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  1. Article ; Online: Influence of New Technology in Dental Care

    Antonio Gracco / Alberto De Stefani / Giovanni Bruno

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 5364, p

    A Public Health Perspective

    2023  Volume 5364

    Abstract: The advent of new technology has caused significant changes in the field of dentistry, enabling dentists and orthodontists to provide more efficient and effective treatments to their patients [.] ...

    Abstract The advent of new technology has caused significant changes in the field of dentistry, enabling dentists and orthodontists to provide more efficient and effective treatments to their patients [.]
    Keywords n/a ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Suppression of Cone-Beam Artefacts with Direct Iterative Reconstruction Computed Tomography Trajectories (DIRECTT)

    Sotirios Magkos / Andreas Kupsch / Giovanni Bruno

    Journal of Imaging, Vol 7, Iss 147, p

    2021  Volume 147

    Abstract: The reconstruction of cone-beam computed tomography data using filtered back-projection algorithms unavoidably results in severe artefacts. We describe how the Direct Iterative Reconstruction of Computed Tomography Trajectories (DIRECTT) algorithm can be ...

    Abstract The reconstruction of cone-beam computed tomography data using filtered back-projection algorithms unavoidably results in severe artefacts. We describe how the Direct Iterative Reconstruction of Computed Tomography Trajectories (DIRECTT) algorithm can be combined with a model of the artefacts for the reconstruction of such data. The implementation of DIRECTT results in reconstructed volumes of superior quality compared to the conventional algorithms.
    Keywords iteration method ; signal processing ; X-ray imaging ; computed tomography ; Photography ; TR1-1050 ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Oral Adverse Events Associated with BRAF and MEK Inhibitors in Melanoma Treatment

    Michele Basilicata / Vincenzo Terrano / Alessandro D'Aurelio / Giovanni Bruno / Teresa Troiani / Patrizio Bollero / Stefania Napolitano

    Healthcare, Vol 12, Iss 1, p

    A Narrative Literature Review

    2024  Volume 105

    Abstract: Background: Melanoma cancer represents the most lethal type of skin cancer originating from the malignant transformation of melanocyte cells. Almost 50% of melanomas show the activation of BRAF mutations. The identification and characterization of BRAF ... ...

    Abstract Background: Melanoma cancer represents the most lethal type of skin cancer originating from the malignant transformation of melanocyte cells. Almost 50% of melanomas show the activation of BRAF mutations. The identification and characterization of BRAF mutations led to the development of specific drugs that radically changed the therapeutic approach to melanoma. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of the literature according to a written protocol before conducting the study. This article is based on previously conducted studies. We identified articles by searching electronic databases (Medline, Google Scholar and PubMed). We used a combination of “melanoma”, “Braf-Mek inhibitors”, “ targeted therapy” and “oral side effects”. Results: Eighteen studies were reported in this article showing the relationship between the use of targeted therapy in melanoma cancer and the development of oral side effects, such as mucositis, hyperkeratosis and cellular proliferation. Conclusion: Targeted therapy plays an important role in the treatment of melanoma cancer, showing a notable increase in response rate, prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival in BRAF-mutated melanoma patients. Oral side effects represent a common finding over the course of treatment. However, these adverse effects can be easily managed in a multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration between medical oncologists and dental doctors.
    Keywords BRAF inhibitors ; melanoma ; MEK inhibitors ; oral adverse events ; special care dentistry ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: The Effect of Partial Sleep Deprivation and Time-on-Task on Young Drivers’ Subjective and Objective Sleepiness

    Nicola Cellini / Giovanni Bruno / Federico Orsini / Giulio Vidotto / Massimiliano Gastaldi / Riccardo Rossi / Mariaelena Tagliabue

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 4003, p

    2023  Volume 4003

    Abstract: Despite sleepiness being considered one of the main factors contributing to road crashes, and even though extensive efforts have been made in the identification of techniques able to detect it, the assessment of fitness-to-drive regarding driving fatigue ...

