-high specific surface area, and abundantly exposed active sites. However, the inadequate photocatalytic activity of pure 2D layered g-C3N4-based materials is a massive challenge due to the quick recombination between photogenerated holes and electrons. Creating 2D heterogeneous photocatalysts is a cost-effective strategy for clean and renewable hydrogen production on a larger scale. The 2D g-C3N4-based heterostructure with the combined merits of each 2D component, which facilitate the rapid charge separation through the heterojunction effect on photocatalyst, has been evidenced to be very effective in enhancing the photocatalytic performance. To further improve the photocatalytic efficiency, the development of novel 2D g-C3N4-based heterostructure photocatalysts is critical. This mini-review covers the fundamental concepts, recent advancements, and applications in photocatalytic hydrogen production. Furthermore, the challenges and perspectives on 2D g-C3N4-based heterostructure photocatalysts demonstrate the future direction toward sustainability.
Keywords	photocatalytic H2 evolution ; two dimensional ; graphitic carbon nitride ; heterojunction ; sustainable energy ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Benchmark of Plant Communities of Cholistan Desert

Mohammad Arshad / Ghulam Akbar

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 5, Iss 10, Pp 1110-

2002 Volume 1113

Abstract: In Cholistan desert various landform units and associated plant communities were recognized. Out of sixteen, ten communities were identified in smaller Cholistan i.e. Calligonum polygonoides-Haloxylon salicornicum, Tamarix aphylla-Suaeda fruticosa, ... ...

Abstract	In Cholistan desert various landform units and associated plant communities were recognized. Out of sixteen, ten communities were identified in smaller Cholistan i.e. Calligonum polygonoides-Haloxylon salicornicum, Tamarix aphylla-Suaeda fruticosa, Haloxylon recurvum, Calligonum polygonoides-Lasiurus scindicus-Cyperus conglomeratus, Prosopis cineraria-Haloxylon salicornicum, Capparis decidua-Aerva persica-Haloxylon salicornicum - Haloxylon recurvum, Capparis decidua-Cymbopogon jwarancusa, Prosopis cineraria-Haloxylon recurvum-Haloxylon salicornicum, Prosopis cineraria-Capparis deciduas-Calligonum polygonoides and Haloxylon recurvum-Haloxylon salicornicum . While six plant communities were identified in greater Cholistan viz; Calligonum polygonoides-Haloxylon salicornicum-Dipterygium glaucum, Calligonum polygonoides-Aerva pseudotomentosa, Haloxlon salicornicum, Calligonum polygonoides-Aerva pseudotomentosa - Panicum turgidum, Calligonum polygonoides and Ochthochloa compressa . Threuophytes were dominant during the rainy season and initially colonized the base sand dunes. Perennial trees, shrubs, grasses and herbs were of the stable plant communities.
Keywords	plant communties ; cholisan ladforms ; thjreuophytes ; perennial ; desert ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Biology ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences
Language	English
Publishing date	2002-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Asian Network for Scientific Information
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Functional Parathyroid Cyst

Areej Khan / Yusra Khan / Shahzad Raza / Ghulam Akbar / Monis Khan / Nauman Diwan / Wajih Rizvi

Case Reports in Medicine, Vol

A Rare Cause of Malignant Hypercalcemia with Primary Hyperparathyroidism—A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2012 Volume 2012

Abstract: Parathyroid cysts are rare lesions found in the neck and anterior mediastinum. They are often nonfunctional (>90%) and rarely in the functional form. This paper discusses a case of severe hypercalcemia (23 mg/dL) secondary to a rare functional ... ...

Abstract	Parathyroid cysts are rare lesions found in the neck and anterior mediastinum. They are often nonfunctional (>90%) and rarely in the functional form. This paper discusses a case of severe hypercalcemia (23 mg/dL) secondary to a rare functional parathyroid cyst. The patient was later found to have a hemorrhagic cyst with compression of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve. Preoperative diagnosis of the lesion was parathyroid carcinoma. However, reexploration of the parathyroid mass along with microscopic study confirmed the diagnosis of a parathyroid cyst. Following cystectomy, the patient restored her baseline functional status with preservation of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve. Postoperative followup three years later showed no evidence of cyst recurrence. This paper illustrates the rare presentation of parathyroid functional cysts with severe hypercalcemia and primary hyperparathyroidism. Physicians should be aware of the presence of hemorrhage, inflammation, and compressive symptoms in these cysts which mimic parathyroid carcinoma. These patients should be managed with aggressive medical and surgical intervention.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Impact of Protection on Forage Yield and Vegetation Cover in Suketar Valley of Mirpur (Azad Kashmir)

Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar / M. I. Sultani / Ghulam Akbar

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 3, Iss 11, Pp 1957-

2000 Volume 1961

Abstract: Vegetation survey of the lower and upper Suketar watershed was conducted to determine the vegetation cover, forage production and grazing capacity in protected and unprotected areas. Total vegetation cover was much higher inside the enclosures than ... ...

