LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 41

Search options

Article ; Online: Partisan animosity through the lens of blame: Partisan animosity can be reduced by a historicist thinking intervention.

Alam, Raihan / Gill, Michael J

2024 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) e0295513

Abstract: Partisan animosity has been on the rise in America. Partisan animosity involves blame, wherein political partisans blame outparty members for their beliefs and actions. Here, we examine whether a historicist thinking intervention-drawn from research on ... ...

Abstract	Partisan animosity has been on the rise in America. Partisan animosity involves blame, wherein political partisans blame outparty members for their beliefs and actions. Here, we examine whether a historicist thinking intervention-drawn from research on blame mitigation-can reduce partisan animosity. The intervention consisted of three components: (1) a narrative about the idiosyncratic development of one political opponent paired with (2) a message about how unique life experiences shape everyone's political beliefs and (3) a suggestion that outparty members can be changed by future formative experiences. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that the intervention reduced cold feelings-measured via Feeling Thermometer-towards the outparty for both Democrats and Republicans. Experiments 3 and 4 focused on more specific emotional changes. Experiment 3 showed that, for Democrats, the intervention increased compassion. Experiment 4 showed that, for Republicans, the intervention reduced disgust, disapproval, anger, and contempt, but had no impact on compassion. For Democrats, but not for Republicans, reductions in animosity were mediated by reduced perceptions of control of self-formation, the mediator identified in prior work on historicist thinking and blame mitigation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Lens, Crystalline ; Lenses ; Unionidae ; Emotions ; Anger
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0295513
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Article ; Online: What do other people think he deserves? Social influence on utilization of mitigating information regarding a violent offender's unfortunate life history.

Gill, Michael J / Zungu, Sinenhlanhla P

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 11, Page(s) e0291729

Abstract: The blameworthiness of an offender is often discussed in groups. Yet, the research literature overwhelmingly examines individuals assessing blameworthiness in isolation. To address this gap in the literature, the present study examines group ... ...

Abstract	The blameworthiness of an offender is often discussed in groups. Yet, the research literature overwhelmingly examines individuals assessing blameworthiness in isolation. To address this gap in the literature, the present study examines group deliberations about blameworthiness, with a particular focus on how group deliberations impact utilization of mitigating information about an offender's unfortunate life history. Participants from introductory psychology courses at a U.S. university were placed in groups of two or three and each group also included a confederate who followed a script. Groups were randomly assigned to one of four conditions. In one condition (deed only), groups learned only about the offender's heinous crimes. In the three remaining conditions, participants also received a historicist narrative regarding how the offender's unfortunate history deformed his moral character. These conditions differed in terms of the confederate's arguments: Neutral arguments, arguments to ignore the narrative, or arguments to give great weight to the narrative. Results showed that the historicist narrative was particularly effective at reducing outrage and increasing compassion when the confederate argued for its utilization. The reduction in outrage mediated a reduction in spiteful punitiveness toward the offender. Interestingly, the confederate who urged fellow deliberators to ignore the historicist narrative had no impact on outrage or compassion. We also examined mediation of the impact of historicist narratives on outrage and compassion. We found that when the confederate remained neutral the impact of historicist narratives on outrage and compassion was mediated via diminished perceptions of the offender's control of self-formation. This mirrors what is typically found in prior work focused on individual judgments. In contrast, when the confederate argued that great weight should be given to the narrative, reductions in outrage were mediated via diminished perceptions of offender freedom of action. This pattern of mediation is not typically found but has been found in one previous study where participants received social encouragement to mitigate blame. Results are discussed in terms of how social influence might alter the inferences draw from historicist narratives. Suggestions for future research on social influence in the context of blame are presented.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Criminals ; Morals ; Crime ; Empathy ; Judgment
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0291729
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: The

Gill, Michael J / Cerce, Stephanie C

Personality & social psychology bulletin

2021 Volume 47, Issue 12, Page(s) 1668–1685

Abstract: Blame permeates our social lives. When done properly, blame can facilitate the upholding of moral norms. When done with excessive intensity or harshness, however, blame can have significant negative impacts. Here, we develop and validate a scale-the ... ...