    Abstract Despite sleepiness being considered one of the main factors contributing to road crashes, and even though extensive efforts have been made in the identification of techniques able to detect it, the assessment of fitness-to-drive regarding driving fatigue and sleepiness is still an open issue. In the literature on driver sleepiness, both vehicle-based measures and behavioral measures are used. Concerning the former, the one considered more reliable is the Standard Deviation of Lateral Position (SDLP) while the PERcent of eye CLOSure over a defined period of time (PERCLOS) seems to be the most informative behavioral measure. In the present study, using a within-subject design, we assessed the effect of a single night of partial sleep deprivation (PSD, less than 5 h sleeping time) compared to a control condition (full night of sleep, 8 h sleeping time) on SDLP and PERCLOS, in young adults driving in a dynamic car simulator. Results show that time-on-task and PSD affect both subjective and objective sleepiness measures. Moreover, our data confirm that both objective and subjective sleepiness increase through a monotonous driving scenario. Considering that SDLP and PERCLOS were often used separately in studies on driver sleepiness and fatigue detection, the present results have potential implications for fitness-to-drive assessment in that they provide useful information allowing to combine the advantages of the two measures for drowsiness detection while driving.
    Keywords drowsiness ; fitness-to-drive ; PERCLOS ; SDLP ; sleepiness ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 380
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Understanding the hot isostatic pressing effectiveness of laser powder bed fusion Ti-6Al-4V by in-situ X-ray imaging and diffraction experiments

    Tatiana Mishurova / Sergei Evsevleev / Pierre Piault / Andrew King / Laura Henry / Giovanni Bruno

    Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract In the present study, in-situ observation of Hot Isostatic Pressure (HIP) procedure of laser powder bed fusion manufactured Ti-6Al-4V parts was performed to quantitatively estimate the densification rate of the material and the influence of the ... ...

    Abstract Abstract In the present study, in-situ observation of Hot Isostatic Pressure (HIP) procedure of laser powder bed fusion manufactured Ti-6Al-4V parts was performed to quantitatively estimate the densification rate of the material and the influence of the defect initial size and shape on such rate. The observations were performed in-situ using the Ultrafast Tomography Paris-Edinburgh Cell and the combination of fast phase-contrast synchrotron X-ray tomography and energy dispersive diffraction. With this strategy, we could quantify how the effectiveness of HIP depends on the characteristics of a defect. Smaller defects showed a higher densification rate, while the defect shape did not have significant effect on such rate.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Design of optically transparent metasurfaces based on CVD graphene for mmWave applications

    Giovanni Magno / Lorenzo Caramia / Giuseppe Valerio Bianco / Giovanni Bruno / Antonella D’orazio / Marco Grande

    Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract We propose and numerically investigate a smart, optically transparent digital metasurface reflective in the mmWave range, based on CVD graphene programmable elements. For both TM and TE polarizations, we detail the optimization of the unit cells, ...

    Abstract Abstract We propose and numerically investigate a smart, optically transparent digital metasurface reflective in the mmWave range, based on CVD graphene programmable elements. For both TM and TE polarizations, we detail the optimization of the unit cells, designed to exhibit two distinct states that correspond to those of binary encoding. The whole metasurface encoding can be customized to provide different electromagnetic functions, such as wide-band beam splitting at a controlled angle and reduction of the Radar Cross Section. Optically transparent metasurfaces could be integrated and exploited in windows and transparent surfaces in future Beyond-5G and 6G ecosystems.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: COVID-19 and Pulmonary Embolism

    Adriana Tamburello / Giovanni Bruno / Marco Marando

    European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine (2020)

    Not a Coincidence

    2020  

    Abstract: In December 2019, a novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 was reported to be responsible for a cluster of acute atypical respiratory pneumonia cases in Wuhan, in Hubei province, China. The disease caused by this virus is called COVID-19 (coronavirus ... ...

    Abstract In December 2019, a novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 was reported to be responsible for a cluster of acute atypical respiratory pneumonia cases in Wuhan, in Hubei province, China. The disease caused by this virus is called COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). The virus is transmitted between humans and the outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020. Coagulopathy is a common abnormality in patients with COVID?19 due to inflammation, hypoxia, immobilisation, endothelial damage and diffuse intravascular coagulation. However, the data on this topic are still limited. Here we report the case of a man presenting with pneumonia complicated by bilateral pulmonary embolism.
    Keywords coronavirus ; covid-19 ; sars-cov-2 ; pulmonary embolism ; coagulation abnormalities ; tocilizumab ; Medicine ; R ; covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SMC MEDIA SRL
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Effective hole conductivity in nitrogen-doped CVD-graphene by singlet oxygen treatment under photoactivation conditions

    Giuseppe Valerio Bianco / Alberto Sacchetti / Marco Grande / Antonella D’Orazio / Antonella Milella / Giovanni Bruno

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract Nitrogen substitutional doping in the π-basal plane of graphene has been used to modulate the material properties and in particular the transition from hole to electron conduction, thus enlarging the field of potential applications. Depending on ...

