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  1. Article ; Online: Long‐term drought effects on the thermal sensitivity of Amazon forest trees

    Docherty, Emma M. / Gloor, Emanuel / Sponchiado, Daniela / Gilpin, Martin / Pinto, Carlos A. D. / Junior, Haroldo M. / Coughlin, Ingrid / Ferreira, Leandro / Junior, João A. S. / da Costa, Antonio C. L. / Meir, Patrick / Galbraith, D.

    Plant, Cell & Environment. 2023 Jan., v. 46, no. 1 p.185-198

    2023  

    Abstract: The continued functioning of tropical forests under climate change depends on their resilience to drought and heat. However, there is little understanding of how tropical forests will respond to combinations of these stresses, and no field studies to ... ...

    Abstract The continued functioning of tropical forests under climate change depends on their resilience to drought and heat. However, there is little understanding of how tropical forests will respond to combinations of these stresses, and no field studies to date have explicitly evaluated whether sustained drought alters sensitivity to temperature. We measured the temperature response of net photosynthesis, foliar respiration and the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fᵥ/Fₘ) of eight hyper‐dominant Amazonian tree species at the world's longest‐running tropical forest drought experiment, to investigate the effect of drought on forest thermal sensitivity. Despite a 0.6°C–2°C increase in canopy air temperatures following long‐term drought, no change in overall thermal sensitivity of net photosynthesis or respiration was observed. However, photosystem II tolerance to extreme‐heat damage (T₅₀) was reduced from 50.0 ± 0.3°C to 48.5 ± 0.3°C under drought. Our results suggest that long‐term reductions in precipitation, as projected across much of Amazonia by climate models, are unlikely to greatly alter the response of tropical forests to rising mean temperatures but may increase the risk of leaf thermal damage during heatwaves.
    Keywords air ; canopy ; climate ; climate change ; drought ; environment ; heat ; leaves ; photosynthesis ; risk ; temperature ; trees ; tropical forests ; Amazonia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-01
    Size p. 185-198.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 391893-2
    ISSN 1365-3040 ; 0140-7791
    ISSN (online) 1365-3040
    ISSN 0140-7791
    DOI 10.1111/pce.14465
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Long-term drought effects on the thermal sensitivity of Amazon forest trees.

    Docherty, Emma M / Gloor, Emanuel / Sponchiado, Daniela / Gilpin, Martin / Pinto, Carlos A D / Junior, Haroldo M / Coughlin, Ingrid / Ferreira, Leandro / Junior, João A S / da Costa, Antonio C L / Meir, Patrick / Galbraith, David

    Plant, cell & environment

    2022  Volume 46, Issue 1, Page(s) 185–198

    Abstract: The continued functioning of tropical forests under climate change depends on their resilience to drought and heat. However, there is little understanding of how tropical forests will respond to combinations of these stresses, and no field studies to ... ...

    Abstract The continued functioning of tropical forests under climate change depends on their resilience to drought and heat. However, there is little understanding of how tropical forests will respond to combinations of these stresses, and no field studies to date have explicitly evaluated whether sustained drought alters sensitivity to temperature. We measured the temperature response of net photosynthesis, foliar respiration and the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (F
    MeSH term(s) Trees ; Photosystem II Protein Complex
    Chemical Substances Photosystem II Protein Complex
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 391893-2
    ISSN 1365-3040 ; 0140-7791
    ISSN (online) 1365-3040
    ISSN 0140-7791
    DOI 10.1111/pce.14465
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Variation of non‐structural carbohydrates across the fast–slow continuum in Amazon Forest canopy trees

    Signori‐Müller, Caroline / Oliveira, Rafael S. / Valentim Tavares, Julia / Carvalho Diniz, Francisco / Gilpin, Martin / de V. Barros, Fernanda / Marca Zevallos, Manuel J. / Salas Yupayccana, Carlos A. / Nina, Alex / Brum, Mauro / Baker, Timothy R. / Cosio, Eric G. / Malhi, Yadvinder / Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel / Phillips, Oliver L. / Rowland, Lucy / Salinas, Norma / Vasquez, Rodolfo / Mencuccini, Maurizio /
    Galbraith, David

    Functional ecology. 2022 Feb., v. 36, no. 2

    2022  

    Abstract: Tropical tree species span a range of life‐history strategies within a fast–slow continuum. The position of a species within this continuum is thought to reflect a negative relationship between growth and storage, with fast‐growing species allocating ... ...