Abstract	Blame permeates our social lives. When done properly, blame can facilitate the upholding of moral norms. When done with excessive intensity or harshness, however, blame can have significant negative impacts. Here, we develop and validate a scale-the Blame Intensity Inventory-to measure individual differences in the propensity for intense blame responses. First, we present evidence for its convergent and divergent validity by examining relations with existing scales. In addition, in two studies, we show that the Blame Intensity Inventory-rooted in an affective conception of blame-predicts hostile responses to offenders better than do measures focused on blame-related cognitive appraisals (e.g., free will, intentionality). Finally, in three studies, we show that Blame Intensity uniquely predicts malicious satisfaction, or gratification upon learning that an offender has suffered gratuitous harm. Results are discussed in terms of important research questions that could be addressed using the Blame Intensity Inventory.
MeSH term(s)	Crime Victims ; Criminals ; Humans ; Morals ; Personal Autonomy ; Personal Satisfaction
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2047603-6
ISSN	1552-7433 ; 0146-1672
ISSN (online)	1552-7433
ISSN	0146-1672
DOI	10.1177/0146167220985362
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Those who ignore the past are doomed…to be heartless: Lay historicist theory is associated with humane responses to the struggles and transgressions of others.

Gill, Michael J / Andreychik, Michael R / Getty, Phillip D

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) e0246882

Abstract: When one learns that current struggles or transgressions of an individual or group are rooted in an unfortunate history, one experiences compassion and reduced blame. Prior research has demonstrated this by having participants receive (or not) a concrete ...

Abstract	When one learns that current struggles or transgressions of an individual or group are rooted in an unfortunate history, one experiences compassion and reduced blame. Prior research has demonstrated this by having participants receive (or not) a concrete historicist narrative regarding the particular individual or group under consideration. Here, we take a different approach. We explore the possibility that everyday people show meaningful variation in a broad lay theory that we call lay historicism. Lay historicists believe that-as a general fact-people's psychological characteristics and life outcomes are powerfully molded by their life histories. We present eight studies linking lay historicism to broad tendencies toward compassion and non-blaming. Collectively, Studies 1-5 suggest that lay historicism affects compassion and blame, respectively, via distinct mechanisms: (1) Lay historicism is associated with compassion because it creates a sense that-as a general fact-past suffering lies behind present difficulties, and (2) lay historicism is associated with blame mitigation because historicists reject the idea that-as a general fact-people freely and autonomously create their moral character. Thus, lay historicism increases compassion and decreases blame via distinct mechanisms. The remaining studies diversify our evidence base. Study 6 examines criminal justice philosophies rather than broad moral traits (as in the earlier studies) and shows that lay historicism is associated with preference for humane criminal justice philosophies. Study 7 moves from abstract beliefs to concrete situations and shows that lay historicism predicts reduced blaming of an irresponsible peer who is encountered face-to-face. One additional study-in our Supplemental Materials-shows that lay historicism predicts lower levels of blaming on implicit measures, although only among those who also reject lay controllability theories. Overall, these studies provide consistent support for the possibility that lay historicism is broadly associated with humane responding to the struggles and transgressions of others.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Morals ; Social Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0246882
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: When history becomes his story: Shifts in narrative perspective weaken the blame-mitigating force of life-history narratives.

Gill, Michael J / Thalla, Natasha

The British journal of social psychology

2019 Volume 59, Issue 2, Page(s) 311–328

Abstract: Life-history narratives describing how a transgressor developed aversive traits can mitigate blame. How is their effectiveness affected by narrative perspective? In particular, how is blame mitigation impacted when the transgressor appears to be ... ...

