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Article: An In-Depth Look at Fonni's Dog Behavior under Different Outdoor Conditions.

Cocco, Raffaella / Sechi, Sara / Giannetto, Claudia / Rizzo, Maria / Piccione, Giuseppe / Arfuso, Francesca

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2024 Volume 14, Issue 5

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the common social and communicative behaviors of the Fonni's Dog under different outdoor conditions. For this study, 70 adult dogs (3-7 years; 32 intact males, 38 intact females) belonging to the Fonni's breed were used. A ...

Abstract	This study aimed to investigate the common social and communicative behaviors of the Fonni's Dog under different outdoor conditions. For this study, 70 adult dogs (3-7 years; 32 intact males, 38 intact females) belonging to the Fonni's breed were used. A total of 35 dogs were kept in kennels and 35 were free-ranging dogs in their sheep/goat livestock units. A behavioral repertoire was adapted from the literature and an ethogram was filled in for each dog. All dogs were evaluated in the presence of the owner. Fisher's exact test, following Bonferroni's correction, was used to test possible differences in the categorical variables (presence or absence of the behavior) between free-ranging dogs and dogs kept in kennels. The study revealed that several categories of the dogs' body language were associated with the management condition. However, the breed motivations (guarding and defense of the territory) were satisfied both in kennel and in the animals who were free in the property. The current study suggests a good behavioral balance of the Fonni's Dogs which could be attributed to correct communication between dogs and owners.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani14050678
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Article: Cardiac Biomarker Responses to Acute Exercise in Show Jumping Horses.

Fazio, Francesco / Aragona, Francesca / Piccione, Giuseppe / Pino, Carmelo / Giannetto, Claudia

Journal of equine veterinary science

2023 Volume 128, Page(s) 104882

Abstract: Cardiac biomarkers are useful to identify cardiac muscle variations in human and equine medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of a bout of show jumping training on serum activity of cardiac and muscular biomarkers in healthy ...

Abstract	Cardiac biomarkers are useful to identify cardiac muscle variations in human and equine medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of a bout of show jumping training on serum activity of cardiac and muscular biomarkers in healthy athletic horses to include cardiac troponin (cTnI), myoglobin (MB), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Serum samples were collected from seven Italian Saddle horses (three geldings and four mares; 10 ± 3 years; mean body weight 480 ±70 kg), regularly trained for show jumping at rest, immediately after exercise (show jumping simulate trial) and during the recovery period (30 and 60 min after exercise). ANOVA was applied to all parameters, and Pearson correlation coefficient t (r) evaluated. Immediately after exercise there was an increase in cTnI (P < .01), MB (P < .01), and CPK (P < .005); a positive correlation between cTnI and AST and between AST and LDH; and a negative correlation between cTnI and ALT and between ALT and CPK. Thirty minutes after exercise, there was a positive correlation between AST and ALT and between AST and LDH, while 60 mintues after exercise, there was a positive correlation between MB and LDH and a negative correlation between AST and CPK. The results obtained demonstrate the cardiac and muscular response to short-term intense exercise show jumping exercise.
MeSH term(s)	Horses ; Animals ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Creatine Kinase ; Sports ; Biomarkers
Chemical Substances	Creatine Kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2102631-2
ISSN	1542-7412 ; 0737-0806
ISSN (online)	1542-7412
ISSN	0737-0806
DOI	10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104882
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Article ; Online: Central and Peripheral Fatigue Evaluation during Physical Exercise in Athletic Horses by Means of Raman Spectroscopy

Acri, Giuseppe / Testagrossa, Barbara / Piccione, Giuseppe / Arfuso, Francesca / Giudice, Elisabetta / Giannetto, Claudia

Animals. 2023 July 05, v. 13, no. 13

2023

Abstract: The evaluation of the performance levels in athletic horses is of major importance to prevent sports injuries. Raman spectroscopy is an innovative technique that allows for a rapid evaluation of biomolecules in biological fluids. It also permits ... ...

