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  1. Article: MBC and ECBL libraries: outstanding tools for drug discovery.

    Ginex, Tiziana / Madruga, Enrique / Martinez, Ana / Gil, Carmen

    Frontiers in pharmacology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1244317

    Abstract: Chemical libraries have become of utmost importance to boost drug discovery processes. It is widely accepted that the quality of a chemical library depends, among others, on its availability and chemical diversity which help in rising the chances of ... ...

    Abstract Chemical libraries have become of utmost importance to boost drug discovery processes. It is widely accepted that the quality of a chemical library depends, among others, on its availability and chemical diversity which help in rising the chances of finding good hits. In this regard, our group has developed a source for useful chemicals named Medicinal and Biological Chemistry (MBC) library. It originates from more than 30 years of experience in drug design and discovery of our research group and has successfully provided effective hits for neurological, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases. Moreover, in the last years, the European research infrastructure for chemical biology EU-OPENSCREEN has generated the European Chemical Biology library (ECBL) to be used as a source of hits for drug discovery. Here we present and discuss the updated version of the MBC library (MBC v.2022), enriched with new scaffolds and containing more than 2,500 compounds together with ECBL that collects about 100,000 small molecules. To properly address the improved potentialities of the new version of our MBC library in drug discovery, up to 44 among physicochemical and pharmaceutical properties have been calculated and compared with those of other well-known publicly available libraries. For comparison, we have used ZINC20, DrugBank, ChEMBL library, ECBL and NuBBE along with an approved drug library. Final results allowed to confirm the competitive chemical space covered by MBC v.2022 and ECBL together with suitable drug-like properties. In all, we can affirm that these two libraries represent an interesting source of new hits for drug discovery.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587355-6
    ISSN 1663-9812
    ISSN 1663-9812
    DOI 10.3389/fphar.2023.1244317
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Is drug repurposing really the future of drug discovery or is new innovation truly the way forward?

    Gil, Carmen / Martinez, Ana

    Expert opinion on drug discovery

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 8, Page(s) 829–831

    MeSH term(s) Drug Discovery ; Drug Repositioning ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2259618-5
    ISSN 1746-045X ; 1746-0441
    ISSN (online) 1746-045X
    ISSN 1746-0441
    DOI 10.1080/17460441.2021.1912733
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Druggable cavities and allosteric modulators of the cell division cycle 7 (CDC7) kinase.

    Rojas-Prats, Elisa / Martinez-Gonzalez, Loreto / Gil, Carmen / Ramírez, David / Martinez, Ana

    Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry

    2024  Volume 39, Issue 1, Page(s) 2301767

    Abstract: Cell division cycle 7 kinase (CDC7) has been found overexpressed in many cancer cell lines being also one of the kinases involved in the nuclear protein TDP-43 ... ...

    Abstract Cell division cycle 7 kinase (CDC7) has been found overexpressed in many cancer cell lines being also one of the kinases involved in the nuclear protein TDP-43 phosphorylation
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Phosphorylation ; Allosteric Site ; Cell Line ; Nuclear Proteins ; Cell Cycle ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Cell Cycle Proteins
    Chemical Substances Nuclear Proteins ; CDC7 protein, human (EC 2.7.1.-) ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Cell Cycle Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2082578-X
    ISSN 1475-6374 ; 1475-6366
    ISSN (online) 1475-6374
    ISSN 1475-6366
    DOI 10.1080/14756366.2024.2301767
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The emerging role of mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) and its potential as a target for neurodegenerative diseases therapies.

    Moreno, Ricardo / Recio, Javier / Barber, Santiago / Gil, Carmen / Martinez, Ana

    European journal of medicinal chemistry

    2023  Volume 257, Page(s) 115511

    Abstract: Selective and brain-permeable protein kinase inhibitors are in preclinical development for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Among them, MLK3 inhibitors, with a potent neuroprotective biological action have emerged as valuable agents for the treatment ...