    Abstract Tropical tree species span a range of life‐history strategies within a fast–slow continuum. The position of a species within this continuum is thought to reflect a negative relationship between growth and storage, with fast‐growing species allocating more carbon to growth and slow‐growing species investing more in storage. For tropical species, the relationship between storage and life‐history strategies has been largely studied on seedlings and less so in adult trees. We evaluated how stored non‐structural carbohydrates (NSC) vary across adult trees spanning the fast–slow continuum in the Peruvian Amazon by: (a) analysing whole‐tree NSC in two species of contrasting growth and (b) investigating the relationships with key life‐history traits across a broader set of species. Our results are consistent with a growth–storage trade‐off. The analysis of whole‐tree NSC revealed that the slow‐growing Eschweilera coriacea stored about 2.7 times as much NSC as the fast‐growing Bixa arborea due to markedly higher storage in woody stems and roots. B. arborea also had higher seasonality in NSC, reflecting its strong seasonality in stem growth. Across a range of species, stem starch was negatively related to species growth rate and positively related to wood density. Given the role of NSC in mediating plants' response to stress, our results suggest that slow‐growing species with greater storage reserves may be more resilient to drought than fast‐growing species.
    Keywords Bixa ; Eschweilera ; adults ; carbon ; drought ; forest canopy ; life history ; starch ; stem elongation ; stress response ; trees ; tropical plants ; wood density ; Amazonia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 341-355.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2020307-X
    ISSN 1365-2435 ; 0269-8463
    ISSN (online) 1365-2435
    ISSN 0269-8463
    DOI 10.1111/1365-2435.13971
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Uncatalysed diaryldiazo cyclopropanations on bicyclic lactams: access to annulated prolines.

    Harris, Lawrence / Gilpin, Martin / Thompson, Amber L / Cowley, Andrew R / Moloney, Mark G

    Organic & biomolecular chemistry

    2015  Volume 13, Issue 23, Page(s) 6522–6550

    Abstract: The uncatalysed cycloaddition of substituted diaryldiazo compounds onto bicyclic unsaturated lactams derived from pyroglutamic acid efficiently leads to highly functionalised azatricyclononanes. The products are readily elaborated to deprotected ... ...

    Abstract The uncatalysed cycloaddition of substituted diaryldiazo compounds onto bicyclic unsaturated lactams derived from pyroglutamic acid efficiently leads to highly functionalised azatricyclononanes. The products are readily elaborated to deprotected pyroglutamate derivatives, providing rapid access to conformationally constrained amino acids and their analogues. Preliminary assessment of antibacterial activity against one Gram positive and one Gram negative organism indicated high levels of efficacy in some cases.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Catalysis ; Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Cycloaddition Reaction ; Cyclopropanes/chemistry ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods ; Escherichia coli/drug effects ; Lactams/chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Conformation ; Proline/chemistry ; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid/chemistry ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cyclopropanes ; Lactams ; cyclopropane (99TB643425) ; Proline (9DLQ4CIU6V) ; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid (SZB83O1W42)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2097583-1
    ISSN 1477-0539 ; 1477-0520
    ISSN (online) 1477-0539
    ISSN 1477-0520
    DOI 10.1039/c5ob00648a
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Tropical forest lianas have greater non-structural carbohydrate concentrations in the stem xylem than trees.

    Signori-Müller, Caroline / Galbraith, David / Tavares, Julia Valentim / Reis, Simone Matias / Diniz, Francisco Carvalho / Gilpin, Martin / Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes / van der Heijden, Geertje M F / Borges, Camila / Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat / Mião, Sarah / Morandi, Paulo S / Nina, Alex / Salas Yupayccana, Carlos A / Marca Zevallos, Manuel J / Cosio, Eric G / Junior, Ben Hur Marimon / Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo / Phillips, Oliver /
    Salinas, Norma / Vasquez, Rodolfo / Mencuccini, Maurizio / Oliveira, Rafael S

    Tree physiology

    2023  

    Abstract: Lianas (woody vines) are important components of tropical forests and are known to compete with host trees for resources, decrease tree growth and increase tree mortality. Given the observed increases in liana abundance in some forests and their impacts ... ...