Abstract	Vegetation survey of the lower and upper Suketar watershed was conducted to determine the vegetation cover, forage production and grazing capacity in protected and unprotected areas. Total vegetation cover was much higher inside the enclosures than outside. Forage production and grazing capacity was 4-40 times higher in protected areas than the areas open to grazing. It can be concluded that 3-4 years of protection can substantially increase the cover and forage yield and hence grazing capacity of the livestock.
Keywords	Protection plant cover ; forage yield vegetation cover ; exclosure ; azad kashmir ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Biology ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences
Language	English
Publishing date	2000-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Asian Network for Scientific Information
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Host Plants Associated with Outbreaks of Whitefly as it Relates to Population Management in Cotton in Sindh, Pakistan

Ghulam Hussain Mallah / Ghulam Akbar Panhwar / Mohammad Yousif Solangi

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 4, Iss 4, Pp 407-

2001 Volume 410

Abstract: Cultivated vegetables, selected ornamental plants and weed hosts have been sampled throughout the year during 1997 to gain a better understanding of the pest and their relative importance in this regard. Key factors identified as contributing to the ... ...

Abstract	Cultivated vegetables, selected ornamental plants and weed hosts have been sampled throughout the year during 1997 to gain a better understanding of the pest and their relative importance in this regard. Key factors identified as contributing to the problem in cotton are; intensive use of pesticides, mild winters (Permitting greater survival), the year round sequence of suitable hosts (both cultivated and weeds), thus providing the bridge which permits populations to cycle from cotton season to cotton season by continuing to reproduce, albeit more slowly on less suitable hosts and in winters. Overall whitefly numbers were much higher on brinjal. The important ornamental hosts were Lantana and hibiscus which ameliorate cold winter conditions and therefore enhance over winter survival of whitefly Whitefly populations decrease drastically but do not disappear completely from the major vegetables when winter temperature drop. It is important to mention that the bringal had ten times more whiteflies than did the other vegetables and weed hosts. Sonchus was found excellent weed host of whitefly. Our research to date , indicates that the most vulnerable time of the year for the whitefly is late winter when populations are at their lowest level. At this time a combination of several practices on an area wide basis might result in breaking the cycle.
Keywords	Cotton ; whitefly ; hostplants ; population management ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Biology ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Asian Network for Scientific Information
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Prevalence and Molecular Diagnosis of Babesia ovis and Theileria ovis in Lohi Sheep at Livestock Experiment Station (LES), Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan.

Waseem Shahzad / Haider Noor / Mansur-Ud-Din Ahmad / Rashid Munir / Muhammad Sharif Saghar / Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq / Nisar Ahmad / Ghulam Akbar / Fayyaz Mehmood

Iranian Journal of Parasitology , Vol 8, Iss 4, Pp 570-

2013 Volume 8

Abstract: Babesia ovis and Theileria ovis are among the important and main etiological agents causing ovine babesiosis and ovine theileriosis, causing severe economic losses among sheep and goats. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and ... ...

Abstract	Babesia ovis and Theileria ovis are among the important and main etiological agents causing ovine babesiosis and ovine theileriosis, causing severe economic losses among sheep and goats. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and molecular diagnosis of B. ovis and T. ovis in Lohi sheep at Livestock Experiment Station Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan.The prevalence of B. ovis and T. ovis was investigated in 200 Lohi sheep of mixed age and sex by PCR during 2011. The assay was employed using primers Bbo-F & Bbo-R, specific for a 549-bp fragment in B. ovis genomic DNA and primers TSsr 170F & TSsr 670R, specific for a 520-bp fragment in T. ovis genomic DNA. The animals were also screened for both haemoparasites through stained thin blood smears.Thirty two (16%), 48 (24%) and 26 (13%) were the number of animals found positive for B. ovis, T. ovis and for mixed infection with both parasites, respectively, through microscopy. Sixty eight (34%), 73 (37%) and 42 (21%) were the number of animals found positive for B. ovis, T. ovis and for mixed infection with both parasites, respectively, through PCR test.The results indicate the high sensitivity of PCR for surveying babesiosis and theileriosis and there is noteworthy prevalence of these diseases in sheep at an experimental station where environmental conditions are relatively controlled as compared to field conditions.
Keywords	Babesia ovis ; PCR ; Pakistan ; Sheep ; Theileria ovis ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Pyrazinamide induced hyperuricemia in patients taking anti-tuberculous therapy.