    Abstract Selective and brain-permeable protein kinase inhibitors are in preclinical development for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Among them, MLK3 inhibitors, with a potent neuroprotective biological action have emerged as valuable agents for the treatment of pathologies such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In fact, one MLK3 inhibitor, CEP-1347, reached clinical trials for Parkinson's disease. Additionally, another compound called prostetin/12k, a potent and rather selective MLK3 inhibitor has started clinical development for ALS based on its motor neuron protection in both in vitro and in vivo models. In this review, we will focus on the role of MLK3 in neuron-related cell death processes, neurodegenerative diseases, and the potential advantages of targeting this kinase through pharmacological modulation for neuroprotective treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy ; Parkinson Disease/drug therapy ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases ; Cell Death ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 11
    Chemical Substances MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases (EC 2.7.11.25)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-24
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 188597-2
    ISSN 1768-3254 ; 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
    ISSN (online) 1768-3254
    ISSN 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115511
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Neuroprotective properties of exosomes and chitosan nanoparticles of Tomafran, a bioengineered tomato enriched in crocins.

    Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena, Mikel / Niza, Enrique / Fajardo, Cristián Martinez / Gil, Carmen / Gómez-Gómez, Lourdes / Martinez, Ana / Ahrazem, Oussama

    Natural products and bioprospecting

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 9

    Abstract: Saffron has many pharmacological properties in addition to being a frequently used food seasoning. Crocin and picrocrocin which accumulate in saffron stigma, are responsible for these pharmacological properties. These natural products have health- ... ...

    Abstract Saffron has many pharmacological properties in addition to being a frequently used food seasoning. Crocin and picrocrocin which accumulate in saffron stigma, are responsible for these pharmacological properties. These natural products have health-promoting effects for the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases, including age-related cognitive and memory disfunction. Currently, crocin and picrocrocin are obtained from saffron, considered as the spice with the highest price in the market. To develop an efficient and low-cost approach to producing these compounds with high bioactivity, biosynthetic genes isolated from saffron can be exploited in the metabolic engineering of heterologous hosts and the production of crocins in productive crop plants. Recently, we engineered tomato fruit producing crocins (Tomafran). In this study, we demonstrated that crocin-rich extract, encapsulated in chitosan or in exosomes may function as a neuroprotective strategy. Crocins contained in the Tomafran extracts and much lower doses in chitosan nanoparticles or exosomes were enough to rescue the neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y after damage caused by okadaic acid. Our results confirm the neuroprotective effect of Tomafran and its exosomes that may be useful for the delay or prevention of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2192-2195
    ISSN 2192-2195
    DOI 10.1007/s13659-023-00425-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Caring for others without neglecting oneself? Grandparent caregivers, gender, and perceived health-related quality of life.

    García-Jiménez, María / Torres-Enamorado, Dolores / Sánchez-Sánchez, Elena / García-Gil, Carmen / Casado-Mejía, Rosa

    Health care for women international

    2024  , Page(s) 1–20

    Abstract: In this study, we explored the impact of caregiving on quality of life and health perceptions and outlined the profile of grandparent caregivers in Andalusia (Spain) in terms of a range of sociodemographic variables related to the care of their ... ...

    Abstract In this study, we explored the impact of caregiving on quality of life and health perceptions and outlined the profile of grandparent caregivers in Andalusia (Spain) in terms of a range of sociodemographic variables related to the care of their grandchildren. A sample of 171 participants (21.6% men) completed the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) questionnaire and another ad hoc one providing sociodemographic and caregiving data. We studied the relationships between these variables and HRQoL using ANOVA, chi-square and Multiple Linear Regression. We found a mainly female profile for the care of grandchildren and interesting relationships for the physical and mental components of HRQoL. Some relationships were marked by gender: caregiving for pleasure was more often the motive for men while by imposition was more common among women. We discuss the impact of caregiving on health according to the Self-Determination Theory and suggest practical implications derived from the main findings.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632677-8
    ISSN 1096-4665 ; 0739-9332
    ISSN (online) 1096-4665
    ISSN 0739-9332
    DOI 10.1080/07399332.2024.2316142
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Optimization of the Extraction of Chitosan and Fish Gelatin from Fishery Waste and Their Antimicrobial Potential as Active Biopolymers.