Abstract	The evaluation of the performance levels in athletic horses is of major importance to prevent sports injuries. Raman spectroscopy is an innovative technique that allows for a rapid evaluation of biomolecules in biological fluids. It also permits qualitative and quantitative sample analyses, which lead to the simultaneous determination of the components of the examined biological fluids. On the basis of this, the Raman spectroscopy technique was applied on serum samples collected from five Italian Saddle horses subjected to a standardized obstacle course preceded by a warm-up to evaluate the applicability of this technique for the assessment of central and peripheral fatigue in athletic horses. Blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture in a vacutainer tube with a clot activator before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 30 min and 1 h after the end of the obstacle course. Observing the obtained Raman spectra, the major changes due to the experimental conditions appeared in the (1300–1360) cm⁻¹ and (1385–1520) cm⁻¹ bands. In the (1300–1360) cm⁻¹ band, lipids and tryptophan were identified; in the (1385–1520) cm⁻¹ band, leucine, glycine, isoleucine, lactic acid, tripeptide, adenosine, and beta carotene were identified. A significant effect of exercise was recorded on all the sub-bands. In particular, a change immediately after exercise versus before exercise was found. Moreover, the mean lactic concentration was positively correlated with the Raman area of the sub-band assigned to lactic acid. In this context, the application of Raman spectroscopy on blood serum samples represents a useful technique for secondary-structure protein identification to investigate the metabolic changes that occur in athletic horses during physical exercise.
Keywords	Raman spectroscopy ; adenosine ; beta-carotene ; blood serum ; exercise ; isoleucine ; lactic acid ; leucine ; tripeptides ; tryptophan
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0705
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13132201
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A Preliminary Study on the Interplay between the Serum Levels of Neurotransmitters and Thyroid Hormones for the Evaluation of the Behavioral Phenotype of Dogs

Cocco, Raffaella / Arfuso, Francesca / Giannetto, Claudia / Piccione, Giuseppe / Cesarani, Alberto / Pulina, Giuseppe / Sechi, Sara

Animals. 2023 Jan. 26, v. 13, no. 3

2023

Abstract: A total of 112 dogs (49 males and 63 females) belonging to different breeds (i.e., Boxer, Cirneco dell’Etna, Fonni’s Dog, Labrador, Crossbreed, German Shepherd, Pit Bull, Shar-Pei, Yorkshire) were analyzed to compare the serum concentration of serotonin, ...

Abstract	A total of 112 dogs (49 males and 63 females) belonging to different breeds (i.e., Boxer, Cirneco dell’Etna, Fonni’s Dog, Labrador, Crossbreed, German Shepherd, Pit Bull, Shar-Pei, Yorkshire) were analyzed to compare the serum concentration of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, prolactin, beta-endorphins, thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and assess whether these parameters can be correlated with the behavioral phenotype of the investigated breeds. T4 was above or below the threshold in 61% and 14% of dogs, respectively; T3, in contrast, 41% of dogs showed values below the limit, while 26% above it. TSH was within the reference range in 58% of dogs; 94% of the dogs had prolactin in the reference range and only five animals showed values above the limit. For beta-endorphins, 49% of dogs had values above the limit, while 46% had values within the reference range. Serotonin and dopamine values below physiological limits were found in 62% and 70% of dogs, respectively. Finally, 61% of the dogs showed norepinephrine values within the reference range. The study confirmed that the assessment of the serum values of hormones and neurotransmitters in dogs could be useful to better understand the behavioral phenotype of the animal and could be useful for breeders and trainers for the selection of the most suitable subjects for specific tasks.
Keywords	Bull Terrier ; German Shepherd ; blood serum ; crossbreds ; dogs ; dopamine ; neurotransmitters ; norepinephrine ; phenotype ; prolactin ; serotonin ; thyrotropin ; triiodothyronine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0126
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13030411
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Serum C-reactive Protein and Protein Electrophoretic Pattern Correlated With Age in Horses

Arfuso, Francesca / Piccione, Giuseppe / Guttadauro, Alberto / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Giudice, Elisabetta / Giannetto, Claudia

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2023 July, v. 126 p.104561-

2023

Abstract: Inflammaging or chronic, low-grade inflammation is a phenomenon characterizing age-related pathologies and natural processes in aging tissues. This study aimed to investigate the effect of age on the serum levels of C-reactive protein and protein ... ...

