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Book ; Online: Boreal Forests in the Face of Climate Change

Girona, Miguel Montoro / Morin, Hubert / Gauthier, Sylvie / Bergeron, Yves

Sustainable Management

(Advances in Global Change Research ; 74)

2023

Author's details	edited by Miguel Montoro Girona, Hubert Morin, Sylvie Gauthier, Yves Bergeron
Series title	Advances in Global Change Research ; 74
Keywords	Forestry ; Physical geography ; Environment ; Environmental sciences—Social aspects ; Plant ecology
Subject code	634.9 ; 577.3
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource (XLIX, 837 p. 178 illus., 157 illus. in color)
Edition	1st ed. 2023
Publisher	Springer International Publishing ; Imprint: Springer
Publishing place	Cham
Document type	Book ; Online
HBZ-ID	HT021861850
ISBN	978-3-031-15988-6 ; 9783031159879 ; 9783031159893 ; 9783031159909 ; 3-031-15988-8 ; 303115987X ; 3031159896 ; 303115990X
DOI	10.1007/978-3-031-15988-6
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Book ; Online: Boreal Forests in the Face of Climate Change

Girona, Miguel Montoro / Morin, Hubert / Gauthier, Sylvie / Bergeron, Yves

Sustainable Management

(Advances in Global Change Research)

2023

Series title	Advances in Global Change Research
Keywords	Forestry & silviculture: practice & techniques ; Climate change ; Sustainability ; Plant ecology ; Boreal Forests and Climate Change ; Forest Sustainable Management ; Biome Scale Perspectives and Synthesis ; Climate Change and Climate Change Impacts ; Ecology of Boreal Forests ; Biodiversity and Ecophysiology of Forests
Language	English
Size	1 electronic resource (837 pages)
Publisher	Springer Nature
Publishing place	Cham
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English
HBZ-ID	HT030376441
ISBN	9783031159886 ; 3031159888
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article: Limited Differences in Insect Herbivory on Young White Spruce Growing in Small Open Plantations and under Natural Canopies in Boreal Mixed Forests.

Yataco, Allison Pamela / Noor, Sabina / Girona, Miguel Montoro / Work, Timothy / Despland, Emma

Insects

2024 Volume 15, Issue 3

Abstract: In managed boreal forests, both plantations and natural regeneration are used to re-establish a cohort of conifer trees following harvest or disturbance. Young trees in open plantations generally grow more rapidly than under forest canopies, but more ... ...

Abstract	In managed boreal forests, both plantations and natural regeneration are used to re-establish a cohort of conifer trees following harvest or disturbance. Young trees in open plantations generally grow more rapidly than under forest canopies, but more rapid growth could be compromised by greater insect damage. We compared insect damage on white spruce (
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662247-6
ISSN	2075-4450
ISSN	2075-4450
DOI	10.3390/insects15030196
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Autoregressive models for time series of random sums of positive variables: Application to tree growth as a function of climate and insect outbreak

Debaly, Zinsou Max / Marchand, Philippe / Girona, Miguel Montoro

Ecological modelling. 2022 Sept., v. 471

2022

Abstract: We present a broad class of semi-parametric models for time series of random sums of positive variables. Our methodology allows the number of terms inside the sum to be time-varying and is therefore well suited to many examples encountered in the natural ...

Abstract	We present a broad class of semi-parametric models for time series of random sums of positive variables. Our methodology allows the number of terms inside the sum to be time-varying and is therefore well suited to many examples encountered in the natural sciences. We study the stability properties of the models and provide a valid statistical inference procedure to estimate the model parameters. It is shown that the proposed quasi-maximum likelihood estimator is consistent and asymptotically Gaussian distributed. This work is complemented by simulation results and applied to time series representing growth rates of white spruce (Picea glauca) trees from a few dozen sites in Québec (Canada). This time series spans 41 years, including one major spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) outbreak between 1968 and 1991. We found significant growth reductions related to budworm-induced defoliation up to two years post-outbreak. Our results also revealed the positive effects of maximum summer temperature, precipitation, and the climate moisture index on white spruce growth. We also identified the negative effects of the climate moisture index in the spring and the maximum temperature of the previous summer. However, the model’s performance on this data set was not improved when the interactions between climate and defoliation on growth were considered. This study represents a major advance in our understanding of budworm–climate–tree interactions and provides a useful tool to project the combined effects of climate and insect defoliation on tree growth in a context of greater frequency and severity of outbreaks coupled with the anticipated increases in temperature.
Keywords	Choristoneura fumiferana ; Picea glauca ; climate ; data collection ; defoliation ; insect outbreaks ; models ; spring ; statistical inference ; summer ; temperature ; time series analysis ; tree growth ; Quebec
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-09
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	191971-4
ISSN	0304-3800
ISSN	0304-3800
DOI	10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110053
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Climatic conditions modulate the effect of spruce budworm outbreaks on black spruce growth