Solangi, Ghulam Akbar / Zuberi, Bader Faiyaz / Shaikh, Sikandar / Shaikh, Wazir Muhammad

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP

2004 Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 136–138

Abstract: Objective: To record the effect of pyrazinamide on uric acid in patients of tuberculosis.: Design: Descriptive and observational study.: Place and duration of study: Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from February 2000 to January 2003.: ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To record the effect of pyrazinamide on uric acid in patients of tuberculosis. Design: Descriptive and observational study. Place and duration of study: Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from February 2000 to January 2003. Patients and methods: All patients receiving anti-tuberculosis drugs with pyrazinamide were included. Serum uric acid levels were monitored at weeks 0, 2, 8 and 12 of therapy. Serum creatinine was done at weeks 0, 8 and 12. Results: Results were reported on 216 patients. Mean uric acid and creatinine levels at the start of therapy, i.e., week '0' were 5.07 -/+ 0.57 mg/dl and 0.87 -/+ 0.11 mg/dl respectively. The results show significant increase in uric acid levels from week '0' to week '2', at the end of week '8', the levels remained elevated and there was no statistical significant difference from that at week '2'. The uric acid levels reduced at week '12' after pyrazinamide was stopped and the difference was significant. Despite that renal function steadily improved with the treatment of tuberculosis to the extent that comparable pre-treatment values were obtained at the end of treatment. Conclusion: Anti-tuberculous therapy with pyrazinamide affects the uric acid levels early. This change is reversible after the withdrawal of the agent.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antitubercular Agents/adverse effects ; Creatinine/blood ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia/blood ; Hyperuricemia/chemically induced ; Hyperuricemia/physiopathology ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Pyrazinamide/adverse effects ; Uric Acid/blood
Chemical Substances	Antitubercular Agents ; Uric Acid (268B43MJ25) ; Pyrazinamide (2KNI5N06TI) ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-03
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2276646-7
ISSN	1681-7168 ; 1022-386X
ISSN (online)	1681-7168
ISSN	1022-386X
DOI	03.2004/JCPSP.136138
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Article ; Online: Eco-physiological Adaptability Potential of Sporobolus iocladus in Cholistan Desert

Mohammad Arshad / Altaf-ur-Rehman Rao / Ghulam Akbar / Munir Akhtar

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 2, Iss 4, Pp 1604-

1999 Volume 1607

Abstract: The inherent genetic potential of four ecotypes of a perennial grass Sporobolus iocladus , collected from four habitats of Cholistan desert, showed considerably high genetic variation with regard to morphological characters recorded. Ecotype 4 from " ... ...

Abstract	The inherent genetic potential of four ecotypes of a perennial grass Sporobolus iocladus , collected from four habitats of Cholistan desert, showed considerably high genetic variation with regard to morphological characters recorded. Ecotype 4 from "Shaheedan Wala Toba" and ecotype 1 from "Lal Suhanra" appeared to be the best thriving ones with respect to leaf area, number of tillers per plant, fresh weight of plant and number of leaves per tiller. Positive correlations among various morphological variables indicate that selected ecotypes may eventually prove highly desirable for enhancing biomass production and restoration of plant cover in saline `dahars` in degraded rangelands of Cholistan.
Keywords	Sporobolus iocladus ; ecotypes ; principal components ; variation ; inherent ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Biology ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences
Language	English
Publishing date	1999-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Asian Network for Scientific Information
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Survey of Smooth Coated Otters (Lutrogale perspicillata sindica) in the Sindh Province of Pakistan

Waseem Ahmad Khan / Mohammad Qasim / Ejaz Ahmad / Ghulam Akbar / Ali Hassan Habib / Hassan Ali / Faisal Mueen / Abdul Aleem Chaudhry / Shahid Iqbal / Hussain Bux Bhaagat / Mohammad Akhtar / Mohammad Shafiq Ahmad

IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 15-

2009 Volume 31

Abstract: The present report reveals the findings of surveys conducted jointly by Sindh Wildlife Department (SWD), Government of Sindh and WWF Pakistan, Islamabad (WWF-P) during November-December, 2008 and February 2009 with the objectives to confirm the existence ...

Abstract	The present report reveals the findings of surveys conducted jointly by Sindh Wildlife Department (SWD), Government of Sindh and WWF Pakistan, Islamabad (WWF-P) during November-December, 2008 and February 2009 with the objectives to confirm the existence of Smooth coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillita sindica) in different areas in Sindh and to identify various threats to otter population. An area of about 5,000 km was traversed covering 36 different sites in 12 districts of Sindh province where there were reports of otter existence. The existence of otter was confirmed at 25 sites in 11 districts. Evidence like recent otter tracks, remains of fish eaten by otter, otter spraints, and holts was gathered and local residents and fishermen were interviewed to verify the existence of otter at every site. Five sites located in four different districts were identified where an otter population exists throughout the year, whereas otters visited all the other sites occasionally over different seasons, in search of food. Various threats to the species identified during the surveys included hunting for fur, habitat degradation, water pollution, weak enforcement of wildlife laws, increasing tourism and competition and conflicts between otters and fishermen. The total population of Smooth coated otter was also estimated over the 25 sites as 178.
Keywords	otter ; pakistan ; status ; Zoology ; QL1-991 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Zoology ; DOAJ:Biology ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	IUCN Otter Specialist Group
Document type	Article ; Online
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