Abstract	Inflammaging or chronic, low-grade inflammation is a phenomenon characterizing age-related pathologies and natural processes in aging tissues. This study aimed to investigate the effect of age on the serum levels of C-reactive protein and protein electrophoretic pattern in horses. Thirty Italian Saddle horses from the same horse training center, were enrolled and divided in three equal groups according to their age: Group A (2-4 years), Group B (7-10 years), Group C (15-20 years). Blood samples were collected from each horse to evaluate hematological parameters and the serum concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), total proteins, albumin, α1-, α-2, β1-, β2- and γ-globulins. One-way analysis of variance showed an age-related difference in the concentration of CRP, α1- and α2-globulins (P < 0.001) which increased with aging. Albumin and albumin:globulin ratio showed lower values in Groups B and C than Group A (P < 0.001). Age of horses showed a negative correlation with the values of albumin, and a positive correlation with CRP, α1- and α2-globulins concentration. The results of the current study suggest an increased acute phase response in adult and old horses compared to young ones. As α-globulin fractions include many other acute phase proteins (APPs) in addition to CRP, further studies to assess what other APPs could be involved in chronic inflammation or “inflammaging” are recommended in horse in order to improve knowledge on the key inflammatory biomarkers during aging in this species.
Keywords	C-reactive protein ; adults ; albumins ; analysis of variance ; biomarkers ; blood serum ; electrophoresis ; horses ; inflammation ; veterinary medicine ; Serum protein electrophoresis ; Age ; Horse ; Acute phase response
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-07
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2102631-2
ISSN	1542-7412 ; 0737-0806
ISSN (online)	1542-7412
ISSN	0737-0806
DOI	10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104561
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Interplay among the daily rhythm of the thyroid hormones, uncoupling protein 1 and the clock gene Per2 in horses

Giannetto, Claudia / Arfuso, Francesca / Giudice, Elisabetta / Guercio, Annalisa / Cannella, Vincenza / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Piccione, Giuseppe

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2023, p.104496-

2023 , Page(s) 104496–

Abstract: During husbandry, domestic animals are exposed to many factors that can influence their circadian physiology organization leading to an increase in animals' discomfort. Thermal homeostasis is at the basis of animal wellness, the aim of the present study ... ...

Abstract	During husbandry, domestic animals are exposed to many factors that can influence their circadian physiology organization leading to an increase in animals' discomfort. Thermal homeostasis is at the basis of animal wellness, the aim of the present study was to investigate the daily fluctuation of serum concentrations of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in association with the daily fluctuation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and clock gene Per2 in healthy horses housed in individual box, to improve the knowledge on this matter. Seven clinically healthy female Italian Saddle horses (8-10 years old, 510±32 kg), were housed in individual boxes under natural photoperiod and environmental temperature and humidity. Blood samples were collected at 4-h intervals over a 48-h period, for the assessment of T3, T4, UCP1, and clock gene Per2. The application of two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on raw data showed a statistically significant effect of time of day on all studied parameters A robust daily rhythm of T3, T4, and Per2 was observed. T3 showed a diurnal rhythm, with the acrophase at about five h after sunrise, T4 acrophase was observed in the middle of the scotophase, Per2 acrophase was observed close to sunrise. In conclusion, we can claim that in horses kept under natural environmental conditions and not subjected to thermal stress, there is a daily rhythm of thyroid hormones associated with a daily rhythm of Per2 expression in the peripheral blood, and UCP1 remained constant during the two days.
Keywords	ambient temperature ; analysis of variance ; blood serum ; circadian rhythm ; females ; genes ; homeostasis ; horses ; humidity ; scotophase ; thermal stress ; thyroxine ; veterinary medicine ; Thermoregulation ; thyroid ; brown adipose tissue ; clock genes ; Equus caballus
Language	English
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	2102631-2
ISSN	1542-7412 ; 0737-0806
ISSN (online)	1542-7412
ISSN	0737-0806
DOI	10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104496
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Seasonal Biodistribution of Some Trace Elements (Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg) and “Blood Biomarkers” Response in Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Saoca, Concetta / Arfuso, Francesca / Giannetto, Claudia / Piccione, Giuseppe / Fazio, Francesco

Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Apr., v. 201, no. 4 p.1987-1995

2023

Abstract: This study had a purpose to evaluate the seasonal biodistribution of some trace elements (cadmium, Cd; Lead, Pb; chrome, Cr; and mercury, Hg) in different tissues (muscle, gills, liver, stomach, and intestine) of striped mullet Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, ... ...