    Abstract Abstract Nitrogen substitutional doping in the π-basal plane of graphene has been used to modulate the material properties and in particular the transition from hole to electron conduction, thus enlarging the field of potential applications. Depending on the doping procedure, nitrogen moieties mainly include graphitic-N, combined with pyrrolic-N and pyridinic-N. However, pyridine and pyrrole configurations of nitrogen are predominantly introduced in monolayer graphene:N lattice as prepared by CVD. In this study, we investigate the possibility of employing pyridinic-nitrogen as a reactive site as well as activate a reactive center at the adjacent carbon atoms in the functionalized C–N bonds, for additional post reaction like oxidation. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of the graphene:N surface in the production of singlet oxygen (1O2) is fully exploited for the oxidation of the graphene basal plane with the formation of pyridine N-oxide and pyridone structures, both having zwitterion forms with a strong p-doping effect. A sheet resistance value as low as 100 Ω/□ is reported for a 3-layer stacked graphene:N film.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Modelling of a SMA Blade Twist System Suited for Demonstration in Wind Tunnel and Whirl Tower Plants

    Salvatore Ameduri / Monica Ciminello / Antonio Concilio / Ignazio Dimino / Bernardino Galasso / Mariano Guida / Giovanni Bruno / Marco Fabio Miceli

    Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 21, p

    2023  Volume 12039

    Abstract: In this work, the modeling of a demonstrator of a morphing system aimed at altering the twist of a rotorcraft blade is presented. The device was conceived for two different representative environments: the wind tunnel plant of the University of Bristol ... ...

    Abstract In this work, the modeling of a demonstrator of a morphing system aimed at altering the twist of a rotorcraft blade is presented. The device was conceived for two different representative environments: the wind tunnel plant of the University of Bristol and the whirl tower facility of the DLR, for tests in fixed and wing rotary configurations, respectively. The concept, conceived and matured within the European Project of SABRE, is based on shape memory alloys, SMA. This technology was selected for its intrinsic compactness and solidity, which better meet the requirements of a typical blade structure, being extremely flexible and subjected to relevant inertial loads. A dedicated structural layout was conceived to favor the working modality of the SMA torsional system; this architecture was tailored both to absorb the typical actions occurring onto a blade and to assure a certain level of pre-twist necessary for the SMA strain recovery. The activation of the SMA was performed through an electrothermal helicoidal coil wrapped around it. A dedicated network of sensors was integrated within the structure to measure the impact of the different actions on the blade system. This subsystem, functional to shape reconstruction operations, is capable of splitting the contribution of the loads to pure twist and flapping. At first, the requirements imposed by the two test facilities were elaborated together to the operational needs, arriving at the issue of the most relevant specifications. Secondly, the conceptual and advanced design were considered, demonstrating, first, the feasibility of the concept and, then, its compliance with the test environment. The work ends with two different layouts, conceived respectively for the tests in fixed and rotary wing configurations. For both of them, a performance estimate was addressed, and a discussion on the advantages and disadvantages was presented.
    Keywords blade twist ; SMA torsional actuation ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 670 ; 600
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Graphite Nanoplatelets Nanostructured Films as Multifunctional Protective Layer in Kevlar/Nomex Sandwich Composites

    Fabrizia Cilento / Barbara Palmieri / Giovangiuseppe Giusto / Ruggiero Volponi / Giovanni Bruno / Carmine Carandente Tartaglia / Cinzia Toscano / Michele Giordano / Alfonso Martone

    Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 23, p

    2023  Volume 12812

    Abstract: In the aerospace sector, structural and non-structural composite components are usually subjected to a wide range of environmental conditions. Among all, moisture can seriously damage these materials’ performance, reducing their mechanical, thermal, ... ...

    Abstract In the aerospace sector, structural and non-structural composite components are usually subjected to a wide range of environmental conditions. Among all, moisture can seriously damage these materials’ performance, reducing their mechanical, thermal, electrical, and physical properties as well as their service time. Lightweight protective barrier coatings capable of reducing the diffusion of gases and/or liquids in a material can improve the material’s resistance in humid environments. In this work, nanolamellar nanocomposites characterized by a high in-plane orientation of nanoplatelets have been employed as protective coatings for Kevlar sandwich panels, reproducing the construction of a nacelle engine. The effectiveness of the protection against water uptake of nanocomposites reinforced with graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) at high filler contents (70, 80 and 90 wt%) has been investigated using moisture uptake and Ground-Air-Ground (GAG) tests in an environmental chamber. GNP coatings effectively work as barrier by generating highly tortuous paths for molecule diffusion. Results showed a dependence of the absorption on the coating composition and inner structure. Films @70 wt% GNPs showed the best protection against moisture uptake by delaying the phenomenon and reducing the absorption by −80% after 3 days and −35% after 41 days.
    Keywords graphite nanoplatelets ; moisture uptake ; barrier properties ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 621
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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