Article ; Online: Airway administration of OM-85, a bacterial lysate, blocks experimental asthma by targeting dendritic cells and the epithelium/IL-33/ILC2 axis.
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
2021 Volume 149, Issue 3, Page(s) 943–956
Abstract: Background: Microbial interventions against allergic asthma have robust epidemiologic underpinnings and the potential to recalibrate disease-inducing immune responses. Oral administration of OM-85, a standardized lysate of human airways bacteria, is ... ...
| Abstract | Background: Microbial interventions against allergic asthma have robust epidemiologic underpinnings and the potential to recalibrate disease-inducing immune responses. Oral administration of OM-85, a standardized lysate of human airways bacteria, is widely used empirically to prevent respiratory infections and a clinical trial is testing its ability to prevent asthma in high-risk children. We previously showed that intranasal administration of microbial products from farm environments abrogates experimental allergic asthma. Objectives: We sought to investigate whether direct administration of OM-85 to the airway compartment protects against experimental allergic asthma; and to identify protective cellular and molecular mechanisms activated through this natural route. Methods: Different strains of mice sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin or Alternaria received OM-85 intranasally, and cardinal cellular and molecular asthma phenotypes were measured. Airway transfer experiments assessed whether OM-85-treated dendritic cells protect allergen-sensitized, OM-85-naive mice against asthma. Results: Airway OM-85 administration suppressed allergic asthma in all models acting on multiple innate and adaptive immune targets: the airway epithelium/IL-33/ILC2 axis, lung allergen-induced type 2 responses, and dendritic cells whose Myd88/Trif-dependent tolerogenic reprogramming was sufficient to transfer OM-85-induced asthma protection. Conclusions: We provide the first demonstration that administering a standardized bacterial lysate to the airway compartment protects from experimental allergic asthma by engaging multiple immune pathways. Because protection required a cumulative dose 27- to 46-fold lower than the one reportedly active through the oral route, the efficacy of intranasal OM-85 administration may reflect its direct access to the airway mucosal networks controlling the initiation and development of allergic asthma. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Allergens ; Animals ; Asthma ; Cell Extracts ; Dendritic Cells ; Disease Models, Animal ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Interleukin-33 ; Lung ; Lymphocytes ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Ovalbumin |
| Chemical Substances | Allergens ; Broncho-Vaxom ; Cell Extracts ; Interleukin-33 ; Ovalbumin (9006-59-1) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2021-09-22 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ZDB-ID | 121011-7 |
| ISSN | 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749 |
| ISSN (online) | 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 |
| ISSN | 0091-6749 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.09.013 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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