Abstract	Life-history narratives describing how a transgressor developed aversive traits can mitigate blame. How is their effectiveness affected by narrative perspective? In particular, how is blame mitigation impacted when the transgressor appears to be knowledgeable of the story of his self-formation? In three experiments, we compare the effectiveness of narratives that reflect an objective perspective to those that reflect the transgressor's perspective. The experiments contrast two hypotheses. The Perspective Taking hypothesis asserts that the transgressor perspective will be especially effective for blame mitigation because it encourages 'stepping into the shoes' of the transgressor. In contrast, the Should Know Better hypothesis asserts that the transgressor perspective will be especially ineffective because it reveals the transgressor to have self-knowledge, which triggers an inference that he deeply comprehends the suffering he causes. Results support the Should Know Better hypothesis. Furthermore, Experiment 3 shows that the transgressor perspective increases blameworthiness regardless of whether the transgressor's prior life experiences parallel what he inflicts on his victims.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Bullying ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Morals ; Narration ; Self Concept ; Social Interaction ; Social Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	625325-8
ISSN	2044-8309 ; 0144-6665
ISSN (online)	2044-8309
ISSN	0144-6665
DOI	10.1111/bjso.12344
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 185: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾

Article ; Online: He never willed to have the will he has: Historicist narratives, "civilized" blame, and the need to distinguish two notions of free will.

Gill, Michael J / Cerce, Stephanie C

Journal of personality and social psychology

2017 Volume 112, Issue 3, Page(s) 361–382

Abstract: Harsh blame can be socially destructive. This article examines how harsh blame can be "civilized." A core construct here is the historicist narrative, which is a story-like account of how a person came to be the sort of person she is. We argue that ... ...

Abstract	Harsh blame can be socially destructive. This article examines how harsh blame can be "civilized." A core construct here is the historicist narrative, which is a story-like account of how a person came to be the sort of person she is. We argue that historicist narratives regarding immoral actors can temper blame and that this happens via a novel mechanism. To illuminate that mechanism, we offer a novel theoretical perspective on lay beliefs about free will. We distinguish 2 senses of free will: (a) Freedom of action, which portrays the will as a dynamic choice-making mechanism and concerns whether the actor can exert volitional control via that mechanism at the time of action, and (b) Control of self-formation, which portrays the will as an enduring disposition (e.g., persistent desire to humiliate) and refers to whether the actor is truly the source of that disposition. Six experiments show that historicist narratives have no effect on perceived freedom of action, but rather temper blame by reducing perceived self-formative control. We also provide evidence against several additional theoretically derived alternative mediators (e.g., intentionality, perceived suffering). Further underlining the need to distinguish free will concepts, we show that biological narratives-unlike historicist narratives-temper blame via reductions in perceived freedom of action. Finally, to illuminate the meaning of "civilized" blame," we show that historicist narratives specifically reduce the urge to inflict spiteful punishments on offenders, but leave intact the urge to nonviolently guide the offender toward moral improvement. (PsycINFO Database Record
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Narration ; Personal Autonomy ; Social Behavior ; Social Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3103-3
ISSN	1939-1315 ; 0022-3514
ISSN (online)	1939-1315
ISSN	0022-3514
DOI	10.1037/pspa0000073
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.B 1451: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: Elite identity and status anxiety

Gill, Michael J

Organization : the critical journal of organization, theory and society Vol. 22, No. 3 , p. 306-325

an interpretative phenomenological analysis of management consultants

2015 Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 306–325

Author's details	Michael J. Gill
Keywords	anxiety ; identity work ; identity regulation ; interpretative phenomenological analysis ; management consultants ; status anxiety
Language	English
Size	graph. Darst.
Publisher	Sage Publ.
Publishing place	London [u.a.]
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1199455-1 ; 1482825-x
ISSN	1461-7323 ; 1350-5084
ISSN (online)	1461-7323
ISSN	1350-5084
Database	ECONomics Information System

Order via subito

Article ; Online: When the Minority Thinks "Essentially" Like the Majority: Blacks Distinguish Bio-Somatic from Bio-Behavioral Essentialism in Their Conceptions of Whites, and Only the Latter Predicts Prejudice.

