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Article ; Online: Reply to Moman and Hooten.

Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin / Giannoni-Luza, Stefano / Cardenas-Rojas, Alejandra / Fregni, Felipe

2021 Volume 162, Issue 3, Page(s) 986

MeSH term(s)	Chronic Pain ; Health Status ; Humans ; Motor Cortex
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	193153-2
ISSN	1872-6623 ; 0304-3959
ISSN (online)	1872-6623
ISSN	0304-3959
DOI	10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002158
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Article: Modeling Electric Fields in Transcutaneous Spinal Direct Current Stimulation: A Clinical Perspective.

Guidetti, Matteo / Giannoni-Luza, Stefano / Bocci, Tommaso / Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin / Bianchi, Anna Maria / Parazzini, Marta / Ionta, Silvio / Ferrucci, Roberta / Maiorana, Natale Vincenzo / Verde, Federico / Ticozzi, Nicola / Silani, Vincenzo / Priori, Alberto

Biomedicines

2023 Volume 11, Issue 5

Abstract: Clinical findings suggest that transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) can modulate ascending sensitive, descending corticospinal, and segmental pathways in the spinal cord (SC). However, several aspects of the stimulation have not been ... ...

Abstract	Clinical findings suggest that transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) can modulate ascending sensitive, descending corticospinal, and segmental pathways in the spinal cord (SC). However, several aspects of the stimulation have not been completely understood, and realistic computational models based on MRI are the gold standard to predict the interaction between tsDCS-induced electric fields and anatomy. Here, we review the electric fields distribution in the SC during tsDCS as predicted by MRI-based realistic models, compare such knowledge with clinical findings, and define the role of computational knowledge in optimizing tsDCS protocols. tsDCS-induced electric fields are predicted to be safe and induce both transient and neuroplastic changes. This could support the possibility to explore new clinical applications, such as spinal cord injury. For the most applied protocol (2-3 mA for 20-30 min, active electrode over T10-T12 and the reference on the right shoulder), similar electric field intensities are generated in both ventral and dorsal horns of the SC at the same height. This was confirmed by human studies, in which both motor and sensitive effects were found. Lastly, electric fields are strongly dependent on anatomy and electrodes' placement. Regardless of the montage, inter-individual hotspots of higher values of electric fields were predicted, which could change when the subjects move from a position to another (e.g., from the supine to the lateral position). These characteristics underlines the need for individualized and patient-tailored MRI-based computational models to optimize the stimulation protocol. A detailed modeling approach of the electric field distribution might contribute to optimizing stimulation protocols, tailoring electrodes' configuration, intensities, and duration to the clinical outcome.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720867-9
ISSN	2227-9059
ISSN	2227-9059
DOI	10.3390/biomedicines11051283
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Article ; Online: COVID-19 pandemic and Farr's law: A global comparison and prediction of outbreak acceleration and deceleration rates.

Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin / Cardenas-Rojas, Alejandra / Giannoni-Luza, Stefano / Fregni, Felipe

PloS one

2020 Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e0239175

Abstract: The COVID-19 outbreak has forced most of the global population to lock-down and has put in check the health services all over the world. Current predictive models are complex, region-dependent, and might not be generalized to other countries. However, a ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 outbreak has forced most of the global population to lock-down and has put in check the health services all over the world. Current predictive models are complex, region-dependent, and might not be generalized to other countries. However, a 150-year old epidemics law promulgated by William Farr might be useful as a simple arithmetical model (percent increase [R1] and acceleration [R2] of new cases and deaths) to provide a first sight of the epidemic behavior and to detect regions with high predicted dynamics. Thus, this study tested Farr's Law assumptions by modeling COVID-19 data of new cases and deaths. COVID-19 data until April 10, 2020, was extracted from available countries, including income, urban index, and population characteristics. Farr's law first (R1) and second ratio (R2) were calculated. We constructed epidemic curves and predictive models for the available countries and performed ecological correlation analysis between R1 and R2 with demographic data. We extracted data from 210 countries, and it was possible to estimate the ratios of 170 of them. Around 42·94% of the countries were in an initial acceleration phase, while 23·5% already crossed the peak. We predicted a reduction close to zero with wide confidence intervals for 56 countries until June 10 (high-income countries from Asia and Oceania, with strict political actions). There was a significant association between high R1 of deaths and high urban index. Farr's law seems to be a useful model to give an overview of COVID-19 pandemic dynamics. The countries with high dynamics are from Africa and Latin America. Thus, this is a call to urgently prioritize actions in those countries to intensify surveillance, to re-allocate resources, and to build healthcare capacities based on multi-nation collaboration to limit onward transmission and to reduce the future impact on these regions in an eventual second wave.
MeSH term(s)	Africa/epidemiology ; Asia/epidemiology ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Forecasting ; Geography, Medical ; Humans ; Incidence ; Latin America/epidemiology ; Models, Biological ; Morbidity/trends ; Mortality/trends ; Pandemics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Population Dynamics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Urban Health
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0239175
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Article ; Online: Noninvasive brain stimulation combined with exercise in chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cardenas-Rojas, Alejandra / Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin / Giannoni-Luza, Stefano / Rivera-Torrejon, Oscar / Fregni, Felipe