Subedi, Anoj / Marchand, Philippe / Bergeron, Yves / Morin, Hubert / Girona, Miguel Montoro

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2023 Aug., v. 339 p.109548-

2023

Abstract: Current ecological models predict profound climate change-related effects on the natural disturbance regimes of forests. Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) (SBW) is the principal insect defoliator in eastern North America, and SBW outbreaks have a ...

Abstract	Current ecological models predict profound climate change-related effects on the natural disturbance regimes of forests. Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) (SBW) is the principal insect defoliator in eastern North America, and SBW outbreaks have a major impact on the structure and function of the Canadian boreal forest, as defoliation leads to decreased tree growth, increased mortality, and lower forest productivity. SBW outbreaks have become more severe over the last century with the changing climate; however, little is known about how climate fluctuations affect the growth of SBW host species during the outbreak period. Here we evaluate how climate and outbreak severity combined to affect black spruce (Picea mariana) growth during the SBW outbreak that occurred between 1968–1988 and 2006–2017. We compiled dendrochronological series (2271 trees), outbreak severity (estimated by observed aerial defoliation), and climate data for 164 sites in Québec, Canada. We used a linear mixed effect model to determine the impacts of climatic parameters, cumulative defoliation (of the previous five years), and their coupled effect on basal area growth. At maximum outbreak severity, basal area growth of black spruce was reduced by 14%–18% over five years. This outbreak growth response was affected by climate: warmer previous summer minimum temperatures and a higher previous summer climate moisture index further decreased growth by 11% and 4%, respectively. In contrast, a preceding year's warmer spring minimum temperatures (9%) and summer maximum temperatures (7%) attenuated the negative SBW effect. This study adds knowledge to our landscape-level understanding of combined insect–climate effects and helps predictions of future SBW-related damage to forest stands to bolster sustainable forest management. We also recommend that projections of boreal forest ecosystems include several classes of SBW defoliation and multiple climatic scenarios in future simulations.
Keywords	Choristoneura fumiferana ; Picea mariana ; boreal forests ; climate ; defoliating insects ; defoliation ; dendrochronology ; hosts ; meteorological data ; meteorology ; models ; mortality ; spring ; summer ; sustainable forestry ; tree growth ; Quebec ; Climate change ; Disturbances ; Dendroecology ; Ecological modeling ; Forest management
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-08
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	409905-9
ISSN	0168-1923
ISSN	0168-1923
DOI	10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109548
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Driving factors of conifer regeneration dynamics in eastern Canadian boreal old-growth forests.

Martin, Maxence / Girona, Miguel Montoro / Morin, Hubert

PloS one

2020 Volume 15, Issue 7, Page(s) e0230221

Abstract: Old-growth forests play a major role in conserving biodiversity, protecting water resources, and sequestrating carbon, as well as serving as indispensable resources for indigenous societies. Novel silvicultural practices must be developed to emulate the ... ...