    Rocha-Pimienta, Javier / Navajas-Preciado, Bruno / Barraso-Gil, Carmen / Martillanes, Sara / Delgado-Adámez, Jonathan

    Gels (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 3

    Abstract: Fishery residues are abundant raw materials that also provide numerous metabolites with high added value. Their classic valorization includes energy recovery, composting, animal feed, and direct deposits in landfills or oceans along with the ... ...

    Abstract Fishery residues are abundant raw materials that also provide numerous metabolites with high added value. Their classic valorization includes energy recovery, composting, animal feed, and direct deposits in landfills or oceans along with the environmental impacts that this entails. However, through extraction processes, they can be transformed into new compounds with high added value, offering a more sustainable solution. The aim of this study was to optimize the extraction process of chitosan and fish gelatin from fishery waste and their revalorization as active biopolymers. We successfully optimized the chitosan extraction process, achieving a yield of 20.45% and a deacetylation degree of 69.25%. For the fish gelatin extraction process, yields of 11.82% for the skin and 2.31% for the bone residues were achieved. In addition, it was demonstrated that simple purification steps using activated carbon improve the gelatin's quality significantly. Finally, biopolymers based on fish gelatin and chitosan showed excellent bactericidal capabilities against
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2813982-3
    ISSN 2310-2861 ; 2310-2861
    ISSN (online) 2310-2861
    ISSN 2310-2861
    DOI 10.3390/gels9030254
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Audiological evaluation (128-20,000Hz) in women with autoimmune thyroiditis: The role of antibodies vs. l-thyroxine deficiency.

    Álvarez Montero, Oscar Luis / Rodríguez Valiente, Antonio / Górriz Gil, Carmen / García Berrocal, José Ramón

    Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

    2023  Volume 74, Issue 1, Page(s) 50–58

    Abstract: Background and aim: Although sensorineural hearing loss may have different aetiologies, we focused on autoimmune hearing loss since it may be reversible with corticosteroid therapy; this entity is sometimes associated with systemic autoimmune diseases. ... ...

    Abstract Background and aim: Although sensorineural hearing loss may have different aetiologies, we focused on autoimmune hearing loss since it may be reversible with corticosteroid therapy; this entity is sometimes associated with systemic autoimmune diseases. Hashimoto's thyroiditis or chronic autoimmune thyroiditis shows antibodies and may be harmful to hearing thresholds regardless of hypothyroidism effect. To date this effect has not been sufficiently studied and never with extended high frequencies. The aim of this work is to study by age groups whether hearing thresholds in the human auditory range (128-20,000Hz) are affected in Hashimoto's disease.
    Materials and methods: Two groups of 128 patients affected by Hashimoto's thyroiditis were included. First group: patients with pathological antithyroid antibodies who do not need L-thyroxine treatment. Second group: patients controlled with L-thyroxine substitutive treatment. Audiometric threshold study comparing between the groups of patients and a group of 209 controls was performed. All patients underwent complete otorhinolaryngological examination, antithyroid antibodies, TSH, T
    Results: All patients were women. Both groups showed worst audiometric thresholds than the control group; both study groups showed worse hearing than controls, this difference was statistically significant in all frequencies. In the 8-20kHz frequency range, this difference was more than 10dB, and in the 9-16kHz and 20kHz range this difference was more than 20dB. When separated by age groups, in younger subjects (20-29 years) these differences were found in all frequencies, except for conversational frequencies (500-4,000Hz); between 30 and 49 years the difference is statistically significant in all frequencies; and from 50 to 69 years differences are found, especially in the conversational frequencies.
    Conclusions: This first work studying the human auditory range in the chronic autoimmune thyroiditis or Hashimoto's thyroiditis confirms that hearing loss related to the autoimmune disorder predominates at extended-high-frequencies initially. But ends up involving all frequencies in pure-tone conventional audiometry, then it may be detected in routine clinical tests. These results support the role of extended-high-frequencies audiometry to diagnose subclinical hearing loss in patients affected by Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Male ; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/complications ; Hashimoto Disease/complications ; Thyroxine/therapeutic use ; Hearing Loss/complications ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone
    Chemical Substances Thyroxine (Q51BO43MG4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-26
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2173-5735
    ISSN (online) 2173-5735
    DOI 10.1016/j.otoeng.2021.11.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Variation in avian morphology along a short tropical elevational gradient