Expert review of neurotherapeutics

2020 Volume 20, Issue 4, Page(s) 401–412

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Background
MeSH term(s)	Chronic Pain/therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Exercise Therapy ; Humans ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation/methods ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2112534-X
ISSN	1744-8360 ; 1473-7175
ISSN (online)	1744-8360
ISSN	1473-7175
DOI	10.1080/14737175.2020.1738927
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Article ; Online: Chip-based digital Polymerase Chain Reaction as quantitative technique for the detection of PIK3CA mutations in breast cancer patients

Giannoni-Luza, Stefano / Acosta, Óscar / Murillo Carrasco, Alexis Germán / Danos, Pierina / Cotrina Concha, José Manuel / Guerra Miller, Henry / Pinto, Joseph A. / Aguilar, Alfredo / Araujo, Jhajaira M. / Fujita, Ricardo / Buleje, Jose

Heliyon. 2022 Nov., v. 8, no. 11 p.e11396-

2022

Abstract: PIK3CA is a gene frequently mutated in breast cancer. With the FDA approval of alpelisib, the evaluation of PIK3CA for activating mutations is becoming routinely. Novel platforms for gene analysis as digital PCR (dPCR) are emerging as a potential ... ...

Abstract	PIK3CA is a gene frequently mutated in breast cancer. With the FDA approval of alpelisib, the evaluation of PIK3CA for activating mutations is becoming routinely. Novel platforms for gene analysis as digital PCR (dPCR) are emerging as a potential replacement for the traditional Sanger sequencing. However, there are still few studies on chip-based dPCR to detect mutations in tumor samples. Thus, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess the sensibility of a chip-based dPCR to detect and quantify PIK3CA mutations and compare its performance with Sanger sequencing. Tumor samples from 57 breast cancer patients (22 pre-treatment samples, 32 tumors after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and three lymph nodes) were collected and analyzed by Sanger sequencing and dPCR for the three PIK3CA most relevant mutations (p.E545K, p. H1047R, and p. H1047L). Digital PCR sensitivity, specificity, and overall performance were estimated by contingency tables, receptor operator characteristic (ROC), and area under the curve (AUC). Association of PIK3CA mutations with clinicopathological variables was conducted. Sanger sequencing identified PIK3CA mutations in six patients (10.5%), two with p. H1047R, and four with p. E545K. Digital PCR confirmed those mutations and identified 19 additional patients with at least one mutation. Comparison between dPCR and Sanger sequencing showed a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 53–100%), and a specificity of 84.2% (95% CI 83–84.2%). Besides, p. H1047R mutation detected by dPCR showed a significant association with breast cancer phenotype (p = 0.019) and lymphatic nodes infiltration (p = 0.046). Digital PCR showed a high sensitivity to detect mutations in tumor samples and it might be capable to detect low-rate mutations and tumor subpopulations not detected by Sanger sequencing.
Keywords	breast neoplasms ; cross-sectional studies ; drug therapy ; genes ; lymph ; mutation ; phenotype ; polymerase chain reaction ; quantitative analysis ; PIK3CA ; Genetic techniques ; Digital PCR
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-11
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Use and reproduction
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11396
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Promoter hypermethylation of RARB and GSTP1 genes in plasma cell-free DNA as breast cancer biomarkers in Peruvian women.

Danos, Pierina / Giannoni-Luza, Stefano / Murillo Carrasco, Alexis Germán / Acosta, Oscar / Guevara-Fujita, Maria Luisa / Cotrina Concha, José Manuel / Guerra Miller, Henry / Pinto Oblitas, Joseph / Aguilar Cartagena, Alfredo / Araujo, Jhajaira M / Fujita, Ricardo / Buleje Sono, José Luis

Molecular genetics & genomic medicine

2023 Volume 11, Issue 12, Page(s) e2260

Abstract: Background: Promoter hypermethylation is one of the enabling mechanisms of hallmarks of cancer. Tumor suppressor genes like RARB and GSTP1 have been reported as hypermethylated in breast cancer tumors compared with normal tissues in several populations. ...