Abstract	This study had a purpose to evaluate the seasonal biodistribution of some trace elements (cadmium, Cd; Lead, Pb; chrome, Cr; and mercury, Hg) in different tissues (muscle, gills, liver, stomach, and intestine) of striped mullet Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) and the hematological and biochemical responses of this species to aquatic pollution by trace metals. For this purpose, 80 M. cephalus (20 for each season) were captured in three different stations of Faro Lake, Messina, Sicily. Biometric indices (weight, fork length, and total length) of each fish were registered. The physico-chemical parameters of the water of the study area were also measured, and the content of trace elements in water and sediment was determined. The hematological (white blood cell, WBC; red blood cell, RBC; hemoglobin concentration, Hb; hematocrit, Hct; mean corpuscular volume, MCV; mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCH; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, MCHC; thrombocytes count, TC), biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, AST; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; alkaline phosphatase, ALP; lactate dehydrogenase, LDH), and the seasonal concentration of the trace elements in the different tissues of M. cephalus were assessed. Our results showed a different biodistribution of the trace elements in M. cephalus and significant variations of the blood parameters in the different seasons. This research provides a valid contribute to environmental biomonitoring techniques useful in aquatic pollution control and water management. It also contributes to broadening the studies on the improvement of the health and sustainability of aquatic environments.
Keywords	Mugil cephalus ; alanine transaminase ; alkaline phosphatase ; aspartate transaminase ; biometry ; blood platelets ; cadmium ; environmental monitoring ; erythrocytes ; fish ; hematocrit ; hemoglobin ; intestines ; lactate dehydrogenase ; lakes ; leukocytes ; liver ; mercury ; muscles ; pollution control ; sediments ; stomach ; water management ; water pollution ; Sicily
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-04
Size	p. 1987-1995.
Publishing place	Springer US
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	445336-0
ISSN	1559-0720 ; 0163-4984
ISSN (online)	1559-0720
ISSN	0163-4984
DOI	10.1007/s12011-022-03272-w
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Cardiac biomarker responses to acute exercise in show jumping horses

Fazio, Francesco / Aragona, Francesca / Piccione, Giuseppe / Pino, Carmelo / Giannetto, Claudia

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2023 July 06, p.104882-

2023 , Page(s) 104882–

Abstract	Cardiac biomarkers are useful to identify cardiac muscle variations in human and equine medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of a bout of show jumping training on serum activity of cardiac and muscular biomarkers in healthy athletic horses to include cardiac troponin (cTnI), myoglobin (MB), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Serum samples were collected from seven Italian Saddle horses (3 geldings and 4 mares; 10 ± 3 years; mean body weight 480 ±70 kg), regularly trained for show jumping at rest, immediately after exercise (show jumping simulate trial) and during the recovery period (30 and 60 min after exercise). ANOVA was applied to all parameters, and Pearson correlation coefficient t (r) evaluated. Immediately after exercise there was an increase in cTnI (p< 0.01), MB (p< 0.01), and CPK (p < 0.005); a positive correlation between cTnI and AST and between AST and LDH; and a negative correlation between cTnI and ALT and between ALT and CPK. Thirty min after exercise, there was a positive correlation between AST and ALT and between AST and LDH, while 60 min after exercise, there was a positive correlation between MB and LDH and a negative correlation between AST and CPK. The results obtained demonstrate the cardiac and muscular response to short-term intense exercise show jumping exercise.
Keywords	acute effects ; alanine transaminase ; aspartate transaminase ; biomarkers ; blood serum ; body weight ; creatine kinase ; exercise ; horses ; humans ; lactate dehydrogenase ; medicine ; myocardium ; myoglobin ; veterinary medicine ; Cardiac Biomarkers ; Athletic horse ; Show jumping ; cTnI ; physical exercise
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0706
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	2102631-2
ISSN	1542-7412 ; 0737-0806
ISSN (online)	1542-7412
ISSN	0737-0806
DOI	10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104882
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The housing system influences daily total locomotor activity (TLA) in dairy cows