    Abstract Lianas (woody vines) are important components of tropical forests and are known to compete with host trees for resources, decrease tree growth and increase tree mortality. Given the observed increases in liana abundance in some forests and their impacts on forest function, an integrated understanding of carbon dynamics of lianas and liana-infested host trees is critical for improved prediction of tropical forest responses to climate change. Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are the main substrate for plant metabolism (e.g., growth, respiration), and have been implicated in enabling tree survival under environmental stress, but little is known of how they vary among life-forms or of how liana infestation impacts host tree NSC. We quantified stem total NSC (NSC) concentrations and its fractions (starch and soluble sugars) in trees without liana infestation, trees with more than 50% of the canopy covered by lianas, and the lianas infesting those trees. We hypothesized that i) liana infestation depletes NSC storage in host trees by reducing carbon assimilation due to competition for resources; ii) trees and lianas, which greatly differ in functional traits related to water transport and carbon uptake, would also have large differences in NSC storage, and that As water availability has a significant role in NSC dynamics of Amazonian tree species, we tested these hypotheses within a moist site in western Amazonia and a drier forest site in southern Amazonia. We did not find any difference in NSC, starch or soluble sugar concentrations between infested and non-infested trees, in either site. This result suggests that negative liana impact on trees may be mediated through mechanisms other than depletion of host tree NSC concentrations. We found lianas have higher stem NSC and starch than trees in both sites. The consistent differences in starch concentrations, a long term NSC reserve, between life forms across sites reflect differences in carbon gain and use of lianas and trees. Soluble sugar concentrations were higher in lianas than in trees in the moist site but indistinguishable between life forms in the dry site. The lack of difference in soluble sugars between trees and lianas in the dry site emphasize the importance of this NSC fraction for plant metabolism of plants occurring in water limited environments. Abstract in Portuguese and Spanish are available in the supplementary material.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-16
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 743341-4
    ISSN 1758-4469 ; 0829-318X
    ISSN (online) 1758-4469
    ISSN 0829-318X
    DOI 10.1093/treephys/tpad096
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: African Savanna-Forest Boundary Dynamics: A 20-Year Study.

    Cuni-Sanchez, Aida / White, Lee J T / Calders, Kim / Jeffery, Kathryn J / Abernethy, Katharine / Burt, Andrew / Disney, Mathias / Gilpin, Martin / Gomez-Dans, Jose L / Lewis, Simon L

    PloS one

    2016  Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) e0156934

    Abstract: Recent studies show widespread encroachment of forest into savannas with important consequences for the global carbon cycle and land-atmosphere interactions. However, little research has focused on in situ measurements of the successional sequence of ... ...

    Abstract Recent studies show widespread encroachment of forest into savannas with important consequences for the global carbon cycle and land-atmosphere interactions. However, little research has focused on in situ measurements of the successional sequence of savanna to forest in Africa. Using long-term inventory plots we quantify changes in vegetation structure, above-ground biomass (AGB) and biodiversity of trees ≥10 cm diameter over 20 years for five vegetation types: savanna; colonising forest (F1), monodominant Okoume forest (F2); young Marantaceae forest (F3); and mixed Marantaceae forest (F4) in Lopé National Park, central Gabon, plus novel 3D terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) measurements to assess forest structure differences. Over 20 years no plot changed to a new stage in the putative succession, but F1 forests strongly moved towards the structure, AGB and diversity of F2 forests. Overall, savanna plots showed no detectable change in structure, AGB or diversity using this method, with zero trees ≥10 cm diameter in 1993 and 2013. F1 and F2 forests increased in AGB, mainly as a result of adding recruited stems (F1) and increased Basal Area (F2), whereas F3 and F4 forests did not change substantially in structure, AGB or diversity. Critically, the stability of the F3 stage implies that this stage may be maintained for long periods. Soil carbon was low, and did not show a successional gradient as for AGB and diversity. TLS vertical plant profiles showed distinctive differences amongst the vegetation types, indicating that this technique can improve ecological understanding. We highlight two points: (i) as forest colonises, changes in biodiversity are much slower than changes in forest structure or AGB; and (ii) all forest types store substantial quantities of carbon. Multi-decadal monitoring is likely to be required to assess the speed of transition between vegetation types.
    MeSH term(s) Africa ; Biodiversity ; Carbon/analysis ; Carbon Cycle ; Ecosystem ; Environmental Monitoring ; Forests ; Gabon ; Geography ; Grassland ; Plants ; Soil
    Chemical Substances Soil ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-06-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0156934
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Substituted diaryldiazomethanes and diazofluorenes: structure, reactivity and stability

