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Artikel ; Online: Roots of Violence in Indonesia, Freek Colombijn & J. Thomas Lindblad (eds)

Glenn Smith

Moussons : Recherche en Sciences Humaines sur l’Asie du Sud-Est, Iss 9-10, Pp 374-

2013 Band 376

Abstract: This volume contains papers presented at the Leiden University workshop on “Violence in Indonesia. Its historical roots and its contemporary manifestations” in December 2000. The revised papers take into account developments up to early 2001. This useful ...

Abstract	This volume contains papers presented at the Leiden University workshop on “Violence in Indonesia. Its historical roots and its contemporary manifestations” in December 2000. The revised papers take into account developments up to early 2001. This useful anthology of essays is divided into three parts. The first part, “Historical continuity,” paints through case studies a picture of violence as an ever-present part of the Indonesian state. The second part, “Army violence,” specifically looks .
Schlagwörter	Social sciences (General) ; H1-99 ; Social Sciences ; H ; DOAJ:Social Sciences ; History of Asia ; DS1-937 ; History (General) and history of Europe ; D ; DOAJ:History ; DOAJ:History and Archaeology
Sprache	Französisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Université de Provence
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
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Artikel ; Online: Roots of Violence in Indonesia, Freek Colombijn & J. Thomas Lindblad (eds)

Glenn Smith

Moussons, Vol 9, Pp 374-

2006 Band 376

Schlagwörter	History of Asia ; DS1-937 ; Social Sciences ; H
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2006-12-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Université de Provence
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Artikel ; Online: Evaluation of a Computable Phenotype for Successful Cognitive Aging

Glenn Smith, PhD / Amber Miller, MPH / David E. Marra, PhD / Yonghui Wu, PhD / Jiang Bian, PhD / Demetrius M. Maraganore, MD / Stephen Anton, PhD

Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes, Vol 7, Iss 4, Pp 212-

2023 Band 221

Abstract: Objective: To establish, apply, and evaluate a computable phenotype for the recruitment of individuals with successful cognitive aging. Participants and Methods: Interviews with 10 aging experts identified electronic health record (EHR)-available ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To establish, apply, and evaluate a computable phenotype for the recruitment of individuals with successful cognitive aging. Participants and Methods: Interviews with 10 aging experts identified electronic health record (EHR)-available variables representing successful aging among individuals aged 85 years and older. On the basis of the identified variables, we developed a rule-based computable phenotype algorithm composed of 17 eligibility criteria. Starting September 1, 2019, we applied the computable phenotype algorithm to all living persons aged 85 years and older at the University of Florida Health, which identified 24,024 individuals. This sample was comprised of 13,841 (58%) women, 13,906 (58%) Whites, and 16,557 (69%) non-Hispanics. A priori permission to be contacted for research had been obtained for 11,898 individuals, of whom 470 responded to study announcements and 333 consented to evaluation. Then, we contacted those who consented to evaluate whether their cognitive and functional status clinically met out successful cognitive aging criteria of a modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status score of more than 27 and Geriatric Depression Scale of less than 6. The study was completed on December 31, 2022. Results: Of the 45% of living persons aged 85 years and older included in the University of Florida Health EHR database identified by the computable phenotype as successfully aged, approximately 4% of these responded to study announcements and 333 consented, of which 218 (65%) met successful cognitive aging criteria through direct evaluation. Conclusion: The study evaluated a computable phenotype algorithm for the recruitment of individuals for a successful aging study using large-scale EHRs. Our study provides proof of concept of using big data and informatics as aids for the recruitment of individuals for prospective cohort studies.
Schlagwörter	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	360
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Elsevier
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
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Artikel ; Online: Genetic differentiation between and within Northern Native American language groups

Jessica A. Weise / Jillian Ng / Robert F. Oldt / Joy Viray / Kelly L. McCulloh / David Glenn Smith / Sreetharan Kanthaswamy

Forensic Sciences Research, Vol 0, Iss 0, Pp 1-

an argument for the expansion of the Native American CODIS database

2021 Band 11

Abstract: The National Research Council recommends that genetic differentiation among subgroups of ethnic samples be lower than 3% of the total genetic differentiation within the ethnic sample to be used for estimating reliable random match probabilities for ... ...

