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Article ; Online: How Should Health Care Organizations Protect Personnel in Environmental Services and Related Fields?

Lowe, Abigail E / Gibbs, Shawn G

AMA journal of ethics

2022 Volume 24, Issue 9, Page(s) E846–852

Abstract: This commentary on a case discusses oft-overlooked roles of health care organizations' personnel in environmental services and related fields, such as waste management. Such personnel are not protected in the same ways frontline clinicians are, although ... ...

Abstract	This commentary on a case discusses oft-overlooked roles of health care organizations' personnel in environmental services and related fields, such as waste management. Such personnel are not protected in the same ways frontline clinicians are, although their risk of exposure to pathogens in the course of their work can be high. This article describes why such personnel should be included in planning personal protective equipment access and in administrative and engineering operations concerning infectious disease emergence, containment, and management.
MeSH term(s)	Delivery of Health Care ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Organizations ; Personal Protective Equipment
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2376-6980
ISSN (online)	2376-6980
DOI	10.1001/amajethics.2022.846
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Article ; Online: A pilot study on psychosocial factors and perceptions of organizational health among a sample of U.S. waste workers.

Le, Aurora B / Shkembi, Abas / Gibbs, Shawn G / Neitzel, Richard L

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 9185

Abstract: Solid waste workers encounter a number of occupational hazards that are likely to induce stress. Thus, there are likely to be psychosocial factors that also contribute to their overall perceptions of organizational health. However, attitudes regarding ... ...

Abstract	Solid waste workers encounter a number of occupational hazards that are likely to induce stress. Thus, there are likely to be psychosocial factors that also contribute to their overall perceptions of organizational health. However, attitudes regarding the aforementioned among solid waste workers' have not been assessed. This descriptive, cross-sectional pilot study operationalized the INPUTS Survey to determine workers' perceptions of organizational health and other psychosocial factors of work. Percentage and mean responses to each INPUTS domain are presented in accordance with their survey manual. Pearson's chi-squared tests were run on count data; Fisher's exact tests were run for count data with fewer than five samples. ANOVAs were run on the continuous items. Due to a relatively low sample size (N = 68), two-sided p values < 0.1 were considered statistically significant. Most solid waste worker participants reported high decision authority, that they perceived their management to prioritize workplace health and safety, and had high job satisfaction. However, perceptions of support for health outside of the realm of occupational safety and health was lower. Addressing traditional occupational health hazards continues to take precedence in this industry, with less of a focus on how the social determinants of health may impact workplace health.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Male ; Occupational Health ; Female ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Middle Aged ; Workplace/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States ; Job Satisfaction ; Solid Waste ; Perception ; Occupational Stress/psychology
Chemical Substances	Solid Waste
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-59912-9
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Article ; Online: How Should Biocontainment Balance Infection Control With Practice Sustainability?

Lowe, Abigail E / Le, Aurora B / Gibbs, Shawn G

AMA journal of ethics

2022 Volume 24, Issue 10, Page(s) E944–950

Abstract: This case and commentary canvasses clinical, ethical, and public health considerations about integrated infection control and sustainability efforts of biocontainment units (BCUs). BCUs protect the public's health during infectious disease outbreaks, ... ...

Abstract	This case and commentary canvasses clinical, ethical, and public health considerations about integrated infection control and sustainability efforts of biocontainment units (BCUs). BCUs protect the public's health during infectious disease outbreaks, including accounting for downstream health costs of byproducts of patient care that leave a system as waste. However, environmental costs of BCUs' operations tend to get less attention than BCUs' specialized design to contain and control highly infectious pathogens. Human health promotion and environmental protection are values that sometimes complement each other but sometimes conflict in BCU management. When these values conflict, stakeholders must mediate and balance their implications in terms of individuals' immediate short' and long'term needs for health care, public interest in pathogen control and containment, and environmental impact.
MeSH term(s)	Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Health Facilities ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Public Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2376-6980
ISSN (online)	2376-6980
DOI	10.1001/amajethics.2022.944
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Article ; Online: Clinical laboratory equipment manufacturers' lack of guidance for high consequence pathogen response is a critical weakness.

Le, Aurora B / Figi, Claire E / Herstein, Jocelyn J / Iwen, Peter C / Buehler, Sean A / Lowe, John J / Gibbs, Shawn G

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

2024 , Page(s) 1–3

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639378-0
ISSN	1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
ISSN (online)	1559-6834
ISSN	0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
DOI	10.1017/ice.2024.39
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Article ; Online: Characterization of perceived biohazard exposures, personal protective equipment, and training resources among a sample of formal U.S. solid waste workers: A pilot study.