Abstract	Old-growth forests play a major role in conserving biodiversity, protecting water resources, and sequestrating carbon, as well as serving as indispensable resources for indigenous societies. Novel silvicultural practices must be developed to emulate the natural dynamics and structural attributes of old-growth forests and preserve the ecosystem services provided by these boreal ecosystems. The success of these forest management strategies depends on developing an accurate understanding of natural regeneration dynamics. Our goal was therefore to identify the main patterns and drivers involved in the regeneration dynamics of old-growth forests with a focus on boreal stands dominated by black spruce (Picea mariana (L.) Mill.) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) in eastern Canada. We sampled 71 stands in a 2 200 km2 study area located within Quebec's boreal region. For each stand, we noted tree regeneration (seedlings and saplings), structural attributes (diameter distribution, deadwood volume, etc.), and abiotic (slope and soil) factors. The presence of seed-trees located nearby and slopes having moderate to high angles most influenced balsam fir regeneration. In contrast, the indirect indices of recent secondary disturbances (e.g., insect outbreaks or windthrows) and topographic constraints (slope and drainage) most influenced black spruce regeneration. We propose that black spruce regeneration dynamics can be separated into distinct phases: (i) layering within the understory, (ii) seedling growth when gaps open in the canopy, (iii) gradual canopy closure, and (iv) production of new layers once the canopy is closed. These dynamics are not observed in paludified stands or stands where balsam fir is more competitive than black spruce. Overall, this research helps explain the complexity of old-growth forest dynamics, where many ecological factors interact at multiple temporal and spatial scales. This study also improves our understanding of ecological processes within primary old-growth forests and identifies the key factors to consider when ensuring the sustainable management of old-growth boreal stands.
MeSH term(s)	Abies/growth & development ; Abies/physiology ; Canada ; Cluster Analysis ; Picea/growth & development ; Picea/physiology ; Seedlings ; Soil/chemistry ; Taiga ; Tracheophyta/growth & development ; Tracheophyta/physiology
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0230221
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Dynamics of Territorial Occupation by North American Beavers in Canadian Boreal Forests: A Novel Dendroecological Approach

Labrecque-Foy, Julie-Pascale / Morin, Hubert / Girona, Miguel Montoro

Forests. 2020 Feb. 14, v. 11, no. 2

2020

Abstract: Research Highlights: Our study highlights a new, simple, and effective method for studying the habitat use by beavers in Canadian boreal forests. Information regarding the presence of beaver colonies and their habitat occupation is essential for proper ... ...

Abstract	Research Highlights: Our study highlights a new, simple, and effective method for studying the habitat use by beavers in Canadian boreal forests. Information regarding the presence of beaver colonies and their habitat occupation is essential for proper forest management and damage prevention in the boreal forest. Background and Objectives: The North American beaver (Castor canadensis) is a major element of natural disturbance, altering the dynamics and structure of boreal forest landscapes. Beaver-related activities also affect human infrastructure, cause floods, and lead to important monetary losses for forestry industries. Our study aimed to determine the spatiotemporal patterns of beaver occupation of lodges over time. Materials and Methods: Using a dendroecological approach to date browsing activity, we studied the occupation of two lodges per water body for eight water bodies located in the boreal forest of Québec, Canada. Results: Three sites showed alternating patterns of lodge use (occupation) over time, three sites (37.5%) demonstrated no alternating patterns of use, and two sites (25%) presented unclear patterns of lodge use. Conclusions: Alternating patterns of lodge use can be linked to food depletion and the need to regenerate vegetation around lodges, while non-alternating patterns may be related to fluctuations in water levels, the specific shrub and tree species surrounding the lodges, the size of the beaver territory, and the number of lodges present on a water body.
Keywords	Castor canadensis ; boreal forests ; browsing ; dendroecology ; floods ; forest industries ; forest management ; habitat preferences ; habitats ; infrastructure ; landscapes ; occupations ; shrubs ; surface water ; territoriality ; trees ; Quebec
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0214
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f11020221
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Why Do Beavers Leave Home? Lodge Abandonment in an Invasive Population in Patagonia

Feldman, Mariano J / Girona, Miguel Montoro / Grosbois, Guillaume / Pietrek, Alejandro G

Forests. 2020 Oct. 31, v. 11, no. 11

2020

Abstract: Research Highlights: Lodge abandonment by beavers is apparently a common phenomenon in Patagonia, but it is still poorly understood and we ignore what drives it. In relatively slow growth Nothofagus forests, resource depletion can impact abandonment ... ...