    Lele, Abhimanyu / Garrod, Holly M. / Ferguson, Euan / Azahara Prieto Gil, Carmen / Ellis, Mike

    Biotropica. 2022 July, v. 54, no. 4

    2022  

    Abstract: Patterns across species of intraspecific phenotypic variation with environment can shed light on the underlying drivers of adaptive evolution. Phenotypic variation within a species along tropical elevational gradients is of particular interest because ... ...

    Abstract Patterns across species of intraspecific phenotypic variation with environment can shed light on the underlying drivers of adaptive evolution. Phenotypic variation within a species along tropical elevational gradients is of particular interest because species with narrow elevational ranges may still experience considerably varied environmental conditions. Here, we examine morphological variation in 27 tropical bird species, spanning 11 families and 3 orders, across a 675 m elevational gradient in Western Ecuador. We analyzed a data set of six morphological variables in 3263 individual birds using multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVAs) and canonical correlation analyses (CCAs). We found that morphology varies significantly with elevation in 8 species, and that spatial segregation by age or sex was apparently not responsible for this result. The phenotypic traits that varied with elevation varied strongly by species. To the best of our knowledge, morphological variation over equally short elevational and horizontal distances across a diverse suite of vertebrate species has not previously been demonstrated. Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
    Keywords data collection ; evolutionary adaptation ; multivariate analysis ; phenotype ; phenotypic variation ; tropical birds ; Ecuador
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-07
    Size p. 869-880.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2052061-X
    ISSN 1744-7429 ; 0006-3606
    ISSN (online) 1744-7429
    ISSN 0006-3606
    DOI 10.1111/btp.13110
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Kinase Inhibitors as Underexplored Antiviral Agents.

    García-Cárceles, Javier / Caballero, Elena / Gil, Carmen / Martínez, Ana

    Journal of medicinal chemistry

    2021  Volume 65, Issue 2, Page(s) 935–954

    Abstract: Viral infections are a major health problem; therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Antivirals used to target proteins encoded by the viral genome usually enhance drug resistance generated by the virus. A potential solution ... ...

    Abstract Viral infections are a major health problem; therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Antivirals used to target proteins encoded by the viral genome usually enhance drug resistance generated by the virus. A potential solution may be drugs acting at host-based targets since viruses are dependent on numerous cellular proteins and phosphorylation events that are crucial during their life cycle. Repurposing existing kinase inhibitors as antiviral agents would help in the cost and effectiveness of the process, but this strategy usually does not provide much improvement, and specific medicinal chemistry programs are needed in the field. Anyway, extensive use of FDA-approved kinase inhibitors has been quite useful in deciphering the role of host kinases in viral infection. The present perspective aims to review the state of the art of kinase inhibitors that target viral infections in different development stages.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Drug Repositioning/methods ; Humans ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Virus Diseases/drug therapy ; Virus Diseases/virology ; Viruses/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 218133-2
    ISSN 1520-4804 ; 0022-2623
    ISSN (online) 1520-4804
    ISSN 0022-2623
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00302
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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