Le, Aurora B / Shkembi, Abas / Tadee, Anupon / Sturgis, Anna C / Gibbs, Shawn G / Neitzel, Richard L

Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene

2023 Volume 20, Issue 3-4, Page(s) 129–135

Abstract: In the United States, the majority of waste workers work with solid waste. In solid waste operations, collection, sorting, and disposal can lead to elevated biohazard exposures (e.g., bioaerosols, bloodborne and other pathogens, human and animal excreta). ...

Abstract	In the United States, the majority of waste workers work with solid waste. In solid waste operations, collection, sorting, and disposal can lead to elevated biohazard exposures (e.g., bioaerosols, bloodborne and other pathogens, human and animal excreta). This cross-sectional pilot study aimed to characterize solid waste worker perception of biohazard exposures, as well as worker preparedness and available resources (e.g., access to personal protective equipment, level of training) to address potential biohazard exposures. Three sites were surveyed: (1) a family-owned, small-scale waste disposal facility, (2) a county-level, recycling-only facility, and (3) an industrial-sized, large-scale facility that contains a hauling and landfill division. Survey items characterized occupational biohazards, resources to mitigate and manage those biohazards, and worker perceptions of biohazard exposures. Descriptive statistics were generated. The majority of workers did not report regularly coming into contact with blood, feces, and bodily fluids (79%). As such, less than one-fifth were extremely concerned about potential illness from biological exposures (19%). Yet, most workers surveyed (71%) reported an accidental laceration/cut that would potentially expose workers to biohazards. This study highlights the need for additional research on knowledge of exposure pathways and perceptions of the severity of exposure among this occupational group.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Occupational Exposure/analysis ; Hazardous Substances ; Solid Waste ; Pilot Projects ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Personal Protective Equipment
Chemical Substances	Hazardous Substances ; Solid Waste
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2131820-7
ISSN	1545-9632 ; 1545-9624
ISSN (online)	1545-9632
ISSN	1545-9624
DOI	10.1080/15459624.2023.2179060
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Zs.A 5821: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Using a Critical Safety Behavior Scoring Tool for Just-in-Time Training for N95 Respirator Use.

Herstein, Jocelyn J / Gibbs, Shawn G / Kupzyk, Kevin A / Beam, Elizabeth L

Workplace health & safety

2021 Volume 70, Issue 1, Page(s) 31–36

Abstract: Background: Historically, health care workers (HCWs) have exhibited marginal adherence to proper N95 respirator use. During the COVID-19 pandemic, HCWs with little to no prior training on N95 respirator use are relying on N95s as their primary ... ...

Abstract	Background: Historically, health care workers (HCWs) have exhibited marginal adherence to proper N95 respirator use. During the COVID-19 pandemic, HCWs with little to no prior training on N95 respirator use are relying on N95s as their primary respiratory protection. There is a need for simple, effective, and easily implementable just-in-time training (JITT) interventions to improve N95 respirator-related safety behavior. This study investigated two JITT interventions. Methods: A pilot experimental pretest posttest study design was used to evaluate two training interventions for N95 respirator donning/doffing performance at a Midwestern hospital system. HCW participants were randomly assigned to an intervention: one used a 4-minute instructional video alone, while the other used the same video but added a video reflection intervention (participant watched and scored a video of their own performance). All performances were scored using a 10-point Critical Safety Behavior Scoring Tool (CSBST). Findings: Sixty-two HCWs participated (32 video alone, 30 video reflection). The two groups Conclusions/applications to practice: We provide evidence to support the use of a time-efficient JITT intervention to improve HCW N95 respirator donning/doffing practices during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Hospital safety professionals should consider this type of training for HCWs required to wear respiratory protection.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; N95 Respirators ; Pandemics ; Respiratory Protective Devices ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2649181-3
ISSN	2165-0969 ; 2165-0799
ISSN (online)	2165-0969
ISSN	2165-0799
DOI	10.1177/21650799211031169
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Article ; Online: Effort-Reward Imbalance among a Sample of Formal US Solid Waste Workers.

Le, Aurora B / Shkembi, Abas / Sturgis, Anna C / Tadee, Anupon / Gibbs, Shawn G / Neitzel, Richard L

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 11

Abstract: Background: Solid waste workers are exposed to a plethora of occupational hazards and may also experience work-related stress. Our study had three specific hypotheses: (1) waste workers experience effort−reward imbalance (ERI) with high self-reported ... ...