Abstract	Research Highlights: Lodge abandonment by beavers is apparently a common phenomenon in Patagonia, but it is still poorly understood and we ignore what drives it. In relatively slow growth Nothofagus forests, resource depletion can impact abandonment while water availability may be a major driver in the semiarid steppe. Background and Objectives: North American beaver (Castor canadensis) was introduced in 1946 on the island of Tierra del Fuego (TDF) in southern Argentina. Since then, beavers have become a major disturbance affecting not only forest but also treeless steppe landscapes. Our goal was to determine the factors affecting lodge abandonment by beavers in two habitats of TDF: forest and steppe. Materials and Methods: A total of 47 lodges were surveyed between February and March from 2012 to 2014 in both habitat types, 22 in the forest and 25 in the steppe. To explain factors involved in lodge abandonment by beavers, we measured the following variables: water level variation, stream gradient, vegetation cover adjacent to shore and forest structure. Results: We recorded 24 abandonments events, with a similar proportion of lodges abandoned in both habitats. Our results revealed that lodge abandonment was mostly linked to water level fluctuations irrespective of habitat type. The water level at the entrances of the lodge generally decreased in abandoned lodges. Variables that characterize understory cover had some influence on lodge abandonment in the forest, and no effect in the steppe. Conclusions: Water level variation was associated with lodge abandonment in both habitats, and we found some evidence of resource depletion in the forest. However, we caution that changes in water level may be not only due to extrinsic factors but rather to beaver’s own activities or to a decay in pond maintenance following abandonment.
Keywords	Castor canadensis ; Nothofagus ; deterioration ; forests ; habitats ; invasive species ; landscapes ; materials ; methodology ; objectives ; research ; steppes ; streams ; understory ; vegetation cover ; water ; Argentina
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1031
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f11111161
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Changes in Spatiotemporal Patterns of 20th Century Spruce Budworm Outbreaks in Eastern Canadian Boreal Forests.

Navarro, Lionel / Morin, Hubert / Bergeron, Yves / Girona, Miguel Montoro

Frontiers in plant science

2018 Volume 9, Page(s) 1905

Abstract: In scenarios of future climate change, there is a projectedincrease in the occurrence and severity of natural disturbances inboreal forests. Spruce budworm ( ...

Abstract	In scenarios of future climate change, there is a projectedincrease in the occurrence and severity of natural disturbances inboreal forests. Spruce budworm (
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711035-7
ISSN	1664-462X
ISSN	1664-462X
DOI	10.3389/fpls.2018.01905
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Success Factors for Experimental Partial Harvesting in Unmanaged Boreal Forest: 10-Year Stand Yield Results

Moussaoui, Louiza / Leduc, Alain / Girona, Miguel Montoro / Bélisle, Annie Claude / Lafleur, Benoit / Fenton, Nicole J / Bergeron, Yves

Forests. 2020 Nov. 13, v. 11, no. 11

2020

Abstract: Over the past two decades, partial harvesting has been increasingly used in boreal forests as an alternative to clearcutting to promote irregular stand structures and maintain a balance between biodiversity preservation and continued timber production. ... ...

Abstract	Over the past two decades, partial harvesting has been increasingly used in boreal forests as an alternative to clearcutting to promote irregular stand structures and maintain a balance between biodiversity preservation and continued timber production. However, relatively little is still known about the silvicultural potential of partial harvesting in Canada’s boreal forest, especially in areas prone to organic matter accumulation (paludification), and most prior research has focused on biodiversity responses. In this study, we assess the effects of partial harvesting on stand development (recruitment, growth, and mortality) ten years after harvesting in previously unmanaged black spruce stands and quantify its effectiveness in reducing the impacts on ecosystem structures. Our analyses revealed that pre-harvest stand structure and site characteristics, especially initial basal area, sapling density, tree diameter, and organic layer thickness (OLT) were major factors involved in stand development ten years following these partial harvesting treatments. Depending on pre-harvest structure and site characteristics, partial harvesting can result in either an increase in post-harvest tree recruitment and growth or a loss of stand volume because of standing tree mortality. To increase the chances of partial harvesting success in ensuring an increase in decennial stand yield after harvest in black spruce forest stands, sites prone to paludification (i.e., where OLT >17 cm) should be left unharvested. This study illustrates the importance of taking into account pre-existing structure and site characteristics in the selection of management strategies to maximize the potential of partial harvesting to achieve sustainable forest management in black spruce stands.
Keywords	Picea mariana ; administrative management ; area ; biodiversity ; boreal forests ; clearcutting ; density ; forest stands ; harvesting ; mortality ; organic matter ; research ; species recruitment ; stand development ; stand structure ; sustainable forestry ; thickness ; timber production ; tree and stand measurements ; tree mortality ; volume ; Canada
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1113
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f11111199
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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