    Davis, Philip J / Harris, Lawrence / Karim, Aman / Thompson, Amber L / Gilpin, Martin / Moloney, Mark G / Pound, Matthew J / Thompson, Claire

    Tetrahedron letters. 2011 Apr. 6, v. 52, no. 14

    2011  

    Abstract: The synthesis of several substituted diaryldiazomethanes and diazofluorenes, and an assessment of their structure, reactivity and stability, is reported. ...

    Abstract The synthesis of several substituted diaryldiazomethanes and diazofluorenes, and an assessment of their structure, reactivity and stability, is reported.
    Keywords chemical reactions ; chemical structure ; organic compounds
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2011-0406
    Size p. 1553-1556.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 204287-3
    ISSN 1873-3581 ; 0040-4039
    ISSN (online) 1873-3581
    ISSN 0040-4039
    DOI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.01.116
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Non-structural carbohydrates mediate seasonal water stress across Amazon forests.

    Signori-Müller, Caroline / Oliveira, Rafael S / Barros, Fernanda de Vasconcellos / Tavares, Julia Valentim / Gilpin, Martin / Diniz, Francisco Carvalho / Zevallos, Manuel J Marca / Yupayccana, Carlos A Salas / Acosta, Martin / Bacca, Jean / Chino, Rudi S Cruz / Cuellar, Gina M Aramayo / Cumapa, Edwin R M / Martinez, Franklin / Mullisaca, Flor M Pérez / Nina, Alex / Sanchez, Jesus M Bañon / da Silva, Leticia Fernandes / Tello, Ligia /
    Tintaya, José Sanchez / Ugarteche, Maira T Martinez / Baker, Timothy R / Bittencourt, Paulo R L / Borma, Laura S / Brum, Mauro / Castro, Wendeson / Coronado, Eurídice N Honorio / Cosio, Eric G / Feldpausch, Ted R / Fonseca, Letícia d'Agosto Miguel / Gloor, Emanuel / Llampazo, Gerardo Flores / Malhi, Yadvinder / Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo / Moscoso, Victor Chama / Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro / Phillips, Oliver L / Salinas, Norma / Silveira, Marcos / Talbot, Joey / Vasquez, Rodolfo / Mencuccini, Maurizio / Galbraith, David

    Nature communications

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 2310

    Abstract: Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are major substrates for plant metabolism and have been implicated in mediating drought-induced tree mortality. Despite their significance, NSC dynamics in tropical forests remain little studied. We present leaf and ... ...

    Abstract Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are major substrates for plant metabolism and have been implicated in mediating drought-induced tree mortality. Despite their significance, NSC dynamics in tropical forests remain little studied. We present leaf and branch NSC data for 82 Amazon canopy tree species in six sites spanning a broad precipitation gradient. During the wet season, total NSC (NSC
    MeSH term(s) Bolivia ; Brazil ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Carbohydrates/analysis ; Climate Change ; Droughts ; Forests ; Geography ; Peru ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Seasons ; Sugars/metabolism ; Trees/classification ; Trees/metabolism ; Tropical Climate ; Water/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Carbohydrates ; Sugars ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-021-22378-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Basin-wide variation in tree hydraulic safety margins predicts the carbon balance of Amazon forests.