Gill, Michael J / Mendes, Dana M

PloS one

2016 Volume 11, Issue 8, Page(s) e0160086

Abstract: Essentialist beliefs about social groups can contribute to prejudice and intergroup distancing. To date, little data have been gathered regarding minority group members' essentialistic thinking about the White majority in the U.S. Do essentialist beliefs ...

Abstract	Essentialist beliefs about social groups can contribute to prejudice and intergroup distancing. To date, little data have been gathered regarding minority group members' essentialistic thinking about the White majority in the U.S. Do essentialist beliefs show a similar structure when minority group members are thinking about the majority as when the majority group is thinking about the minority group? Do minority group essentialist beliefs predict affective prejudice and diminished desire for intergroup contact as they do among White respondents? We sought answers to these questions in a study that included 248 African American participants. We found clear evidence that the structure of Blacks' essentialist thinking about Whites matches the structure of Whites' essentialist thinking about Blacks. Specifically, Black respondents made a distinction between bio-somatic and bio-behavioral essentialism, and reported stronger endorsement of the former as compared to the latter. Also replicating prior studies of Whites' essentialist thinking, only bio-behavioral essentialist beliefs were predictive of negative attitudes. This suggests that essentialism can be linked to prejudice even in contexts that do not involve a dominant group rationalizing its social advantages. Discussion centers on implications of this work for prejudice reduction.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; African Americans/psychology ; Aged ; Behavior ; European Continental Ancestry Group/psychology ; Female ; Group Processes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minority Groups/psychology ; Prejudice ; Social Identification ; Stereotyping ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2016
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0160086
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Full text

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- Full text online
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: On shifting the blame to humanity: Historicist narratives regarding transgressors evoke compassion for the transgressor but disdain for humanity.

Gill, Michael J / Getty, Phillip D

The British journal of social psychology

2016 Volume 55, Issue 4, Page(s) 773–791

Abstract: People respond compassionately to transgressors whose immorality is rooted in an unfortunate life history. But, are reactions to such historicist narratives uniformly compassionate? We suggest not. We propose that historicist narratives also have a dark ... ...

Abstract	People respond compassionately to transgressors whose immorality is rooted in an unfortunate life history. But, are reactions to such historicist narratives uniformly compassionate? We suggest not. We propose that historicist narratives also have a dark side. Specifically, they encourage blame shifting, in which negative evaluations of humanity arise hand in hand with compassion for the focal transgressor of the narrative. Indeed, historicist narratives portray the focal transgressor as victimized by multiple others, who destroy her goodness and remove her chance to flourish in life. This destruction of another's potential is itself a profound moral violation and thus activates far-reaching blame responses that feed a disdainful view of humanity. In three studies, we provide evidence that historicist narratives evoke compassion for one but disdain for the multitude. We show that the resulting disdain can diminish prosocial behaviour in unrelated contexts, that it is elicited by both experimenter-provided and participant-generated historicist narratives, and that it is created via blame shifting. Our findings question the assumption that proliferation of historicist thinking would necessarily contribute to creating a more compassionate, humane society.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Empathy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Morals ; Narration ; Social Perception ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	625325-8
ISSN	2044-8309 ; 0144-6665
ISSN (online)	2044-8309
ISSN	0144-6665
DOI	10.1111/bjso.12159
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 185: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾

Article: The possibilities of phenomenology for organizational research

Gill, Michael J

Organizational research methods : ORM Vol. 17, No. 2 , p. 118-137

2014 Volume 17, Issue 2, Page(s) 118–137

Author's details	Michael J. Gill
Keywords	phenomenology ; qualitative research ; methodology ; hermeneutics
Language	English
Publisher	Sage
Publishing place	Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a]
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1427023-7 ; 2029600-9
ISSN	1552-7425 ; 1094-4281
ISSN (online)	1552-7425
ISSN	1094-4281
Database	ECONomics Information System

Order via subito

To top

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito