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  1. Article ; Online: Post-tuberculosis sequelae and their socioeconomic consequences

    Giovanni Sotgiu / Rosella Centis / Giovanni Battista Migliori

    The Lancet Global Health, Vol 9, Iss 12, Pp e1628-e

    worth investigating

    2021  Volume 1629

    Keywords Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Prevention of tuberculosis transmission through medical surveillance systems

    Giovanni Sotgiu / Giovanni Battista Migliori

    The Lancet Public Health, Vol 2, Iss 10, Pp e439-e

    2017  Volume 440

    Keywords Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Use of Monoclonal Antibody to Treat COVID-19 in Children and Adolescents

    Susanna Esposito / Stefano Zona / Andrea Pession / Lorenzo Iughetti / Giovanni Battista Migliori / Nicola Principi

    Pharmaceuticals, Vol 14, Iss 673, p

    Risk of Abuse of Prescription and Exacerbation of Health Inequalities

    2021  Volume 673

    Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in infected patients are a new class of antiviral agents approved as a type of passive immunotherapy. They should be administered to adults and children (≥12 years old, weighing ≥ 40 kg) with SARS- ... ...

    Abstract Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in infected patients are a new class of antiviral agents approved as a type of passive immunotherapy. They should be administered to adults and children (≥12 years old, weighing ≥ 40 kg) with SARS-CoV-2 positivity, and who are suffering from a chronic underlying disease and are at risk of severe COVID-19 and/or hospitalization. The aim of this manuscript is to discuss the benefit-to-risk of mAb therapy to treat COVID-19 in pediatric age, according to current reports. A problem is that the authorization for mAbs use in children was given without studies previously evaluating the efficacy, safety and tolerability of mAbs in pediatric patients. Moreover, although the total number of children with chronic severe underlying disease is not marginal, the risk of severe COVID-19 in pediatric age is significantly reduced than in adults and the role of chronic underlying disease as a risk factor of severe COVID-19 development in pediatric patients is far from being precisely defined. In addition, criteria presently suggested for use of mAbs in children and adolescents are very broad and may cause individual clinicians or institutions to recommend these agents on a case-by-case basis, with an abuse in mAbs prescriptions and an exacerbation of health inequalities while resources are scarce. Several questions need to be addressed before their routine use in clinical practice, including what is their associated benefit-to-risk ratio in children and adolescents, who are the patients that could really have benefit from their use, and if there is any interference of mAb therapy on recommended vaccines. While we wait for answers to these questions from well-conducted research, an effective and safe COVID-19 vaccine for vulnerable pediatric patients remains the best strategy to prevent COVID-19 and represents the priority for public health policies.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; passive immunotherapy ; pediatric infectious diseases ; SARS-CoV-2 ; monoclonal antibody ; Medicine ; R ; Pharmacy and materia medica ; RS1-441
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Antigen Tests for COVID-19 Detection

    Maniya Arshadi / Fatemeh Fardsanei / Behnaz Deihim / Zahra Farshadzadeh / Farhad Nikkhahi / Farima Khalili / Giovanni Sotgiu / Amir Hashem Shahidi Bonjar / Rosella Centis / Giovanni Battista Migliori / Mohammad Javad Nasiri / Mehdi Mirsaeidi

    Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

    A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis

    2022  Volume 9

    Abstract: IntroductionReverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect SARS-CoV-2 is time-consuming and sometimes not feasible in developing nations. Rapid antigen test (RAT) could decrease the load of diagnosis. However, the efficacy of RAT is ... ...

    Abstract IntroductionReverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect SARS-CoV-2 is time-consuming and sometimes not feasible in developing nations. Rapid antigen test (RAT) could decrease the load of diagnosis. However, the efficacy of RAT is yet to be investigated comprehensively. Thus, the current systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of RAT against RT-PCR methods as the reference standard.MethodsWe searched the MEDLINE/Pubmed and Embase databases for the relevant records. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess the quality of the studies. Diagnostic accuracy measures [i.e., sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), positive likelihood ratios (PLR), negative likelihood ratios (NLR), and the area under the curve (AUC)] were pooled with a random-effects model. All statistical analyses were performed with Meta-DiSc (Version 1.4, Cochrane Colloquium, Barcelona, Spain).ResultsAfter reviewing retrieved records, we identified 60 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the rapid antigen tests against the reference test (the real-time PCR) were 69% (95% CI: 68–70) and 99% (95% CI: 99–99). The PLR, NLR, DOR and the AUC estimates were found to be 72 (95% CI: 44–119), 0.30 (95% CI: 0.26–0.36), 316 (95% CI: 167–590) and 97%, respectively.ConclusionThe present study indicated that using RAT kits is primarily recommended for the early detection of patients suspected of having COVID-19, particularly in countries with limited resources and laboratory equipment. However, the negative RAT samples may need to be confirmed using molecular tests, mainly when the symptoms of COVID-19 are present.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; rapid antigen test ; specificity ; sensitivity ; meta-analysis ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 310
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Improving Quality of Patient Data for Treatment of Multidrug- or Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis

    Jonathon R. Campbell / Dennis Falzon / Fuad Mirzayev / Ernesto Jaramillo / Giovanni Battista Migliori / Carole D. Mitnick / Norbert Ndjeka / Dick Menzies

    Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 26, Iss 3, Pp - (2020)

    2020  

    Abstract: International policy for treatment of multidrug- and rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR TB) relies largely on individual patient data (IPD) from observational studies of patients treated under routine conditions. We prepared guidance on which data ... ...

    Abstract International policy for treatment of multidrug- and rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR TB) relies largely on individual patient data (IPD) from observational studies of patients treated under routine conditions. We prepared guidance on which data to collect and what measures could improve consistency and utility for future evidence-based recommendations. We highlight critical stages in data collection at which improvements to uniformity, accuracy, and completeness could add value to IPD quality. Through a repetitive development process, we suggest essential patient- and treatment-related characteristics that should be collected by prospective contributors of observational IPD in MDR/RR TB.
    Keywords tuberculosis ; multidrug resistance ; therapy data collection ; data collection standards ; meta-analysis ; evidence-based medicine ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Bedaquiline Phenotypic and Genotypic Susceptibility Testing, Work in Progress!

    Simon Tiberi / Andrea Maurizio Cabibbe / Jennifer Tomlins / Daniela Maria Cirillo / Giovanni Battista Migliori

    EBioMedicine, Vol 29, Iss , Pp 11-

    2018  Volume 12

    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: A new free-cost e-service supporting clinicians to manage their difficult-to-treat tuberculosis cases

    Lia D′Ambrosio / Marina Tadolini / Rosella Centis / James D Chalmers / Giovanni Battista Migliori

    Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 145, Iss 3, Pp 261-

    The European Respiratory Society-World Health Organization tuberculosis Consilium

    2017  Volume 263

    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Post-Tuberculosis (TB) Treatment

    Dina Visca / Simon Tiberi / Rosella Centis / Lia D’Ambrosio / Emanuele Pontali / Alessandro Wasum Mariani / Elisabetta Zampogna / Martin van den Boom / Antonio Spanevello / Giovanni Battista Migliori

    Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 2734, p

    The Role of Surgery and Rehabilitation

    2020  Volume 2734

    Abstract: Even though the majority of tuberculosis (TB) programmes consider their work completed when a patient is ‘successfully’ cured, patients often continue to suffer with post-treatment or surgical sequelae. This review focuses on describing the available ... ...

    Abstract Even though the majority of tuberculosis (TB) programmes consider their work completed when a patient is ‘successfully’ cured, patients often continue to suffer with post-treatment or surgical sequelae. This review focuses on describing the available evidence with regard to the diagnosis and management of post-treatment and surgical sequelae (pulmonary rehabilitation). We carried out a non-systematic literature review based on a PubMed search using specific key-words, including various combinations of ‘TB’, ‘MDR-TB’, ‘XDR-TB’, ‘surgery’, ‘functional evaluation’, ‘sequelae’ and ‘pulmonary rehabilitation’. References of the most important papers were retrieved to improve the search accuracy. We identified the main areas of interest to describe the topic as follows: 1) ‘Surgery’, described through observational studies and reviews, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, IPD (individual data meta-analyses), and official guidelines (GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) or not GRADE-based); 2) Post-TB treatment functional evaluation; and 3) Pulmonary rehabilitation interventions. We also highlighted the priority areas for research for the three main areas of interest. The collection of high-quality standardized variables would allow advances in the understanding of the need for, and effectiveness of, pulmonary rehabilitation at both the individual and the programmatic level. The initial evidence supports the importance of the adequate functional evaluation of these patients, which is necessary to identify those who will benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation.
    Keywords TB ; post-treatment sequelae ; surgery ; pulmonary rehabilitation ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Factors contributing to drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcome in five countries in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia region