Abstract	The National Research Council recommends that genetic differentiation among subgroups of ethnic samples be lower than 3% of the total genetic differentiation within the ethnic sample to be used for estimating reliable random match probabilities for forensic use. Native American samples in the United States’ Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) database represent four language families: Algonquian, Na-Dene, Eskimo-Aleut, and Salishan. However, a minimum of 27 Native American language families exists in the US, not including language isolates. Our goal was to ascertain whether genetic differences are correlated with language groupings and, if so, whether additional language families would provide a more accurate representation of current genetic diversity among tribal populations. The 21 short tandem repeat (STR) loci included in the Globalfiler® PCR Amplification Kit were used to characterize six indigenous language families, including three of the four represented in the CODIS database (i.e. Algonquian, Na-Dene, and Eskimo-Aleut), and two language isolates (Miwok and Seri) using major population genetic diversity metrics such as F statistics and Bayesian clustering analysis of genotype frequencies. Most of the genetic variation (97%) was found to be within language families instead of among them (3%). In contrast, when only the three of the four language families represented in both the CODIS database and the present study were considered, 4% of the genetic variation occurred among the language groups. Bayesian clustering resulted in a maximum posterior probability indicating three genetically distinct groups among the eight language families and isolates: (1) Eskimo, (2) Seri, and (3) all other language groups and isolates, thus confirming genetic subdivision among subgroups of the CODIS Native American database. This genetic structure indicates the need for an increased number of Native American populations based on language affiliation in the CODIS database as well as more robust sample sets for those language ...
Schlagwörter	forensic sciences ; population genetics ; native americans ; north america ; languages ; short tandem repeats (strs or microsatellites) ; Criminal law and procedure ; K5000-5582 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	410
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Taylor & Francis Group
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
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Artikel ; Online: Modular machine learning for Alzheimer's disease classification from retinal vasculature

Jianqiao Tian / Glenn Smith / Han Guo / Boya Liu / Zehua Pan / Zijie Wang / Shuangyu Xiong / Ruogu Fang

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Band 11

Abstract: Abstract Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia. The long progression period in Alzheimer's disease provides a possibility for patients to get early treatment by having routine screenings. However, current clinical diagnostic imaging tools ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia. The long progression period in Alzheimer's disease provides a possibility for patients to get early treatment by having routine screenings. However, current clinical diagnostic imaging tools do not meet the specific requirements for screening procedures due to high cost and limited availability. In this work, we took the initiative to evaluate the retina, especially the retinal vasculature, as an alternative for conducting screenings for dementia patients caused by Alzheimer's disease. Highly modular machine learning techniques were employed throughout the whole pipeline. Utilizing data from the UK Biobank, the pipeline achieved an average classification accuracy of 82.44%. Besides the high classification accuracy, we also added a saliency analysis to strengthen this pipeline's interpretability. The saliency analysis indicated that within retinal images, small vessels carry more information for diagnosing Alzheimer's diseases, which aligns with related studies.
Schlagwörter	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	610
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Nature Portfolio
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
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Artikel ; Online: Evolutionary distance of amino acid sequence orthologs across macaque subspecies

Cody T Ross / Morteza Roodgar / David Glenn Smith

PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 4, p e

identifying candidate genes for SIV resistance in Chinese rhesus macaques.

2015 Band 0123624

Abstract: We use the Reciprocal Smallest Distance (RSD) algorithm to identify amino acid sequence orthologs in the Chinese and Indian rhesus macaque draft sequences and estimate the evolutionary distance between such orthologs. We then use GOanna to map gene ... ...

Abstract	We use the Reciprocal Smallest Distance (RSD) algorithm to identify amino acid sequence orthologs in the Chinese and Indian rhesus macaque draft sequences and estimate the evolutionary distance between such orthologs. We then use GOanna to map gene function annotations and human gene identifiers to the rhesus macaque amino acid sequences. We conclude methodologically by cross-tabulating a list of amino acid orthologs with large divergence scores with a list of genes known to be involved in SIV or HIV pathogenesis. We find that many of the amino acid sequences with large evolutionary divergence scores, as calculated by the RSD algorithm, have been shown to be related to HIV pathogenesis in previous laboratory studies. Four of the strongest candidate genes for SIVmac resistance in Chinese rhesus macaques identified in this study are CDK9, CXCL12, TRIM21, and TRIM32. Additionally, ANKRD30A, CTSZ, GORASP2, GTF2H1, IL13RA1, MUC16, NMDAR1, Notch1, NT5M, PDCD5, RAD50, and TM9SF2 were identified as possible candidates, among others. We failed to find many laboratory experiments contrasting the effects of Indian and Chinese orthologs at these sites on SIVmac pathogenesis, but future comparative studies might hold fertile ground for research into the biological mechanisms underlying innate resistance to SIVmac in Chinese rhesus macaques.
Schlagwörter	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	612
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
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Artikel ; Online: Research priorities of caregivers and individuals with dementia with Lewy bodies

Melissa J Armstrong / Noheli Gamez / Slande Alliance / Tabassum Majid / Angela Taylor / Andrea M Kurasz / Bhavana Patel / Glenn Smith

PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 10, p e

An interview study.

2020 Band 0239279

Abstract: Background Funding bodies are placing increased emphasis on patient and public involvement in research, but the research priorities of individuals and caregivers living with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are unknown. Method Investigators conducted ... ...