Abstract	Background: Promoter hypermethylation is one of the enabling mechanisms of hallmarks of cancer. Tumor suppressor genes like RARB and GSTP1 have been reported as hypermethylated in breast cancer tumors compared with normal tissues in several populations. This case-control study aimed to determine the association between the promoter methylation ratio (PMR) of RARB and GSTP1 genes (separately and as a group) with breast cancer and its clinical-pathological variables in Peruvian patients, using a liquid biopsy approach. Methods: A total of 58 breast cancer patients and 58 healthy controls, matched by age, participated in the study. We exacted cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from blood plasma and converted it by bisulfite salts. Methylight PCR was performed to obtain the PMR value of the studied genes. We determined the association between PMR and breast cancer, in addition to other clinicopathological variables. The sensitivity and specificity of the PMR of these genes were obtained. Results: A significant association was not found between breast cancer and the RARB PMR (OR = 1.90; 95% CI [0.62-6.18]; p = 0.210) or the GSTP1 PMR (OR = 6.57; 95% CI [0.75-307.66]; p = 0.114). The combination of the RARB + GSTP1 PMR was associated with breast cancer (OR = 2.81; 95% CI [1.02-8.22]; p = 0.026), controls under 50 years old (p = 0.048), patients older than 50 (p = 0.007), and postmenopausal (p = 0.034). The PMR of both genes showed a specificity of 86.21% and a sensitivity of 31.03%. Conclusion: Promoter hypermethylation of RARB + GSTP1 genes is associated with breast cancer, older age, and postmenopausal Peruvian patients. The methylated promoter of the RARB + GSTP1 genes needs further validation to be used as a biomarker for liquid biopsy and as a recommendation criterion for additional tests in asymptomatic women younger than 50 years.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Breast/pathology ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA Methylation ; Glutathione S-Transferase pi/genetics ; Peru
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Glutathione S-Transferase pi (EC 2.5.1.18) ; GSTP1 protein, human (EC 2.5.1.18) ; retinoic acid receptor beta
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2734884-2
ISSN	2324-9269 ; 2324-9269
ISSN (online)	2324-9269
ISSN	2324-9269
DOI	10.1002/mgg3.2260
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Chip-based digital Polymerase Chain Reaction as quantitative technique for the detection of

Giannoni-Luza, Stefano / Acosta, Oscar / Murillo Carrasco, Alexis Germán / Danos, Pierina / Cotrina Concha, José Manuel / Guerra Miller, Henry / Pinto, Joseph A / Aguilar, Alfredo / Araujo, Jhajaira M / Fujita, Ricardo / Buleje, Jose

Heliyon

2022 Volume 8, Issue 11, Page(s) e11396

Abstract: Background: PIK3CA: Materials and methods: Tumor samples from 57 breast cancer patients (22 pre-treatment samples, 32 tumors after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and three lymph nodes) were collected and analyzed by Sanger sequencing and dPCR for the ... ...

Abstract	Background: PIK3CA Materials and methods: Tumor samples from 57 breast cancer patients (22 pre-treatment samples, 32 tumors after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and three lymph nodes) were collected and analyzed by Sanger sequencing and dPCR for the three Results: Sanger sequencing identified Conclusions: Digital PCR showed a high sensitivity to detect mutations in tumor samples and it might be capable to detect low-rate mutations and tumor subpopulations not detected by Sanger sequencing.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11396
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Article ; Online: COVID-19 pandemic and Farr’s law

Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin / Cardenas-Rojas, Alejandra / Giannoni-Luza, Stefano / Fregni, Felipe

PLOS ONE

A global comparison and prediction of outbreak acceleration and deceleration rates

2020 Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e0239175

Keywords	General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ; General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ; General Medicine ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0239175
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: COVID-19 pandemic and Farr's law: A global comparison and prediction of outbreak acceleration and deceleration rates

Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin / Cardenas-Rojas, Alejandra / Giannoni-Luza, Stefano / Fregni, Felipe

PLoS One

Abstract	The COVID-19 outbreak has forced most of the global population to lock-down and has put in check the health services all over the world. Current predictive models are complex, region-dependent, and might not be generalized to other countries. However, a 150-year old epidemics law promulgated by William Farr might be useful as a simple arithmetical model (percent increase [R1] and acceleration [R2] of new cases and deaths) to provide a first sight of the epidemic behavior and to detect regions with high predicted dynamics. Thus, this study tested Farr's Law assumptions by modeling COVID-19 data of new cases and deaths. COVID-19 data until April 10, 2020, was extracted from available countries, including income, urban index, and population characteristics. Farr's law first (R1) and second ratio (R2) were calculated. We constructed epidemic curves and predictive models for the available countries and performed ecological correlation analysis between R1 and R2 with demographic data. We extracted data from 210 countries, and it was possible to estimate the ratios of 170 of them. Around 42·94% of the countries were in an initial acceleration phase, while 23·5% already crossed the peak. We predicted a reduction close to zero with wide confidence intervals for 56 countries until June 10 (high-income countries from Asia and Oceania, with strict political actions). There was a significant association between high R1 of deaths and high urban index. Farr's law seems to be a useful model to give an overview of COVID-19 pandemic dynamics. The countries with high dynamics are from Africa and Latin America. Thus, this is a call to urgently prioritize actions in those countries to intensify surveillance, to re-allocate resources, and to build healthcare capacities based on multi-nation collaboration to limit onward transmission and to reduce the future impact on these regions in an eventual second wave.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #771767
Database	COVID19

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Article: Effects of Transcutaneous Spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS) in Patients With Chronic Pain: A Clinical and Neurophysiological Study.

Guidetti, Matteo / Ferrucci, Roberta / Vergari, Maurizio / Aglieco, Giada / Naci, Anisa / Versace, Sara / Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin / Giannoni-Luza, Stefano / Barbieri, Sergio / Priori, Alberto / Bocci, Tommaso

Frontiers in neurology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 695910

Abstract: Background and Aims: ...

Abstract	Background and Aims:
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2021.695910
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