    Christian Auer / Rais Mazitov / Alisher Makhmudov / Bobojon Pirmahmadzoda / Alena Skrahina / Andrei Dobre / Florence Sécula / Xavier Bosch-Capblanch / Martin van den Boom / Giovanni Battista Migliori / Nino Mdivani / Mohammed A. Yassin

    Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, Vol 90, Iss

    2020  Volume 1

    Abstract: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a global challenge and a major contributor of death from anti-microbial resistance. With the main aim to determine factors contributing to treatment outcomes observed among DR-TB patients in the countries in Eastern ...

    Abstract Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a global challenge and a major contributor of death from anti-microbial resistance. With the main aim to determine factors contributing to treatment outcomes observed among DR-TB patients in the countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA), a multi-method study was conducted in: Azerbaijan, Belarus, Romania, Tajikistan and Ukraine. Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used for data collection and analysis. The quantitative approaches included a desk review of documents related to the DR-TB responses and an analysis of clinical records of DR-TB patients in selected health facilities of the five countries. Qualitative methods included in-depth interviews with national TB programme (NTP) managers, other healthcare providers and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) workers, as well as interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with DR-TB patients. The desk review of 38 reports identified as the main challenges to address DR-TB financial and/or management issues and adverse events of the medicines. The most common recommendations related to treatment outcome focussed on general programme management, treatment regimen composition, clinical management and social support for the patients. In all the five countries the NTPs still have a vertical structure. Some integration into the primary health care system (PHC) already exists but further involvement of PHC facilities is feasible and recommended. Interviews with stakeholders indicated that alcoholism and homelessness and a lack of appropriate response to these issues remain as major challenges for a sub-set of patients. Civil society groups, NGOs and communities are substantially engaged in providing different services to DR-TB patients, especially in Ukraine, Romania and Tajikistan. Data from clinical records of 212 patients revealed that independent risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcome (death, loss to follow-up, failure) were culture-positivity at two months of treatment, history of ...
    Keywords drug-resistant tuberculosis ; treatment outcome ; Eastern Europe ; Central Asia ; comprehensive support ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher PAGEPress Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: The challenge of managing extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis at a referral hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

    Marcos Abdo Arbex / Hélio Ribeiro de Siqueira / Lia D'Ambrosio / Giovanni Battista Migliori

    Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, Vol 41, Iss 6, Pp 554-

    a report of three cases

    2015  Volume 559

    Abstract: ABSTRACT Here, we report the cases of three patients diagnosed with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and admitted to a referral hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, showing the clinical and radiological evolution, as well as laboratory test ...

    Abstract ABSTRACT Here, we report the cases of three patients diagnosed with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and admitted to a referral hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, showing the clinical and radiological evolution, as well as laboratory test results, over a one-year period. Treatment was based on the World Health Organization guidelines, with the inclusion of a new proposal for the use of a combination of antituberculosis drugs (imipenem and linezolid). In the cases studied, we show the challenge of creating an acceptable, effective treatment regimen including drugs that are more toxic, are more expensive, and are administered for longer periods. We also show that treatment costs are significantly higher for such patients, which could have an impact on health care systems, even after hospital discharge. We highlight the fact that in extreme cases, such as those reported here, hospitalization at a referral center seems to be the most effective strategy for providing appropriate treatment and increasing the chance of cure. In conclusion, health professionals and governments must make every effort to prevent cases of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.
    Keywords Tuberculose resistente a múltiplos medicamentos ; Tuberculose extensivamente resistente a drogas ; Antituberculosos ; Antibióticos antituberculose ; Diseases of the respiratory system ; RC705-779 ; Specialties of internal medicine ; RC581-951 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 360
    Language Portuguese
    Publishing date 2015-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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