Abstract	Background: Solid waste workers are exposed to a plethora of occupational hazards and may also experience work-related stress. Our study had three specific hypotheses: (1) waste workers experience effort−reward imbalance (ERI) with high self-reported effort but low reward, (2) unionized workers experience greater ERI, and (3) workers with higher income have lower ERI. Methods: Waste workers from three solid waste sites in Michigan participated in this cross-sectional study. We characterized perceived work stress using the short-version ERI questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and linear tests for trend were assessed for each scale. Linear regression models were constructed to examine the relationship between structural factors of work stress and ERI. Gradient-boosted regression trees evaluated which factors of effort or reward best characterize workers’ stress. Results: Among 68 participants, 37% of workers reported high effort and low reward from work (ERI > 1). Constant pressure due to heavy workload was most indicative of ERI among the solid waste workers. Union workers experienced 79% times higher ERI than non-unionized workers, while no significant differences were observed by income, after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions: Organizational-level interventions, such as changes related to workload, consideration of fair compensation, and increased support from supervisors, can decrease work stress.
MeSH term(s)	Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Occupational Stress/epidemiology ; Reward ; Solid Waste ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Workload
Chemical Substances	Solid Waste
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph19116791
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Article ; Online: Category A waste processing and disposal is a critical weakness in the United States response plans for outbreaks of high consequence infectious diseases.

Gibbs, Shawn G / Schwedhelm, Michelle M / Lowe, John J / Tennill, Patricia / Persson, Caroline C / Carrasco, Sharon V / Biddinger, Paul D

American journal of infection control

2023 Volume 52, Issue 1, Page(s) 136–138

MeSH term(s)	United States/epidemiology ; Humans ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392362-9
ISSN	1527-3296 ; 0196-6553
ISSN (online)	1527-3296
ISSN	0196-6553
DOI	10.1016/j.ajic.2023.08.022
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Article ; Online: Literature review of physiological strain of personal protective equipment on personnel in the high-consequence infectious disease isolation environment.

Figi, Claire E / Herstein, Jocelyn J / Beam, Elizabeth L / Le, Aurora B / Hewlett, Angela L / Lawler, James V / Lowe, John J / Gibbs, Shawn G

American journal of infection control

2023 Volume 51, Issue 12, Page(s) 1384–1391

Abstract: Background: Heat strain and dehydration can affect an individual's physical and mental performance. The purpose of this review was to examine the literature for the impact of heat strain on health care workers (HCWs) who care for patients with high- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Heat strain and dehydration can affect an individual's physical and mental performance. The purpose of this review was to examine the literature for the impact of heat strain on health care workers (HCWs) who care for patients with high-consequence infectious diseases (HCIDs) while wearing personal protective equipment (PPE), discuss the risks of impaired safety caused by heat strain and dehydration in HCID environments, identify attempts to combat PPE-related heat strain, recognize limitations, and provide suggestions for further research. Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed or MEDLINE and Google Scholar. Authors screened abstracts for inclusion criteria and reviewed articles if the abstracts were considered to include information relevant to the aim. Results: The search terms yielded 30 articles that were sorted based on environment setting, physiological impact, and interventions. Discussion: The safety of the HCWs and patients can be enhanced through the development and usage of cooler, more comfortable PPE materials and ensembles to help slow the rate of dehydration and support the regulation of core body temperature. Conclusions: Heat strain caused by wearing PPE is an occupational health concern for HCWs in the high-risk environment, that is, HCID care. Future studies are needed to develop innovative PPE ensembles that can reduce heat strain and improve well-being.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Dehydration ; Personal Protective Equipment ; Health Personnel ; Hot Temperature ; Communicable Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392362-9
ISSN	1527-3296 ; 0196-6553
ISSN (online)	1527-3296
ISSN	0196-6553
DOI	10.1016/j.ajic.2023.05.005
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Article ; Online: The cardinal rules: Principles of personal protective equipment for high-consequence infectious disease events.

Donovan, Sara K / Herstein, Jocelyn J / Le, Aurora B / Gibbs, Shawn G / Beam, Elizabeth L / Brown, Christopher K / Lowe, Abigail E / Lowe, John J / Lawler, James V

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

2024 , Page(s) 1–3

Abstract: In recognition of an increasing number of high-consequence infectious disease events, a group of subject-matter experts identified core safety principles that can be applied across all donning and doffing protocols for personal protective equipment. ...

Abstract	In recognition of an increasing number of high-consequence infectious disease events, a group of subject-matter experts identified core safety principles that can be applied across all donning and doffing protocols for personal protective equipment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639378-0
ISSN	1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
ISSN (online)	1559-6834
ISSN	0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
DOI	10.1017/ice.2023.264
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