    Tavares, Julia Valentim / Oliveira, Rafael S / Mencuccini, Maurizio / Signori-Müller, Caroline / Pereira, Luciano / Diniz, Francisco Carvalho / Gilpin, Martin / Marca Zevallos, Manuel J / Salas Yupayccana, Carlos A / Acosta, Martin / Pérez Mullisaca, Flor M / Barros, Fernanda de V / Bittencourt, Paulo / Jancoski, Halina / Scalon, Marina Corrêa / Marimon, Beatriz S / Oliveras Menor, Imma / Marimon, Ben Hur / Fancourt, Max /
    Chambers-Ostler, Alexander / Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane / Rowland, Lucy / Meir, Patrick / Lola da Costa, Antonio Carlos / Nina, Alex / Sanchez, Jesus M B / Tintaya, Jose S / Chino, Rudi S C / Baca, Jean / Fernandes, Leticia / Cumapa, Edwin R M / Santos, João Antônio R / Teixeira, Renata / Tello, Ligia / Ugarteche, Maira T M / Cuellar, Gina A / Martinez, Franklin / Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro / Almeida, Everton / da Cruz, Wesley Jonatar Alves / Del Aguila Pasquel, Jhon / Aragāo, Luís / Baker, Timothy R / de Camargo, Plinio Barbosa / Brienen, Roel / Castro, Wendeson / Ribeiro, Sabina Cerruto / Coelho de Souza, Fernanda / Cosio, Eric G / Davila Cardozo, Nallaret / da Costa Silva, Richarlly / Disney, Mathias / Espejo, Javier Silva / Feldpausch, Ted R / Ferreira, Leandro / Giacomin, Leandro / Higuchi, Niro / Hirota, Marina / Honorio, Euridice / Huaraca Huasco, Walter / Lewis, Simon / Flores Llampazo, Gerardo / Malhi, Yadvinder / Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel / Morandi, Paulo / Chama Moscoso, Victor / Muscarella, Robert / Penha, Deliane / Rocha, Mayda Cecília / Rodrigues, Gleicy / Ruschel, Ademir R / Salinas, Norma / Schlickmann, Monique / Silveira, Marcos / Talbot, Joey / Vásquez, Rodolfo / Vedovato, Laura / Vieira, Simone Aparecida / Phillips, Oliver L / Gloor, Emanuel / Galbraith, David R

    Nature

    2023  Volume 617, Issue 7959, Page(s) 111–117

    Abstract: Tropical forests face increasing climate ... ...

    Abstract Tropical forests face increasing climate risk
    MeSH term(s) Biomass ; Carbon/metabolism ; Droughts ; Forests ; Trees/growth & development ; Trees/metabolism ; Tropical Climate ; Xylem/metabolism ; Rain ; Climate Change ; Carbon Sequestration ; Stress, Physiological ; Dehydration
    Chemical Substances Carbon (7440-44-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/s41586-023-05971-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Book ; Online: Data from

    Cuni-sanchez, Aida / White, Lee J.T. / Calders, K. / Jeffery, Kathryn J. / Abernethy, Katharine / Burt, Andrew / Disney, Mathias / Gilpin, Martin / Gomez-dans, Jose L. / Lewis, Simon L.

    "African savanna-forest boundary dynamics: a 20-year study"

    2016  

    Abstract: Recent studies show widespread encroachment of forest into savannas with important consequences for the global carbon cycle and land-atmosphere interactions. However, little research has focused on in situ measurements of forest-savanna boundary change ... ...

    Abstract Recent studies show widespread encroachment of forest into savannas with important consequences for the global carbon cycle and land-atmosphere interactions. However, little research has focused on in situ measurements of forest-savanna boundary change over time. Using long-term inventory plots we quantify changes in above-ground biomass (AGB), vegetation structure and biodiversity over 20 years for five vegetation types (savanna, colonising forest or F1, successional monodominant forest or F2, Marantaceae forest or F3 and mixed forest or F4) along a savanna-forest transition of central Gabon, all occurring on similar soils. Additionally, we use novel 3D terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) measurements to assess forest structure differences across the transition. Overall, F1 and F2 forests increased in AGB, mainly as a result of adding stems (recruitment in F1) or increased Basal Area (F2). Some plots of F3 and F4 increased in AGB while some decreased. Changes in biodiversity and species’ dominance were small. After 20 years no plot could be classified as having moved to the next stage in the succession. TLS vertical plant profiles showed very distinctive differences amongst the vegetation types. We highlight two relevant points: (i) as forest colonises, changes in biodiversity are much slower than changes in forest structure or AGB; and (ii) all forest types store important quantities of Carbon. Decades long-term monitoring is likely to be required to assess the speed of transition between vegetation types, ideally with TLS, as this provides more objective forest classifications than inventory monitoring.
    Keywords Life Science
    Publisher Wageningen University & Research
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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