Abstract	Background Funding bodies are placing increased emphasis on patient and public involvement in research, but the research priorities of individuals and caregivers living with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are unknown. Method Investigators conducted telephone interviews with individuals living with DLB and caregivers. Participants were recruited from a Lewy Body Dementia Association Research Center of Excellence. Interviews employed a semi-structured questionnaire querying research needs in different categories and then asking participants to select their top priorities. Investigators used a qualitative descriptive approach to analyze transcripts and identify themes. Results Twenty individuals with DLB and 25 caregivers participated. Seventeen from each group participated as part of a patient-caregiver dyad. Twenty-three of the caregivers were spouses, two were daughters. Individuals with DLB and caregivers identified research needs relating to focusing on awareness, determining the cause of DLB, improving diagnosis, and investigating what to expect/disease stages. Participants also highlighted DLB symptoms needing additional research, therapies to prevent, cure, or slow the progression of DLB, and research targeting daily function and quality of life, caregiving, and improving education. Conclusions These findings support the research priorities defined in the National Institutes of Health dementia care summits in addition to ADRD priority-setting summits. Research is needed across all domains of DLB. Funding should be informed by the priorities of all relevant stakeholders and support research investigating causes, natural history, biomarkers, and treatment in addition to research targeting themes regarding living with disease (e.g. independence, quality of life, caregiving, and education).
Schlagwörter	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	360
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
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Artikel ; Online: Ancient DNA methodology: thoughts from Brian M. Kemp and David Glenn Smith on "Mitochondrial DNA of protohistoric remains of an Arikara population from South Dakota".

Kemp, Brian M / Glenn Smith, David

Human biology

2010 Band 82, Heft 2, Seite(n) 227–238

Mesh-Begriff(e)	Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis ; Gene Amplification ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Indians, North American/genetics ; Indians, North American/history ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; South Dakota
Chemische Substanzen	DNA, Mitochondrial
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2010-04
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Comment ; Historical Article ; Letter
ZDB-ID	1116-2
ISSN	1534-6617 ; 0018-7143
ISSN (online)	1534-6617
ISSN	0018-7143
DOI	10.3378/027.082.0207
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: The genetic structure of native Americans in North America based on the Globalfiler® STRs.

McCulloh, Kelly L / Ng, Jillian / Oldt, Robert F / Weise, Jessica A / Viray, Joy / Budowle, Bruce / Glenn Smith, David / Kanthaswamy, Sreetharan

Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)

2016 Band 23, Seite(n) 49–54

Abstract: Current forensic STR databases, such as CODIS, lack population genetic data on Native American populations. Information from a geographically diverse array of tribes is necessary to provide improved statistical estimates of the strength of associations ... ...

Abstract	Current forensic STR databases, such as CODIS, lack population genetic data on Native American populations. Information from a geographically diverse array of tribes is necessary to provide improved statistical estimates of the strength of associations with DNA evidence. The Globalfiler® STR markers were used to characterize the genetic structure of ten tribal populations from seven geographic regions in North America, including those not presently represented in forensic databases. Samples from the Arctic region, Baja California, California/Great Basin, the Southeast, Mexico, the Midwest, and the Southwest were analyzed for allele frequencies, observed and expected heterozygosities, and F-statistics. The tribal samples exhibited an F
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Databases, Genetic ; Forensic Sciences ; Genetics, Population ; Geography ; Humans ; Indians, North American/genetics ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics ; North America
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2016-11
Erscheinungsland	Ireland
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019555-2
ISSN	1873-4162 ; 1344-6223
ISSN (online)	1873-4162
ISSN	1344-6223
DOI	10.1016/j.legalmed.2016.09.007
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Artikel ; Online: Physical exercise and cognitive engagement outcomes for mild neurocognitive disorder

Liselotte De Wit / Deirdre O’Shea / Melanie Chandler / Tripti Bhaskar / Jared Tanner / Prashanthi Vemuri / Julia Crook / Miranda Morris / Glenn Smith

Trials, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a group-randomized pilot trial

2018 Band 11

Abstract: Abstract Background Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is considered a risk state for the development of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease. It is also a period in which interventions may be most effective in slowing progression to dementia. ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is considered a risk state for the development of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease. It is also a period in which interventions may be most effective in slowing progression to dementia. Computerized cognitive training and increased physical activity have shown to be among the most promising interventions. However, current evidence from randomized controlled trials comparing cognitive training, physical activity, and an active control is inconsistent. Furthermore, the neural mechanisms underlying these interventions are currently unclear. Methods The objective of the current pilot study is to explore the feasibility of a trial investigating the impact of computerized cognitive training, yoga, and an active control intervention (wellness education) in individuals with aMCI by conducting a group-randomized, multisite, parallel, three-arm pilot study. We will establish preliminary effect sizes regarding the association of each intervention with neuroimaging and cognitive and participant-reported measures. We also aim to estimate the strength of association between the various outcomes. The current trial aims to recruit 75 people with aMCI and their 75 cognitively healthy care partners through clinics and senior care facilities. The initial intervention will last 10 days and will consist of 1 h daily of the assigned intervention i.e., (yoga, computerized cognitive training, or wellness education) combined with 1 h of memory compensation training and 1 h of support groups. Twenty-five participants will be group-randomized to each arm using a random number generator. Study staff and participants will be kept blind until recruitment is complete for each group. After the initial two-week intervention, participants will continue the assigned intervention for 24 weeks. Outcome measures are: functional connectivity and cerebral perfusion as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging; cognition; daily functioning; mood; anxiety; self-efficacy; caregiver burden; ...
Schlagwörter	Mild cognitive impairment ; Neurocognitive disorder ; Behavioral interventions ; Cognitive training ; Yoga ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	796
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2018-10-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	BMC
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