Arfuso, Francesca / Zumbo, Alessandro / Castronovo, Calogero / Giudice, Elisabetta / Piccione, Giuseppe / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Giannetto, Claudia

Biological Rhythm Research. 2023 Jan. 02, v. 54, no. 1 p.131-139

2023

Abstract: The daily pattern of total locomotor activity (TLA) of cattle kept in different housing conditions was investigated in order to evaluate whether TLA could be used as a useful index of animal welfare. Twenty Modicana cattle were divided into two equal ... ...

Abstract	The daily pattern of total locomotor activity (TLA) of cattle kept in different housing conditions was investigated in order to evaluate whether TLA could be used as a useful index of animal welfare. Twenty Modicana cattle were divided into two equal groups: Group A, housed in a grazing area of 5 hectare, and Group B, housed in a paddock of 200 m². Animals were equipped with activity-monitoring data loggers (Actiwatch-Mini®) to record the daily TLA for 7 days. The trigonometric statistical model, used to describe the rhythmic parameters (mesor, amplitude, acrophase and robustness of rhythm), indicated a diurnal rhythm of TLA in cattle. Animals belonging to Group B showed lower TLA, an anticipation of acrophase (time of activity peak) of TLA, and lower values of Mesor, amplitude and robustness of rhythm compared to Group A (p < 0.05). These results suggest that cattle in the paddock condition showed disturbed physiological characteristics of TLA displaying a flattening in its daily pattern compared to animals kept in the grazing area. This aspect should be taken into consideration of farming management in the planning of housing conditions, which should respect the requirement of locomotor activity and related physiological behaviors of cattle in order to guarantee the animal welfare.
Keywords	animal welfare ; cattle ; circadian rhythm ; locomotion ; pastures ; research ; statistical models ; housing conditions ; livestock ; total locomotor activity
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0102
Size	p. 131-139.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1185065-6
ISSN	1744-4179 ; 0929-1016
ISSN (online)	1744-4179
ISSN	0929-1016
DOI	10.1080/09291016.2022.2098447
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: A Preliminary Study on the Interplay between the Serum Levels of Neurotransmitters and Thyroid Hormones for the Evaluation of the Behavioral Phenotype of Dogs.

Cocco, Raffaella / Arfuso, Francesca / Giannetto, Claudia / Piccione, Giuseppe / Cesarani, Alberto / Pulina, Giuseppe / Sechi, Sara

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2023 Volume 13, Issue 3

Abstract: A total of 112 dogs (49 males and 63 females) belonging to different breeds (i.e., Boxer, Cirneco dell'Etna, Fonni's Dog, Labrador, Crossbreed, German Shepherd, Pit Bull, Shar-Pei, Yorkshire) were analyzed to compare the serum concentration of serotonin, ...

Abstract	A total of 112 dogs (49 males and 63 females) belonging to different breeds (i.e., Boxer, Cirneco dell'Etna, Fonni's Dog, Labrador, Crossbreed, German Shepherd, Pit Bull, Shar-Pei, Yorkshire) were analyzed to compare the serum concentration of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, prolactin, beta-endorphins, thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and assess whether these parameters can be correlated with the behavioral phenotype of the investigated breeds. T4 was above or below the threshold in 61% and 14% of dogs, respectively; T3, in contrast, 41% of dogs showed values below the limit, while 26% above it. TSH was within the reference range in 58% of dogs; 94% of the dogs had prolactin in the reference range and only five animals showed values above the limit. For beta-endorphins, 49% of dogs had values above the limit, while 46% had values within the reference range. Serotonin and dopamine values below physiological limits were found in 62% and 70% of dogs, respectively. Finally, 61% of the dogs showed norepinephrine values within the reference range. The study confirmed that the assessment of the serum values of hormones and neurotransmitters in dogs could be useful to better understand the behavioral phenotype of the animal and could be useful for breeders and trainers for the selection of the most suitable subjects for specific tasks.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13030411
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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